Attitudes towards mental illness: testing the contact hypothesis among Chinese student nurses in Hong Kong

This study investigated whether previous contact with mental illness affected the attitudes to mental illness (AMI) of general student nurses in Hong Kong — the contact hypothesis. We employed a quasi-experimental design. We compared the attitudes to mental illness of students who had previous contact with mental illness through having taken a psychiatric secondment with those who had not taken a psychiatric secondment. Also, we compared the AMI of: students who had taken other courses related to mental illness with those who had not; those who had a family history of mental illness with those who had not; and those who lived with a mentally ill relative with those who did not. We found that previous contact with mental illness had no significant effect on the attitudes to mental illness of the students. In other words our findings do not support the contact hypothesis. Our sample expressed positive general attitudes to mental illness when presented with general issues about mental illness. However, their attitudes were less positive when presented with specific issues about mental illness that might impinge upon their daily lives. We discuss the implications of these findings for mental health nursing practice, education and research.     

Homogeneously staining region in anthracycline-resistant HL-60/AR cells not associated with MDR1 amplification.

Anthracycline-resistant HL-60/AR cells and their drug-sensitive HL-60/S counterparts were characterized by karyotypic analysis and examined for the overexpression of DNA and mRNA sequences coding for P-glycoprotein (Pgp). The HL-60/S cells were karyotypically stable over a 5-year period of study (1986-1991), except for an additional small Giemsa-positive band noted at 7q22 in cultures harvested in 1987, but not in 1986. This change did not affect drug sensitivity. The drug-resistant HL-60/AR cells examined in 1986, 1987, and 1991 demonstrated a very stable karyotype. The most striking feature was a large homogeneously staining region in the long arm of chromosome 7 (7q11.2), and translocation of the remainder of the long arm to another centromere. Other changes in the HL-60/AR cells included inversion in 9q, partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 10p, addition of material to the p arm of der(16), loss of chromosome 22, and the appearance of a new marker chromosome. Both HL-60/S and the HL-60/AR cells were found not to amplify DNA or mRNA sequences coding for the Pgp. Thus, although the HL-60/AR cells possess the classical multidrug resistance phenotype and demonstrate a homogeneously staining region near the region of the MDR1 gene, their resistance is due to mechanisms other than those coded for by MDR1.     

新式约束带在神经外科手术病人中的应用

在崇尚医学美学的今天,手术室护理人员通过数届"护理审美"活动的研讨,我院神经外科专科组成员针对放置体位规范化的要求和对美学的理解,敢于在日常护理工作中发现问题,探究原因,自行设计新式约束带,改进以往在放置神经外科侧卧位时,约束病人的不规范,以及约束病人肢体时重复劳动的烦琐,给临床护理工作带来了便捷.     

Antibiotic use during major head and neck surgery.

The appropriate use of prophylactic antimicrobial therapy in patients undergoing major contaminated surgery is an important issue for the head and neck surgeon. A series of five sequential, prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trials of antibiotics for patients undergoing major contaminated oncologic head and neck surgery are reviewed and summarized. The information generated from the study of these 547 patients indicates that a number of drugs or drug combinations have similar efficacy when employed in adequate dosage. The bacteriologic spectrum of the prophylactic drug should include oral microflora, especially anaerobic bacteria. The administration of antibiotics effective against gram-negative aerobic bacteria may be unnecessary. Perioperative antibiotic administration should be initiated prior to surgery. To date, no evidence exists to support prolonged administration of antibiotics beyond the first 24 hours following surgery.     

腮腺导管癌的临床病理特征分析--附1例报告及文献复习

目的:结合文献探讨腮腺导管癌的临床病理特征。方法:报道1例腮腺导管癌，就本病的临床生物学特征、病理、治疗及预后进行总结分析。结果:经手术及放疗后3个月复查，出现同侧颈部淋巴结转移。结论:腮腺导管癌是一类恶性度很高的恶性肿瘤，诊断主要依靠术后病理学及免疫组织化学检查，以局部广泛切除加颈廓清术为主，术后给予放疗。