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91.
Iman Al‐Saleh Andrew Taylor Richard Hinton 《International journal of environmental health research》1992,2(4):184-191
Erythrocyte protoporphyrin and blood lead concentrations were measured in samples from 583 Saudi children attending the outpatient clinics. Erythrocyte protoporphyrin concentrations showed poor correlation with blood lead concentrations of 25 ug dl?1 and below. Measurement of erythrocyte protoporphyrin as a primary test for lead exposure is not recommended. 相似文献
92.
Rats with lesions of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) maintain a reduced body protein mass that they effectively defend when challenged by under- or over-nutrition. The two studies reported here evaluate the potential contributions of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and the insulin-like growth factor-binding (IGFBP) to this persistent maintenance of a reduced body protein mass by LH rats. At 18 weeks postlesion, it was found that the serum levels of GH, IGF-1, total IGFBP, and IGFBP-3 of LH rats maintaining reduced body protein were not different from those of age-matched controls. However, closer to the time of surgery, at which time the lesion-induced body protein adjustments are known to occur, altered hormone and binding protein levels were observed. Specifically, at 3 weeks after lesioning, the IGF-binding proteins of LH rats were significantly elevated, whereas their GH levels were lower than those of controls. Because the GH, IGF-1, and IGF-binding proteins of LH rats were comparable to those of controls at 18 weeks after lesioning, none apparently underlie the chronically reduced body protein mass that LH rats display. Closer to the time of lesioning, however, altered GH and IGF binding protein levels may contribute to the postlesion adjustments by which the body protein mass of LH rats is lowered to its reduced level. 相似文献
93.
The effects of antioxidant supplementation during Percoll preparation on human sperm DNA integrity 总被引:20,自引:6,他引:20
Hughes CM; Lewis SE; McKelvey-Martin VJ; Thompson W 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(5):1240-1247
The integrity of sperm DNA is crucial for the maintenance of genetic
health. A major source of damage is reactive oxygen species (ROS)
generation; therefore, antioxidants may afford protection to sperm DNA. The
objectives of the study were, first, to measure the effects of antioxidant
supplementation in vitro on endogenous DNA damage in spermatozoa using the
single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay and, second, to assess the
effect of antioxidant supplementation given prior to X-ray irradiation on
induced DNA damage. Spermatozoa from 150 patients were prepared by Percoll
centrifugation in the presence of ascorbic acid (300, 600 microM), alpha
tocopherol (30, 60 microM), urate (200, 400 microM), or acetyl cysteine (5,
10 microM). DNA damage was induced by 30 Gy X-irradiation. DNA strand
breakage was measured using the comet assay. Sperm DNA was protected from
DNA damage by ascorbic acid (600 microM), alpha tocopherol (30 and 60
microM) and urate (400 microM). These antioxidants provided protection from
subsequent DNA damage by X-ray irradiation. In contrast, acetyl cysteine or
ascorbate and alpha tocopherol together induced further DNA damage.
Supplementation in vitro with the antioxidants ascorbate, urate and alpha
tocopherol separately has beneficial effects for sperm DNA integrity.
相似文献
94.
95.
Benjamin T. Kopp Alice Hinton Rong Lu Sarah Cooper Haikady Nagaraja Mary Ellen Wewers 《Academic pediatrics》2018,18(8):920-927
Objectives
Secondhand smoke exposure in children is changing as a result of new public policy and electronic nicotine products (e-cigarettes). We examined factors related to self-imposed indoor household tobacco restrictions, with emphasis on children in the household and associations with combustible and noncombustible product use.Methods
A cross-sectional survey of urban and rural Ohio adult tobacco users classified participants as exclusive combustible users, smokeless tobacco (SLT) users, e-cigarette users, or dual users. They were further stratified according to combustible or noncombustible product use and the presence of indoor tobacco use restrictions. Multiple logistic regression determined factors associated with indoor tobacco restrictions.Results
A total of 1210 tobacco users participated, including 25.7% with children living in the home. Half allowed combustible and two thirds allowed noncombustible tobacco use indoors. Urban location (odds ratio [OR]?=?1.58), younger age (OR?=?0.88 per 5 year), male sex (OR?=?1.40), college education (OR?=?1.40), household income?of more than $15,000 (OR?=?1.78), and being married (OR?=?2.43) were associated with a higher likelihood of banning combustible products indoors. SLT (OR?=?8.12) and e-cigarette (OR?=?5.85) users were more likely to have indoor bans compared to combustible users. Children in the household (OR?=?1.89), older age (OR?=?1.12 per 5 years), and nonwhite race (OR?=?1.68) were associated with a higher likelihood of banning noncombustible products indoors. Combustible (OR?=?4.54) and e-cigarette (OR?=?3.04) users were more likely than SLT users to have indoor bans.Conclusions
Indoor restrictions on tobacco use remain infrequent in homes with children and are associated with user type and socioeconomic factors. Public policy should target modifiable risk factors for in-home secondhand smoke exposure. 相似文献96.
A E Hinton D King 《Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries》1989,15(4):248-249
An example of anterior dislocation of the shoulder resulting from the positioning of a patient for skin grafting of burns is presented. Complications of positioning patients prone and with their arms abducted and practical measures for their avoidance are discussed. 相似文献
97.
R E Morrissey W P Norred D M Hinton R J Cole J W Dorner 《Food and chemical toxicology》1987,25(11):837-842
This study was conducted to determine whether exposure to cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) would alter the toxicity associated with exposure to either toxin individually. Groups of male rats were administered 0, 0.1 or 4.0 mg CPA/kg body weight/day intragastrically (three groups per dose level) for three consecutive days and 30 min after each of these CPA doses the rats were dosed by gavage with 0, 0.1 or 2.0 mg AFB1/kg body weight/day. Six of the 12 rats given each of these nine treatments were killed on day 4 after the initial dosing, and the rest were allowed a recovery period of 4 days prior to being killed. Weight loss in the three groups receiving 2.0 mg AFB1/kg/day occurred within 24 hr of the first doses. Feed consumption by these rats was about 60% of that in the other groups. By the end of the recovery period, rats in these three groups had lost an average of 31-38 g. Feed consumption throughout the recovery period by rats in the 2.0-mg AFB1 groups was about 50% of the control value, except in the group that also received the high dose of CPA, in which it was 75%. Gross pathological findings were primarily limited to rats in the high AFB1 group, and included icterus, shrunken liver and lesions in the kidney at the cortico-medullary junction. Microscopic changes were characteristic of aflatoxicosis in rats. Glycocholic acid assays indicated liver damage only in those groups that received the high AFB1 dose. We conclude that neither toxin potentiates the action of the other at the dose levels used in this study. 相似文献
98.
99.
Hinton JW 《Annals of surgery》1929,90(3):351-356
100.
Intrauterine spermatic cord torsion in the newborn: sonographic and pathologic correlation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In five newborn patients with spermatic cord torsion, sonography demonstrated an enlarged and globular testis, hydrocele, and skin thickening. In four of these patients the testicular parenchyma was heterogeneous. Peripheral hypoechoic areas were seen in two of the four patients; the other two had a central hypoechoic region and a peripheral echogenic rim. The testis in the fifth patient was diffusely hyperechoic. Duplex Doppler sonography performed in two patients failed to demonstrate any signal in the spermatic cord in either the abnormal or contralateral hemiscrotum. Scintigraphic findings were positive for testicular torsion in two patients and equivocal in three patients. Surgery was performed 2-12 days after sonography and established the diagnosis of spermatic cord torsion. Pathologic examination demonstrated hemorrhagic infarction of the entire testis as well as scattered calcifications. The authors conclude that a solid globular testicular mass seen during the neonatal period is suggestive of intrauterine spermatic cord torsion. 相似文献