广东高校贫困大学生心理健康状况调查与思考

目的了解广东高校贫困生心理健康状况并提出相应建议。方法用康奈尔医学指数（CMI）及社会支持评定量表，对广东省5所高校500名学生进行了问卷调查，并采用SPSS11．0进行相关统计和分析。结果贫困大学生的心理健康状况在某些方面存在不足，在性别、地域来源等有差异。结论高校应重视贫困大学生的心理健康状况，加强情感引导，尤其不能忽视对女贫困大学生的关注和帮助。     

Interdisciplinary approach to abdominal Burkitt’s lymphoma

Burkitt’s lymphoma is a high-grade, rapidly growing B-cell neoplasm. It is recognized by its aggressive course, brief median survival, and low rates of long-term survival. The authors discuss the case of a patient who acutely presented with intraabdominal complications from a new onset of Burkitt’s lymphoma. The clinical and pathological features, staging, treatment options, and survival data are reviewed. In addition, the role of surgical intervention is carefully analyzed.     

Pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection in patients with kidney allograft transplantation

The aim of the study was to analyse the clinical manifestation and management of pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection in four allograft transplantation recipients retrospectively. Four patients with pulmonary L. blattarum infection were diagnosed by using Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) examination. Their clinical manifestation and management are summarized. Four cases of pulmonary L. blattarum were found during the period from the second month to the third month after transplantation. Concurring infection by other pathogens was found in three of them. Common initial symptoms included fever (>38 degrees C) without cough and breathlessness. Lower lobe shadowing could be found on chest X-ray. Body temperature decreased to the normal range in three patients and to 37.5 degrees C in the other one, after intravenous injection of metronidazole and tapering immunosuppressant. Radiological examination confirmed improved health condition of the patients afterwards. Two patients received repeated FOB and only dead L. blattarum was found. Pulmonary L. blattarum infection in allograft transplant recipients carry relatively obscure initial symptoms. Possible L. blattarum infection needs to be screened in post-transplantation pulmonary infection patients with similar symptoms, especially in those who respond poorly to anti-infection treatment. Microscopic examination of BAL fluid can help to identify pulmonary L. blattarum infection and metronidazole is an ideal treatment choice.     

运用直观教学法提高学生对知识的感知

课堂讲授是高校班级授课的基本形式,在课堂讲授中起主导作用,占重要地位[1]。近年来随着高等护理教育的发展,越来越多的临床护士担任起了本科护理系的临床教学任务。而临床护士非专业教师,在教学过程中需要掌握一些教学方法与技巧,才能提高课堂讲授质量。心理学研究表明,直观是     

Evaluation of mandibular block using a standardized method.

The purpose of this prospective randomized study was to investigate the manifestations and efficiency of mandibular block (MB) using a standardized method. In this study, 123 patients requiring MB were randomly assigned to receive MB using a repeated measures design. Mandibular block was administered in each patient by using 2.1 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100 000 epinephrine for the inferior alveolar nerve, lingual nerve, and/or buccal nerve. Clinical parameters including the electric pulp test and test for soft tissue sensation using a sharp dental explorer were assessed on both the operated side and contralateral side before and 5, 10, and 15 minutes after injection, and at the end of surgical procedure. Results of the test of the contralateral tooth served as the control group. No response to the electric pulp test at a maximum output (80 readings) was used as the criterion for pulpal anesthesia. Results obtained with electric pulp test and sharp explorer test were not significantly different during various intervals on the contralateral side, indicating the reliability of this standardized method for assessing MB. The MB technique achieved a high rate of subjective numbness (100%) according to the perception of the patients of overall numbness and lip numbness. Overall anesthetic success rates of pulpal anesthesia were 5.7% for the central incisor, 38.2% for the canine, 55.3% for the first premolar, and 90.2% for the first molar. No significant difference was found in the efficiency of anesthesia related to sex or age of the patients. A slower onset of pulpal anesthesia after MB was found for the anterior teeth than for the posterior teeth. This study suggests that the use of a standardized method might produce a clearer and more comprehensive evaluation of the efficiency and manifestations of MB.     

医药企业对电子商务营销模式的科学选择

根据电子商务在我国快速发展的形势，分析我国医药企业可选择的电子商务应用模式，研究企业进行模式选择时所需要考虑的因素，提醒医药企业选择电子商务模式时应依据自身特点积极稳妥地决策，切忌盲目一哄而上。     

Ruptured distal anterior choroidal artery aneurysm.

Ruptured aneurysms of the distal anterior choroidal artery (AchA) are extremely rare and management is dictated by clinical presentation. This report describes a rare patient with a distal AchA aneurysm and subarachnoid and intraventricular haemorrhage. A 60-year-old woman presented with a sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting. No aneurysms could be found on initial angiograms. A repeat angiogram performed 10 days after admission demonstrated an aneurysm in a branch of the cisternal segment of the left AchA without a definite neck. Surrounding vessels showed multifocal stricture and dilatation. Microsurgical clipping was not performed because the patient died suddenly due to pulmonary failure. The aetiology of the aneurysm in this case and surgical strategy are discussed.     

复方磷酸液治疗颌骨囊肿135例

目的用腔内注药法治疗颌骨囊肿代替手术摘除法,不破坏周围正常组织结构,不影响正常生理功能,不遗留疤痕畸形,不影响美容.即使巨大骨囊肿也无须植骨,不遗留骨质缺陷畸形.方法囊腔穿刺冲洗,注入复方磷酸液(Composite Phosphoric,CP液),5～10分钟后冲洗.结果注药后功能及生活无影响;囊腔愈合、骨化;松动牙固定;无感觉运动异常、功能障碍、残留疤痕及缺陷畸形.结论 CP液能使上皮细胞层凝固坏死,使之失去分泌与隔离功能,肉芽组织增生充满囊腔,骨腔骨化,恢复功能.     

Application of a pigment measuring device – Mexameter®– for the differential diagnosis of vitiligo and nevus depigmentosus

Background/purpose: Vitiligo and nevus depigmentosus (ND) present similar hypopigmented macules with significantly different prognoses. Although the distinction between the two diseases is important, differential diagnosis relies on medical history and physical examination, which is far from decisive in some cases. The Mexameter^® is an objective skin color-measuring device, and has been reported to provide a reproducible and sensitive means of quantifying small skin color differences. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of a Mexameter^® for discriminating these diseases.
Methods: A selection of 202 hypopigmented skin lesions (182 from vitiligo and 20 from ND) were the objects of this study. Using a Mexameter, MIs were obtained from lesions and symmetrically located control skin. RMIs, ratios of the MIs of lesional skins to control skins, were calculated.
Results: The mean MIs and RMIs were significantly different for vitiligo and ND. The mean RMI of ND lesions was 74±13, which was significantly higher than that of vitiligo lesions (50±24). No ND lesion had an RMI of <50%.
Conclusion: This study shows that the Mexameter^®, an objective pigment-measuring device, can be used to achieve a more accurate diagnosis of hypopigmentary disorders, and that the relative melanin index (RMI), which represents the relative pigment levels, might be a more effective parameter than the melanin index (MI) itself for comparing pigmentation differences.     

护理本科生创造性思维培训

[目的]对护理本科生实施创造性思维训练,并评估该训练方案的有效性。[方法]对20名护理本科生实施为期3个月的创造性思维培训,并与24名不接受培训者进行对照。采用《创造性思维练习》量表对培训前后学生的创造性思维进行测定。[结果]培训后实验组较对照组的创造性思维总分及流畅性得分有显著提高(P<0.05);变通性和独创性得分无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]创造性思维培训对提高护理本科生创造性思维总体有效,其中对提高创造性思维的流畅性效果显著。