Reconstruction of the nasal tip including the columella and soft triangle using a mastoid composite graft.

This paper describes the use of a composite graft from the mastoid area consisting of full-thickness skin peripherally and selectively localised fascia-fat tissue underneath the skin centrally for immediate reconstruction of moderate defects of the nasal tip including the columella and soft triangle. Mastoid composite grafting is a simple and safe procedure that avoids partial graft loss and provides adequate augmentation of soft tissue, easy reshaping of the new nostril rim, minimal post-operative shrinkage, and no donor-site morbidity. Then, it results in a satisfactory nasal appearance with adequate tip projection and symmetry. This procedure may represent a preferred method of nasal tip reconstruction.     

Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断价值。方法 对45例食管黏膜可疑病变经内镜以2％Lugol液喷洒染色，观察黏膜染色情况，并取活检送病理组织学检查。结果 45例食管病变染色后，39例呈浅染色或不染色，其中食管癌8例（食管早期癌5例，进展期癌3例），Barrett食管5例，轻至中度不典型增生1l例。本组Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的检出率达46．7％。结论 内镜下应用Lugol液染色结合活检有助于食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断，且操作简便，具有重要的临床价值。     

根管预备程度对无髓牙根管壁应力影响的分析

目的 分析不同根管腔的直径对根管壁应力的影响。方法 在已建立的下颌第一磨牙模拟常规法根管预备修改的实验模型基础上，再修改根管腔直径，使根管直径扩大到牙根直径的1／3和1／2，并在修改模型上加载，计算在不同加载条件下牙齿各部及管壁的最大应力。结果 根管腔直径增大会引起根管壁应力的升高，该变化主要出现在根管口和根上1／3段，侧向加载时产生的应力差异大于垂直加载时产生的应力差异。结论 根管预备应以去除根管壁的感染物质，获得良好的根管成形为原则，过度的预备不仅没有必要，甚至有害。     

低位直肠癌保留神经的腹膜外侧方扩大清扫的效果分析

目的 探讨低位直肠癌保留神经的腹膜外侧方扩大清扫对患者术后生存率、排尿功能和性功能的影响。方法 回顾性分析我院1996年1月至2000年6月期间收治的392例进展期低位直肠癌实施保留神经的根治性切除术患者的临床资料，其中行腹腔内清扫173例，腹腔内加腹膜外侧方清扫219例，2组患者在年龄、性别、浸润肠壁深度及肿瘤病理组织学类型方面差异无统计学意义。结果 腹腔内加腹膜外侧方清扫组侧方淋巴结转移率为17．8％（39／219），侧方盆壁非连续性癌灶转移率为5，9％（13／219）。术后发生排尿功能障碍：腹腔内清扫组7例（4．0％），腹腔内加腹膜外侧方清扫组113例（51．6％），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；性功能障碍：腹腔内清扫组93例男性患者中有12例（12．9％），腹腔内加腹膜外侧方清扫组119例男性患者中有62例（52．1％），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；局部复发率：腹腔内清扫组为16．2％（28／173），腹腔内加腹膜外侧方清扫组为9．6％（21／219），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；5年生存率：腹腔内清扫组为49．1％（85／173），腹腔内加腹膜外侧方清扫组为59．4％（130／219），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 低位直肠癌保留神经的腹膜外侧方扩大清扫，可以减少局部复发，提高患者5年生存率，但也会影响患者术后排尿和男性性机能。     

颈椎前路手术内置物并发症的分析

在颈椎前路减压、植骨、带锁钢板内固定技术日渐成熟的今天,越来越多的医院开展了该项手术。自1998年2月-2005年8月应用该方法治疗颈椎病215例,发生与内置物钢板及钛网相关的并发症14例,为此积累了一定的经验,现总结如下。1临床资料本组215例,男126例,女89例;年龄42～82岁,平均     

The modified outside-in suture: vertical repair of the anterior horn of the meniscus after decompression of a large meniscal cyst

This article describes a modified suture technique designed for the vertical repair of the anterior horn of the meniscus after arthroscopic decompression of a large meniscal cyst. This procedure comprises of three steps: first, the meniscus was pierced vertically using a suture hook and a No. 0 PDS suture. Second, both ends of the No. 0 PDS on the femoral and tibial surfaces of the meniscus were pulled to the outside of the joint capsule using a spinal needle preloaded with suture material. Finally, a skin incision was made adjacent to the suture materials, and both ends were tied. We recommend this technique not only for the vertical repair of the anterior horn of the meniscus after decompression of large meniscal cyst, but also to repair a longitudinal tear of the meniscus.     

Ruptured distal anterior choroidal artery aneurysm.

Ruptured aneurysms of the distal anterior choroidal artery (AchA) are extremely rare and management is dictated by clinical presentation. This report describes a rare patient with a distal AchA aneurysm and subarachnoid and intraventricular haemorrhage. A 60-year-old woman presented with a sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting. No aneurysms could be found on initial angiograms. A repeat angiogram performed 10 days after admission demonstrated an aneurysm in a branch of the cisternal segment of the left AchA without a definite neck. Surrounding vessels showed multifocal stricture and dilatation. Microsurgical clipping was not performed because the patient died suddenly due to pulmonary failure. The aetiology of the aneurysm in this case and surgical strategy are discussed.