家族性腺瘤性息肉病的临床研究进展

该文对家族性腺瘤性息肉病（familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP）近年来的临床诊断、预防和治疗等方面的现状及最新研究进展进行了综述。FAP为肿瘤的研究提供了一个理想的模型,其研究成果是进一步揭示肿瘤发生机制,并进行肿瘤预测、早期诊断和有效防治的重要依据。     

小组干预模式治疗大学生抑郁的效果

目的:探讨小组干预模式对大学生抑郁的干预效果,观察治疗前后组员的焦虑、抑郁、自我评价及行为改善情况,进行自身前后对照。方法:选择2004-05/07北京友谊医院临床心理科诊断为抑郁或抑郁状态的北京不同大学的1～4年级的在校学生10例。男5例,女5例,年龄19～24岁。采用小组治疗的方法对其进行干预。小组由组长和副组长两位治疗师带领,治疗1次/周,3h/次,干预8次。每次干预设有主题,采取半结构式治疗形式,安排活动,引发组员思考、讨论和领悟,并对组员引发出的问题给予关注和指导,去除一些情绪和不合理思维,增加彼此的共鸣与支持。治疗前后采用症状自评量表评估心理健康水平,采用焦虑自评量表评估患者的焦虑状态,采用抑郁自评量表评估患者抑郁程度,采用小组成员自我评价表进行成员的自我评定。数据进行配对t检验。结果:10例参加小组治疗的学生无脱落,全部进入结果分析。①小组治疗后症状自评量表的强迫因子评分比治疗前极显著降低(2.94±0.38,1.86±0.59,t=5.07,P<0.01),人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、偏执等因子评分比治疗前明显降低(t=2.83,3.90,3.53,3.28,P<0.05)。②治疗后焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表总分比较治疗前均显著降低(32.20±3.82,40.30±6.34,t=4.126,P<0.01;35.50±5.31,48.60±7.16,t=4.701,P<0.01)。③组员在对自己了解自己、了解别人、信赖自己、信任别人、关心别人、帮助别人、与他人沟通、与他人合作方面都有较高评价,自觉比以前开朗、自信,相信自己能够面对各种问题,掌握了一些调节情绪的技术和沟通的方法,对小组过程和活动比较喜欢。结论:小组治疗对于大学生抑郁是一种较有效的心理干预模式。治疗后小组成员自我评价升高,自觉有信心、有能力面对各种困难和问题。能有效改善抑郁大学生的情绪、行为、自我认知和应对模式。     

光固化胶粘剂性能的初步研究

目的：制备一种光固化纳米胶粘剂,对其性能进行初步研究。方法：正交法制备出多个胶粘剂样品,讨论各个因素对材料力学性能的影响,探索合适的配方比例和工艺参数。结果：光固化胶粘剂最优配比为引发剂Darocur1173含量占1％,纳米SiO2含量占50％,基质树脂与稀释单体（Bis—GMA：TEGDMA）的比例为1：1。结论：制备的光固化胶粘剂配方的综合性能最优,可应用于临床。     

种植义齿缓冲单元材料特性对缓冲效果的影响

目的：探究动态载荷作用下种植义齿缓冲单元不同的材料特性对应力吸收效果的影响。方法：在传统种植体与基台之间设计硅橡胶缓冲单元,利用abaqus有限元分析软件建立三维有限元模型,分别赋予缓冲单元材料不同弹性模量值,分析比较动态载荷作用下种植体-骨界面的应力分布。结果：缓冲材料弹性模量不同,种植体-骨界面的应力分布不同,弹性模量值在10~23MPa范围内时缓冲效果较好。结论：带有缓冲单元的新型种植体系统可减小皮质骨内的应力峰值,并且材料的弹性模量对缓冲效果有影响,在一定范围内,材料的弹性模量越小,缓冲效果越好。     

伤口湿性愈合理论的临床应用进展

伤口可定义为由机械、电、热、化学等因素造成的或因生理变态形成的皮肤缺陷[1]。20世纪70年代以来,国内外在伤口愈合方面提出了许多新的概念和治疗方法,新型保湿敷料不断进入医疗市场,提出了湿性愈合的新理念[2]。此理念已被临床广泛地运用于包括手术切口、     

泄浊解毒方对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-10及结肠黏膜CD14的影响

目的:通过动物实验证实泄浊解毒方对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠治疗有效,并探讨其可能作用机制。方法:将40只实验大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、柳氮磺吡啶组、中药高、低剂量组5组,除空白组外,其余4组均采用TNBS/乙醇联合造模法制造UC模型。分组灌胃治疗14 d后,分别检测大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-10、结肠黏膜CD14含量。结果:模型组较空白组IL-1β、CD14表达明显升高,IL-10表达明显下降,差异有显著性(P0.05);中药高、低剂量组、柳氮磺吡啶组较模型组IL-1β、CD14表达明显下降,IL-10表达明显升高,差异有显著性(P0.05);中药高剂量组较柳氮磺吡啶组、中药低剂量组IL-1β、CD14表达明显下降,IL-10表达明显升高,差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论:泄浊解毒方干预UC大鼠可降低血清IL-1β、升高血清IL-10、下调结肠黏膜CD14表达,这可能是其作用机制之一。     

������þ��ҩ��ѧ����Ӧ���о���չ

??The research progress of the application of magnesium aluminum silicate in pharmaceutics was reviewed in this paper. We introduced the physiochemical properties and safety profile evaluations of magnesium aluminum silicate firstly. Then the research progress of the application of magnesium aluminum silicate was reviewed from the following five aspects: firstly, improving the fluidity of powder, increasing the hardness of tablets as well as preventingpowder from moisture caking; secondly, powdering oil-like drugs;thirdly, grinding poorly water-soluble crystalline drugs with magnesium aluminum silicate to form amorphous products, which can improve the dissolution rate of the drugs. In addition, the paper also reviewed the applications of magnesium aluminum silicate in solid dispersions, designing of sustained release formulations and so on.     

�Ȼ���̼���׹ܸ��ع�ʶ��ص��Ʊ���͸Ƥ�����о�

??OBJECTIVE To study the preparation of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes loaded with podophyllotoxin (PPT-CNTs-COOH) as well as the characteristics of the in vitro transdermal penetration.METHODS PPT-CNTs-COOH was prepared by freezing milling method; IR, UV, XRD, and TGA were used to characterize the PPT-CNTs-COOH; HPLC method was used for determination of the content of podophyllotoxin loaded in the carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes; franze diffusion cells method was used to determine the drug transdermal penetration rate.RESULTS The IR spectrum of PPT-CNTs-COOH showed the main absorption peaks of PPT and CNTs-COOH and the peaks changed obviously. Compared with free PPT, the UV absorption peaks of PPT-CNTs-COOH changed obviously. The PPT content in the CNTs-COOH gel was 58.0 ??g??mg^-1; the transdermal penetration rate of PPT gel was 7.08 ??g??cm^-2??h^-1 and that of the PPT-CNTs-COOH gel was 3.03 ??g??cm^-2??h^-1; the skin retention of PPT-CNTs-COOH gel was 3.04 ??g??cm^-2, far less than the 1.52 ??g??cm^-2 of PPT gel. Mild irritation developed within 24 h following removal of the PPT-CNTs-COOH gel, and disappears after 72 h.CONCLUSION Podophyllotoxin can successfully be loaded into the carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotubes by using the frozen ball milling method. The product has remarkable sustained release effect in vitro and high retention in skin, which is beneficial to transdermal delivery.     

Inflammation Level after Decompression Surgery for a Rat Model of Chronic Severe Spinal Cord Compression and Effects on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Delayed neurological deterioration in the absence of direct spinal cord insult following surgical decompression is a severe postoperative complication in patients with chronic severe spinal cord compression (SCC). The spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has been verified as a potential etiology of the complication. However, the exact pathophysiologic mechanisms of the decompression-related IRI remain to be defined. In this study, we developed a practical rat model of chronic severe SCC. To explore the underlying role of inflammation in decompression-related IRI, immunoreactivity of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) before and after decompression were measured. In addition, expression level of TNF-α and IL-1β was examined with Western blot. Immunohistochemical staining showed negative result in gray matters in the sham group and sham-decompression group. In the severe compression group, strong positive staining of TNF-α and IL-1β were found, suggesting a dramatic infiltration of inflammatory cells in gray matters. Furthermore, the severe compression group showed a significant increase in expression level of TNF-α and IL-1β as compared with the sham group (p < 0.05). In the severe compression-decompression group, both immunostaining and Western blot showed significant increase of TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the spinal cord compared with the severe compression group (p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that surgical decompression plays a stimulative role in inflammation through increasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the rat model of chronic severe SCC injury. Inflammation may be one of the important pathological mechanisms of decompression-related IRI of chronic ischemia.     

���ϸ����̬ѧ�������������С����Ѫ��ļ�ֵ

??Abstract?? Urinary erythrocyte morphology??UEM?? analysis is the most commonly used clinical examination method to identify the sources of hematuria??with characteristics of being simple?? practical?? reliable and noninvasive. Because of the limitations of the method itself and some interference factors ??such as urine specific gravity?? urine pH and diuretic therapy?? etc.???? there may be false negative results in the diagnosis of glomerular hematuria with UEM. UEM analysis combined with other hematuria positioning method or indicators could reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in clinical work.