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51.
In this prospective study, birth weight of 304 babies born at Kamla Nehru Hospital Pune during study period was recorded.
From these 304 babies, babies with birth weight above 2000 grams were selected (260 babies) to prepare growth velocity curves.
Daily weight of these 260 babies was recorded for 30 days. The mean birth weight of study population was 2742.5 grams. Among
the daily weight recorded babies, all the babies lost weight ranging from 92 to 218 grams (mean 121 grams) after birth. The
weight loss continued upto 5 days. Days required to gain weight equal to birth weight ranged from 5 to 13 days. Total weight
gain observed in 30 days was 734.7 grams. Predictive value of these curves was tested in 49 infants. Deviation upto 50 grams
of predicted birth weight from actual birth weight was observed in 90% of babies on day-2, 79% on day-4, 65% on day-8 and
39% on day-30. 相似文献
52.
Studies of preemptive analgesia in humans have shown conflicting results. The study design, patient population and the duration of assessment of postoperative pain are important in the evaluation of preemptive analgesia. We carried out a prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled study in 80 patients of physical status ASA 1-3 undergoing upper abdominal and thoracic surgery. Patients received two epidural injections, one 20 minutes before induction and the other at the end of surgery. Study solution was either morphine (50 micrograms/kg), with or without 0.1% bupivacaine in 10 ml of normal saline, or normal saline alone. The study groups (Pre M, Pre MB) were given either morphine or morphine-bupivacaine before induction and saline at the end of surgery. The control groups (Post M, Post MB) were given saline before induction and morphine or morphine-bupivacaine at the end of surgery. Postoperative pain was assessed with a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) during coughing and deep breathing at six-hourly intervals for five days. Epidural morphine was given if the VAS exceeded 4. Pre MB compared to Post MB had a significantly increased interval between the analgesic top-ups (P < 0.01) and decreased total postoperative morphine requirements (P < 0.0001) and number of top-ups (P < 0.001). Pre M and Post M were comparable. Pre MB compared to Pre M had significantly decreased total postoperative morphine requirements (P < 0.0001) and number of top-ups (P < 0.0001). Epidural morphine plus bupivacaine is effective as a preemptive analgesic. Morphine plus bupivacaine has better efficacy than morphine given alone before the induction of anaesthesia. 相似文献
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54.
Jacobs IA Kelly K Valenziano C Chevinsky AH Pawar J Jones C 《The American surgeon》2000,66(6):579-584
Not all trauma victims evaluated by the trauma service require a full complement of laboratory tests upon admission. This study set out to determine the cost savings and safety of limited laboratory testing of trauma victims. Before 1998, our admission trauma protocol included 11 laboratory tests for all trauma victims. In 1998, we created two categories: Trauma Blue--severe injury likely (Glasgow Coma Score <13; systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg at any time; significant head, chest, abdominal, or proximal long bone injury; or clinical suspicion of need for operative or intensive care unit management) and Trauma Yellow--severe injury unlikely. The triage decision was made by the team leader or attending physician. Trauma Blue laboratory tests included an arterial blood gas, blood alcohol, type and screen or crossmatch, and urine dipstick. All patients who did not meet Trauma Blue criteria were entered in the Trauma Yellow group. There were only two tests for the Trauma Yellow group, a venous blood gas and blood alcohol. All arterial and venous blood gases measured pH, pO2, pCO2, HCO3, base deficit, hemoglobin, sodium, potassium, and ionized calcium. Other laboratory tests were done if requested by the trauma team leader or attending physician. All trauma admissions for a 3-month period were entered into this prospective study. The admitting trauma surgeon was surveyed after each admission to evaluate any problems in patient care. The test group was compared with a historical control of 100 consecutive patients under the original laboratory trauma protocol. One hundred and forty-eight (148) patients were entered into the study. Average laboratory cost per patient was $29.82 less with the study protocol. No patient care problem was identified. A cost savings of $29.82 per patient or $20,000.00 a year was realized for our institution, with no change in the quality of patient care. Trauma protocols designed to reflect a patient's potential for serious injury can result in a significant cost savings while preserving patient safety. 相似文献
55.
Muraleedharan P. Nampoothiri K. P. Sunil Kumar V. K. Sajina 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》2006,58(1):111-112
Extrame dullary plasmacytoma of larynx is extremely rare. We report a case of multiple myeloma which presented as extrame
dullary manifestation in larynx. The rarity of incidence and difficulty in diagnosis of the disease is discussed. 相似文献
56.
57.
Shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam Khanna Nehemiah Harichandran Sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Kannan Arputharaj 《Journal of digital imaging》2013,26(3):496-509
Segmentation of lung parenchyma from the chest computed tomography is an important task in analysis of chest computed tomography for diagnosis of lung disorders. It is a challenging task especially in the presence of peripherally placed pathology bearing regions. In this work, we propose a segmentation approach to segment lung parenchyma from chest. The first step is to segment the lungs using iterative thresholding followed by morphological operations. If the two lungs are not separated, the lung junction and its neighborhood are identified and local thresholding is applied. The second step is to extract shape features of the two lungs. The third step is to use a multilayer feed forward neural network to determine if the segmented lung parenchyma is complete, based on the extracted features. The final step is to reconstruct the two lungs in case of incomplete segmentation, by exploiting the fact that in majority of the cases, at least one of the two lungs would have been segmented correctly by the first step. Hence, the complete lung is determined based on the shape and region properties and the incomplete lung is reconstructed by applying graphical methods, namely, reflection and translation. The proposed approach has been tested in a computer-aided diagnosis system for diagnosis of lung disorders, namely, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, and pneumonia. An accuracy of 97.37 % has been achieved by the proposed approach whereas the conventional thresholding approach was unable to detect peripheral pathology-bearing regions. The results obtained prove to be better than that achieved using conventional thresholding and morphological operations. 相似文献
58.
Sunil K. Dubey Jangala Hemanth Chiranjeevi Venkatesh K. R.N. Saha S. Pasha 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》2012,2(6):462-465
A simple, specific, precise, sensitive and rapid reverse phase-HPLC method was developed for determination of ketorolac enantiomers, a potent nonnarcotic analgesic in pharmaceutical formulations. The method was developed on a chiral AGP column. Mobile phase was 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 4.5): Isopropanol (98:2, v/v), at a flow rate of 1 mL/min with run time of 15 min. Ultraviolet detection was made at 322 nm. The linearity range was 0.02–10 μg/mL for each of the enantiomers. The mobile phase composition was systematically studied to find the optimum chromatographic conditions. Validation of the method under the conditions selected showed that it was selective and precise and that the detector response was linear function of ketorolac. 相似文献
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