正畸疼痛的影响因素及临床表现

目的探讨正畸治疗中患者疼痛的影响因素、临床表现;为预防和治疗提供方法依据。方法对59例接受正畸治疗的患者进行综合问卷随访调查,将患者按年龄(青少年组和成人组)和性别分组,影响因素为社会主观因素(心理焦虑恐惧、文化程度、职业)和自然客观因素(畸形程度);临床表现由无疼痛、疼痛开始的部位、强度、时间、持续时间、结束时间表示。χ2检验和方差统计分析比较各年龄组和男女性别组的不同影响因素和临床表现的差异。结果青少年组正畸重度疼痛与心理焦虑恐惧、文化程度、职业各项均无关(P>0.05),而与畸形程度相关(P<0.05);畸形越明显疼痛越严重。成人则相反,其疼痛与社会因素均相关(P<0.05),而与本身的畸形程度无相关(P>0.05);在青少年组和成人组中,男女各项因素比较均无显著相关(P>0.05)。结论正畸治疗患者疼痛在青少年与患者病变本身的严重程度有关,与社会因素无关;而成人则主要与社会主观因素有关与病变本身相关不明显。年龄是而性别不是正畸疼痛的影响因素。     

噬菌体变色法检测结核分枝杆菌

目的建立一种结核分枝杆菌快速检测方法。方法痰标本常规处理,离心集菌,取100μl于试管中,另一支加入标准株H37Rv结核分枝杆菌作阳性对照。两支试管分别加入噬菌体D29,37℃培养,用硫酸亚铁铵杀死结核分枝杆菌菌体外的噬菌体,柠檬酸三钠和氯化钙混和液中和硫酸亚铁铵。加入耻垢分枝杆菌和硝酸钾,37℃培养过夜,加入显色剂显色。同时用罗氏培养方法对照检测。结果临床标本的噬菌体变色法和罗氏培养法表明两方法结果具有一致性(P0.05)。结论噬菌体变色法可作为结核分枝杆菌的快速检测方法之一。     

针灸治疗脑卒中痉挛性偏瘫的临床研究进展

近年来,脑卒中后痉挛性偏瘫的治疗受到重视,针灸作为一种有效的方法报道较多,本文总结了近年来关于针灸治疗脑卒中后痉挛性偏瘫的现状和进展,从取穴、针法、针灸结合其他方法等方面进行综述,认为针灸能够缓解脑卒中后痉挛性瘫痪状态,而且疗效好、无不良反应,并提出优化选穴、规范临床试验设计、统一疗效标准、进行机制研究等建议。     

Dermoscopic Features of Difficult Melanoma

BACKGROUND: The dermoscopic diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma (CM) may be difficult because some CM lack specific dermoscopic features for melanoma diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether a diagnosis of CM could be achieved using the classic dermoscopic melanoma-specific criteria, we conducted a retrospective multicenter study of 508 CM samples. METHODS: All the dermoscopic images were analyzed to identify the dermoscopic criteria found in dermoscopically difficult melanomas (DDM) and to examine the possible relation of dermoscopic diagnosis with respect to the difficulty of the dermoscopic diagnosis and the melanoma thickness. RESULTS: A significant percentage of melanomas, 89 of 508 (17.5%), were DDM. The criteria leading to a significant increased risk of DDM were presence of streaks [odds ratio (OR), 2.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-4.47), absence or presence of regular pigmentation (OR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.70-6.85), absence of a blue-whitish veil (OR, 4.04; 95% CI, 2.33-6.99), absence of regression structures (OR, 4.31; 95% CI, 2.42-7.66), and the presence of hypopigmentation (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.49-4.58). CONCLUSION: A significant number of melanomas defy even dermoscopic diagnosis. Only a meticulous comparative and interactive process based on an assessment of all the individual's other nevi ("ugly ducking" sign) and a knowledge about recent changes can lead to the recognition of DDM.     

miR-95与胃癌细胞洛铂 敏感性的关系及 作用机制研究

目的：探讨miR-95与胃癌细胞洛铂敏感性的关系及作用机制。方法：收集30例手术切除的胃癌组织及癌旁组织标本,实时定量PCR（qPCR）法检测组织中miR-95的表达情况,CCK-8法检测洛铂对胃癌组织细胞的体外抑制率。采用miR-95抑制物（anti-miR-95）和miR-95模拟物（miR-95 mimics）分别转染人胃癌细胞株SGC7901,检测转染前后细胞对洛铂敏感性的变化;采用qPCR及Western blot法检测细胞耐药相关基因MDR1、GST-π、LRP、Survivin、xIAP、Bad mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果：qPCR检测结果显示,30例胃癌组织miR-95的相对表达水平（0.106±0.023）显著高于癌旁组织（0.046±0.025）（P < 0.05）。以miR-95表达均值为界将胃癌组织分为miR-95高表达组17例,低表达组13例。洛铂对miR-95表达水平高的胃癌细胞的抑制率低于miR-95低水平者（P < 0.05）。anti-miR-95转染后,SGC7901细胞对洛铂的敏感性明显增高（P < 0.01）,耐药相关基因MDR1、Survivin、xIAP mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显降低（P < 0.05）,而Bad mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显增高（P < 0.05）。miR-95 mimics转染后,洛铂对SGC7901细胞的抑制率明显增加（P < 0.01）,耐药相关基因MDR1、Survivin、xIAP mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显升高（P < 0.05）,而Bad mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显降低（P < 0.05）。结论：miR-95通过调节一些耐药基因的表达影响胃癌组织和细胞对洛铂的敏感性。     

Lutein/zeaxanthin isomers regulate neurotrophic factors and synaptic plasticity in trained rats

Background/aim This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of lutein/zeaxanthin isomers (L/Zi) on lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, NF-κB/Nrf2 pathways, and synaptic plasticity proteins in trained rats.Materials and methods Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: 1) control, 2) L/Zi: rats received L/Zi at the dose of 100 mg/kg by oral gavage, 3) exercise, 4) exercise+L/Zi: rats exercised and received L/Zi (100 mg/kg) by oral gavage. The duration of the study was eight weeks. Results Exercise combined with L/Zi reduced lipid peroxidation and improved antioxidant enzyme activities of muscle and cerebral cortex in rats (p < 0.001). In the Exercise + L/Zi group, muscle and cerebral cortex Nrf2 and HO-1 levels increased, while NF-κB levels decreased (p <0.001). Also, L/Zi improved BDNF, synapsin I, SYP, and GAP-43 levels of the cerebral cortex of trained rats (p < 0.001). The highest levels of BDNF, synapsin SYP, and GAP-43 in the cerebral cortex were determined in the Exercise+L/Zi group.Conclusion These results suggested that exercise combined with L/Zi supplementation might be effective to reduce neurodegeneration via improving neurotrophic factors and synaptic proteins, and oxidative capacity in the cerebral cortex.     

Evaluation of systemic involvement of Coronavirus disease 2019 through spleen; size and texture analysis

Background/aimTo investigate the changes in the spleen size, parenchymal heterogeneity, and computed tomography (CT) texture analysis features of patients diagnosed with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Materials and methodsThe size and parenchymal structure of the spleen in 91 patients who underwent thoracic CT examination due to COVID-19 were evaluated. For the evaluation of parenchymal heterogeneity, CT texture analysis was performed using dedicated software (Olea Medical, France). The texture analysis of each case consisted of 15 first-order intensity-based features, 17 gray level co-occurrence matrix-based features, and 9 gray level run length matrix-based features.ResultsA total of 91 patients (45 males, 46 females) with a mean age of 54.31 ± 16.33 years (range: 18–81) were included in the study. A statistically significant decrease in spleen size was seen in the follow-up CT examinations (p < 0.001) whereas no statistically significant difference was found between the Hounsfield unit (HU) values. The radiomics consisted of first-order intensity-based features such as 90th percentile, maximum, interquartile range, range, mean absolute deviation, standard deviation, and variance, all of which showed statistically significant differences (p - values: < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.001, 0.003, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.004, respectively). “Correlation” as a gray level co-occurrence matrix-based feature and “gray level nonuniformity” as a gray level run length matrix-based feature showed statistically differences (p-values: 0.033 and < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsAlthough COVID-19 manifests with lung involvement in the early stage, it can also cause systemic involvement, and the spleen may be one of its target organs. A decrease in the spleen size and parenchymal microstructure changes can be observed in the short follow-up time. It is hoped that the changes in the parenchymal microstructure will be demonstrated by a noninvasive method: texture analysis.