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Dmitry Nepomnayshy Walid Hesham Brandon Erickson Julie MacDonald Richard Iorio David Brams 《Obesity surgery》2013,23(3):287-291
Background
Because perioperative complications of unrecognized obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can be severe, many bariatric surgery programs routinely screen all patients. However, many obese non-bariatric surgery patients do not get screened. We wanted to evaluate the need for routine preoperative OSA screening.Methods
Morbidly obese patients with a body mass index (BMI)?>?40 kg/m2 undergoing bariatric surgery—all screened for OSA—were compared to morbidly obese orthopedic lower extremity total joint replacements (TJR) patients—not screened for OSA. Cardio-pulmonary complications were recorded.Results
Eight hundred eighty-two morbidly obese patients undergoing either bariatric (n?=?467) or orthopedic TJR surgery (n?=?415) were compared. As a result of screening, 119 bariatric surgery patients (25.5 %) were newly diagnosed with OSA, bringing the incidence to 42.8 % (200/467). Orthopedic surgery group had 72 of 415 (17.3 %) patients with pre-existing OSA. The unscreened orthopedic patients had a 6.7 % (23/343) cardiopulmonary complications rate compared to 2.6 % (7/267) for screened bariatric surgery patients. This difference was not statistically significant when adjusted for age and comorbidity (p?=?0.3383).Conclusion
Sleep apnea screening prior to bariatric surgery identifies an additional 25 % of patients as having OSA. In this study, unscreened morbidly obese patients did not have an increased incidence of cardiopulmonary complications after surgery compared to screened patients. Prospective randomized studies should be conducted to definitively assess utility and cost effectiveness of routine OSA screening of all morbidly obese patients undergoing surgery. Preoperative OSA screening may be safely omitted when randomizing patients for such a trial. 相似文献53.
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Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are widely used in nanomedicine and consuming products with potential risk to human health. While considerable work was carried out on the molecular, biochemical, and physiological alterations induced by these particles, little is known of the ultrastructural pathological alterations that might be induced by nanosilver materials. The aim of the present work is to investigate the hepatocyte ultrastructural alterations that might be induced by SNP exposure. Male rats were subjected to a daily single dose (2 mg/kg) of SNPs (15–35 nm diameter) for 21 days. Liver biopsies from all rats under study were processed for transmission electron microscopy examination. The following hepatic ultrastructural alterations were demonstrated: mitochondria swelling and crystolysis, endoplasmic reticulum disruption, cytoplasmic vacuolization, lipid droplets accumulation, glycogen depletion, karyopyknosis, apoptosis, sinusoidal dilatation, Kupffer cells activation, and myelin figures formation. The current findings may indicate that SNPs can induce hepatocyte organelles alteration, leading to cellular damage that may affect the function of the liver. These findings might indicate that SNPs potentially trigger heptocyte ultrastructural alterations that may affect the function of the liver with potential risk on human health in relation to numerous applications of these particles. More work is needed to elucidate probable ultrastructural alterations in the vital organs that might result from nanosilver toxicity. 相似文献
56.
Taylor RM Maaty WS Lord CI Hamilton T Burritt JB Bothner B Jesaitis AJ 《Molecular immunology》2007,44(4):625-637
The integral membrane protein flavocytochrome b (Cyt b) is the catalytic core of the NADPH oxidase complex, a multicomponent enzyme system that initiates a cascade of reactive oxygen species that play a critical role in innate immunity and vascular physiology. Epitope-mapped, monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that recognize the large (gp91phox) and small (p22phox) subunits of Cyt b provide valuable reagents that have been used to examine structural and mechanistic aspects of oxidase function. In the present study, the heavy and light chain variable region genes of the Cyt b-specific mAbs 44.1, NS5, and NL7 have been amplified by RT-PCR, cloned and subject to DNA sequence analysis. Since the 5' degenerate primer sets used for mAb gene amplification were observed to introduce extensive heterogeneity into the heavy and light chain FR1 regions, N-terminal protein sequence analysis was also conducted to obtain the correct amino acid sequence of this region. In order to confirm the identity of the cloned genes, intact mAbs were resolved by two-dimensional electrophoresis and subject to in-gel tryptic digestion for analysis by both MALDI and nanospray LC-MS/MS. Databases searches using the derived mAb sequences predicted residues comprising CDR loops, identified candidate germline genes, and showed the respective germline genes to accurately predict the N-terminal amino acid residues for each variable region. The above studies report the amino acid sequence of Cyt b-specific mAb variable region genes with high confidence and provide essential information for future efforts at Cyt b structure analysis by resonance energy transfer and X-ray crystallography. 相似文献
57.
Khawla Abu Hammour Mariam Abdel Jalil Walid Abu Hammour 《Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal》2018,26(6):780-785
Objectives
The present study aimed to evaluate the parents' knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards the use of antibiotics for childhood upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), at the Jordanian University Hospital.Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. During the study period, 1301 parents of young children completed a validated – structured questionnaire.Results
Gaps in common knowledge related to antibiotics and their use were noted among participants. Nearly half of respondents believed that antibiotics are void from adverse effects, while 72.4% of them believed that a child should be given an antibiotic if it develops fever, even though 60% they were aware that most URTIs were viral in nature. Parents reported that they administered antibiotics to children without medical advice most of the time for various causes, including using a previously prescribed antibiotic for a similar illness (27.1%), or based on pharmacist's recommendation (23.8%).Conclusion
The results demonstrated the need for educational interventions to increase the awareness of parents about antibiotics to reduce inappropriate use and its consequences. 相似文献58.
59.
Elnaggar Ragab K. Mahmoud Waleed S. Abdelbasset Walid K. Alqahtani Bader A. Alrawaili Saud M. Elfakharany Mahmoud S. 《Lasers in medical science》2022,37(3):1737-1746
Lasers in Medical Science - Patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) always experience persistent pain and stiffness which induces muscle weakness, fatigue, and functional limitations.... 相似文献
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