板栗总苞中的抗糖尿病活性成分

目的分离鉴定板栗(Castanea mollissima Blume)总苞中抗糖尿病活性化合物。方法采用正-反相硅胶柱色谱和制备型HPLC进行分离,经理化常数测定、核磁共振技术分析等方法鉴定化合物的结构;对分离得到的单体化合物进行醛糖还原酶(aldose reductase,AR)抑制活性实验。结果从活性部位中分离得到9个化合物,分别为山柰酚(kaempferol,1)、没食子酸(gallic acid,2)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(3,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid,3)、鞣花酸(ellagic acid,4)、苯甲基-6-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(benzyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,5)、没食子酸正丁酯(n-butyl gallate,6)、2,4,6-三羟基苯甲酸(2,4,6-trihydroxy-benzoic acid,7)、没食子酸甲酯(methyl-gallate,8)、豆甾烷-4-烯-3,6-二酮(stig-mast-4-en-3,6-dione,9)。结论化合物5-7为首次从该属植物中分离得到,活性结果显示9个化合物均显示不同程度抑制活性,其中化合物4、5最为显著。     

A Solid-Phase Assay for the Detection of Anti-Sperm Antibodies

PROBLEM: ELISA is an ideal assay method for a large-scale screening of anti-sperm antibodies among a large number of infertile males. However, conventional ELISA with whole spermatozoa needs time-consuming steps of centrifugation. METHOD: A solid-phase assay used for detecting anti-sperm antibodies was established. This assay is suitable not only for detecting circulating anti-sperm antibodies of IgG, IgM, and IgA subclass simultaneously but also for screening hybridomas secreting anti-sperm monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The microtiter plates, on which solubilized sperm antigens are fixed, can be stored at ? 80°C for up to six months without losing reactivity with anti-sperm antibodies. RESULTS: Using this assay, 53 sera (13 were proven positive and 40 were proven negative for sperm agglutination antibody) were tested. Although the false-negative rate was 0%, the false-positive rate was 32%. One thousand one hundred sixty-five supernatants from hybridomas constructed with splenocytes of mice who were hyperimmunized with human sperm and nonsecreting myeloma cells were tested by this solid-phase assay and two anti-sperm mAb secreting clones were selected and established. CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended that for research work this assay could be used for the first screening of the hybridoma secreting anti-sperm mAb, and for clinical use this assay might be suitable for the first screening of sera of infertile patients. However, conventional bioassays should follow to confirm the biological meaning of the positivity.