三级质控体系应用于临床中护理的效果观察

质量是医院管理永恒的主题,护理质量是护理管理的核心[1]。护理质量控制是医院护理管理重要环节,也是为病人提供高质量护理服务的保证措施。我院为二级乙等医院,共有床位150张;病人来源广泛,主要来源于山西、陕西、内蒙等地,病种繁多,文化差异较大,决定了护理工作量大,并且难度     

中国三城市儿童步行者道路交通安全状况回顾性研究

目的了解北京、上海、广州三城市儿童步行安全状况及相关因素,为加强儿童道路交通伤害预防、干预提供科学依据。方法回顾性收集2000~2004年三城市交管部门14岁以下儿童步行者交通伤害发生资料。结果三城市5年间儿童步行者道路交通伤害发生率为14.93/10万,男女比例为1.79∶1,5~9岁为高发年龄,儿童步行者发生道路交通伤、亡的主要责任方为行人,受伤害儿童43.0%为轻伤,46.6%为重伤,10.4%为死亡。结论道路交通伤害严重威胁儿童安全与健康,儿童步行者发生道路交通伤害与多种因素有关,需社会各个部门参与预防。     

An analysis of ultrafiltration during acute peritoneal dialysis in rats

Transport into and from the peritoneal cavity is effected through separate membranes. Peritoneal function is the sum of the contributions of these membranes. The peritoneal dialysis membranes are defined as intestinal viscera and mesentery, parietal lining membrane, and liver and diaphragm. The present study was undertaken to determine which of these membranes participate in ultrafiltration during peritoneal dialysis. Studies were performed in rats using a hypertonic (1200 mOsm/L) dialysate solution containing 5.6% glucose, 2.8% amino acid, and electrolytes. Both intact and eviscerated rats were studied. The experiments were repeated in animals whose diaphragms were fibrotic and densely adherent to liver. Preparation of the diaphragm did not impact upon ultrafiltration. Ultrafiltration in controls (54 vs. 56 ml with and without a fibrotic diaphragm respectively) and in eviscerated groups (44 vs. 45 ml with and without a fibrotic diaphragm respectively) were not significantly different. However, controls had significantly more ultrafiltration than did eviscerated animals (p less than 0.01). The parietal viscera accounted for 56-59% of the ultrafiltration. This study demonstrates that both the intestinal viscera and parietal walls participate in ultrafiltration.     

Surgical treatment of hemolytic anemia

The therapeutic effect of splenectomy in 70 cases of hemolytic anemia are reported. The diagnosis and therapeutic effects were analysed. It was evident that the effects were related to different types of hemolytic anemia. The HS type had the best result. Gallstones were detected in 6 cases of this series. Splenectomy and cholecystectomy were performed together in 5 cases. The median incision of upper abdomen was selected. The authors believe that the causes of infection after splenectomy are complicated and they cannot be explained by Igs alone.     

Sinoatrial Node Electrogram Studies in Patients with Sick Sinus Syndrome

Sinoatrial node electrogram (SNE) was recorded successfully in recent years, using transvenous electrode catheter. Via SNE and intratrialelectrogram (IEG), one could measure sinoatrial conduction time(SACT) directly, observe sinoatrial node (SN) potential changes in cadiac cycles, diagnose some sinus arrhythmias which couldn't be confirmed by surface ECG. All these could offer accurate evidence for differential diagnosis of sick sinus syndrome (SSS). The authors recommend a modified method for the location of the electrode catheter, by which one can increase success rate of obtaining stable SNE. Using this method, the authors recorded SNE in 10 cases with SSS successfully.     

Reactive arthritis of the temporomandibular joints and cervical spine in a child

Background  

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis is frequently seen in children with chronic arthritis. It has rarely been described in a non-infectious acute setting. We report a case of reactive arthritis isolated to the TMJs and cervical spine.     

含L-4-氧代赖氨酸和N3-(4-甲氧基富马酰)-L-2,3-二氨基丙酸寡肽类似物的合成及其抗白念珠菌活性

运用“违法传递”概念，根据白念珠菌对寡肽的传送特点，设计并合成了８个含Ｌ４氧代赖氨酸（以下称Ｉ６７７）和Ｎ３（４甲氧基富马酰）Ｌ２，３二氨基丙酸（以下称ＦＭＤＰ）的寡肽类似物，均系新化合物。体外抗白念珠菌试验表明：Ｉ６７７ＦＭＤＰ肽（Ｉ６７７ＦＭＤＰ，Ｉ６７７ＡＡＦＭＤＰ，其中ＡＡ＝Ｎｖａ，Ｖａｌ，Ｌｅｕ，Ｐｈｅ，Ｐｒｏ，Ｄ，ＬｐＣｌＰｈｅ，ＤＰｇｌｙ）是Ｉ６７７单体摩尔活性的４０～７７０倍，是ＦＭＤＰ的６０～１１３０倍，其摩尔最低抑菌浓度为６５６×１０－９～３５×１０－１０ｍｏｌ·ｄｉｓｋ－１。羧肽酶Ａ存在时化合物Ｉ６７７ＦＭＤＰ体外抗菌试验表明，含ＦＭＤＰ的化合物Ｉ６７７ＦＭＤＰ能抵抗羧肽酶Ａ的酶解。     

TD清洗消毒剂对口腔科器械消毒效果探讨

通过实验室和口腔科临床观察表明:TD清洗消毒剂(氯化磷酸三钠)对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌和枯草杆菌黑色变种的平均杀菌率为100.0％,对口腔科器械消毒无菌率为100％,对被HBsAg阳性血清污染的器械浸泡30分钟转阴率为98.1％。其消毒效果优于新洁尔灭,与戊二醛相同。在口腔科使用两年,未见金属器械有锈斑生成。