涎腺腺样囊性癌中p16蛋白,增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)染色与病理分型、神经侵犯和复发的关系

目的 :探讨涎腺腺样囊性癌中 p16蛋白与PCNA在染色与病理分型、神经侵犯、复发中的关系。 方法 :利用免疫组化SP法 ,对 5例正常涎腺组织和 3 6例涎腺腺样囊性癌组织p16蛋白及PCNA染色进行检测 ,并对患者进行 10年随访观察。结果 :3 6例腺样囊性癌中 ,不同病理分型癌细胞组织中 p16蛋白阳性染色率间差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,PCNA阳性染色率间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,有无神经侵犯癌组织中 p16蛋白阳性染色率间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。有无复发癌组织中p16蛋白阳性染色率间差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。PCNA阳性染色率间差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :p16基因突变、缺失与腺样囊性癌病理类型有关 ,其表达水平反映肿瘤组织分化程度。p16蛋白及PCNA表达水平可以作为临床评价肿瘤侵袭性和预测复发的指标     

Establishment of cell free conversion system with biotin-labelled recombinant PrPsen expressed in E. coli

Objective To report a protocol using biotin-labelled PrP protein in cell free conversion assay instead of isotope. Methods A hamster PrP protein （HaPrP） was expressed in E. coli and purified with HIS-tag affinity chromatograph. After being labelled with biotin, HaPrP was mixed with PrP^sen preparation from scrapie strain 263K. Results Protease-resistant bands were detected after four-day incubation. Conclusion The new conversion model provides a reliable, easily handling, and environment-friendly method for studies of prion and transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.     

营养治疗在胰腺癌患者围术期的应用研究进展

胰腺癌围术期患者由于各种因素易出现营养不良.营养治疗对疾病发生、发展的影响越来越受到临床重视,提高患者术前和术后的营养状况可使更多患者受益.本文主要从围术期的全面性营养评估、术前及术后营养治疗进展和术后主要并发症等方面进行综述,以期更好地指导临床工作.     

158例糖尿病足病原菌分布与创面特点的关系

目的 分析糖尿病足住院患者创面的病原菌分布、药敏情况及其与创面特点之间的关系.方法 选取2017年1月至2019年12月该院急诊外科糖尿病足住院患者158例作为观察对象,取足部创面深部组织,行微生物培养及药敏试验.结果 糖尿病足患者Wagner2、3级创面革兰阳性菌菌株(2级22株,3级30株)多于革兰阴性菌菌株及真菌,Wagner4级创面革兰阴性菌菌株(44株)多于革兰阳性菌菌株及真菌,Wagner 5级共培养细菌2株均为革兰阴性菌.革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、替考拉林、利奈唑胺、替甲环素的敏感度为100％,革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、庆大霉素、氨基糖苷类的敏感度较高.结论 糖尿病足患者创面病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主,糖尿病足Wagner分级越高,革兰阴性细菌、真菌感染率逐渐升高.     

几种消毒剂对藻酸盐印模材料的消毒效果

作者为了选择对藻酸盐印模材料有效的消毒剂和消毒方法，采用２％碱性戊二醛、１％过氧乙酸、２％甲醛对３０名受试者的藻酸盐印模进行消毒，并在消毒前后进行细菌培养及鉴定。结果发现：消毒前的印模有９种细菌被检出，污染率高达９６％；消毒后的印模细菌检出率为零。作者认为，本研究所用消毒剂、消毒方法效果良好，值得沿用。     

Inverted U-Shaped Associations between Glycemic Indices and Serum Uric Acid Levels in the General Chinese Population: Findings from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study

Objective The relationship between serum uric acid(SUA)levels and glycemic indices,including plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postload glucose(2 h-PG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1 c),remains inconclusive.We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population.Methods The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study.A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged≥40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment.The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models.Results A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis.Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels,but with different inflection points in men and women.The thresholds for FPG,2 h-PG,and HbA1 c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L,11.0/14.0 mmol/L,and 6.1/6.5,respectively(SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices).Conclusion An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes,while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.     

Combined Effect of Smoking and Obesity on Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in Male Veterans: A 30-year Cohort Study

Objective Evidence is lacking regarding the combined effects of smoking and obesity on mortality from coronary heart disease in male veterans.This study aimed to explore the combined effect of smoking and obesity on coronary heart disease mortality in male veterans in China.Methods A cohort of 1,268 male veterans from 22 veteran centers in Xi’an(Shaanxi Province,China)were followed up once every 2 years from February 1,1987 to October 30,2016.The endpoint was death from any cause.The hazard ratio(HR)of each risk factor and the 95%confidence interval(CI)were calculated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.Results The total follow-up was 24394.21 person-years;each subject was followed up for a mean duration of 19.24 years.By the end of the study,of the 1,268 veterans,889 had died,363 were alive,and 16 were lost to follow-up.Cox regression analysis results revealed that current smoking(HR:1.552,95%CI:1.074–2.243),obesity(HR:1.625,95%CI:1.024–2.581),and the combined effect of the two factors(HR:2.828,95%CI:1.520–5.262)were associated with coronary heart disease mortality.Conclusion Our results suggest that obese veterans who smoke might be an important target population for coronary heart disease mortality control.     

Comparative Study of the Genetic Diversity,Antimicrobial Resistance,and Pathogenicity of Aeromonas Isolates from Clinical Patients and Healthy Individuals

Objective This study was performed to compare the genetic diversity, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas strains isolated from patients and healthy individuals. Methods A total of 38 clinical strains and 19 strains from healthy individuals were isolated from the samples collected in Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province. Their taxonomy was investigated using concatenated gyrB-cpn60 sequences, and their resistance to 12 antibiotics was evaluated. The pathogenicity of these strains was examined through beta-hemolysis, protease activity, and virulence gene assays. Results The 57 Aeromonas strains were divided into 55 sequence types. Of these types, 21 were novel, suggesting that their genetic diversity was high. These Aeromonas isolates could be divided into 7 species, and the positive rates of beta-hemolysis and protease activity were 49.1％ and 73.7％, respectively. The detection rate of clinical patients in terms of beta-hemolysis and protease activity was higher than that of healthy individuals. Among the four most common Aeromonas strains, A. dhakensis had the highest detection rate of virulence genes. The multidrug resistance rate of the clinical isolates was much higher than that of the strains isolated from healthy individuals. Conclusions The taxonomy, virulence properties, and antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas isolates from patients differ from those of the isolates from healthy individuals.     

胃窗超声造影与双重超声造影在胃癌分期及胃间叶源性肿瘤检出的临床价值

目的:探讨胃窗超声造影与双重超声造影用于胃癌分期判断及胃间叶源性肿瘤检出的临床价值.方法:选择42例胃癌患者及31例胃间叶源性肿瘤患者作为研究对象,均进行胃窗超声造影和双重超声造影,比较不同造影方法的诊断价值.结果:胃窗超声造影对T1期、T2期、T3期及T4期胃癌诊断准确率为55.5％、66.7％、66.7％、66.7％.超声双重造影对T1期、T2期、T3期及T4期胃癌诊断准确率分别为77.8％、94.4％、88.9％和83.3％.胃窗超声造影和双重超声造影对胃间叶源性肿瘤的检出率分别为93.5％和74.2％.胃窗超声造影对胃癌病理T分期诊断准确率低于双重超声造影(P<0.05),双重超声造影的敏感性、特异性均高于胃窗超声造影(P<0.05).结论:双重超声造影对胃癌病理分期的诊断准确率和对胃间质叶源性肿瘤的检出率均较高,可在临床推广应用.