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91.
Comparison of three different combination therapies in the treatment of human brucellosis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The efficacy and tolerability of three different combination treatment regimens in human brucellosis were compared in 118 uncomplicated patients enrolled in a prospective study between May 1997 and December 2002. Brucellosis was diagnosed using standard clinical and microbiological findings. Patients with central nervous system involvement, spondylitis, endocarditis or children under 16 years of age were excluded from the study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 400 mg of ofloxacin plus 600 mg of rifampicin (OR, n = 41), 200 mg of doxycycline plus 600 mg of rifampicin (DR, n = 45) or 1g intramuscularly streptomycin (administered for three weeks) plus 200 mg doxycycline (DS, n = 32) daily for 6 weeks. All patients were followed up at least 6 months after cessation of therapy.There was no statistical difference between the groups on relapse rates and clinical response to the treatment (P>0.05). Five patients in OR (12.8%), six patients in DR (14.3%) and three patients in DS groups (9.7%) suffered relapse. The side-effects were seen in eight (19.5%), 21 (46.7%) and eight (25.0%) patients of OR, DR and DS groups, respectively.The use of combination therapy of ofloxacin plus rifampicin for 6 weeks was found to be as effective as DR and DS. The side-effects of therapy in OR and DS groups was less severe than in the DR group. 相似文献
92.
Leukemic cell growth in SCID mice as a predictor of relapse in high- risk B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
Uckun FM; Sather H; Reaman G; Shuster J; Land V; Trigg M; Gunther R; Chelstrom L; Bleyer A; Gaynon P 《Blood》1995,85(4):873-878
Mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) provide a model system to examine the in vivo homing, engraftment, and growth patterns of normal and malignant human hematopoietic cells. The relation between leukemic cell growth in this model and the treatment outcome in patients from whom cells were derived has not been established. Leukemic cells from 42 children with newly diagnosed high-risk B- lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia were inoculated intravenously into CB.17 SCID mice. Mice were killed at 12 weeks or when they became moribund as a result of disseminated leukemia. All mice were necropsied and subjected to a series of laboratory studies to assess their burden of human leukemic cells. Twenty-three patients whose leukemic cells caused histopathologically detectable leukemia in SCID mice had a significantly higher relapse rate than the 19 patients whose leukemic cells did not (estimated 5-year event-free survival: 29.5% v 94.7%; 95% confidence intervals, 11.2% to 50.7% v 68.1% to 99.2%; P < .0001 by log- rank test). The occurrence of overt leukemia in SCID mice was was a highly significant predictor of patient relapse. The estimated instantaneous risk of relapse for patients whose leukemic cells caused overt leukemia in SCID mice was 21.5-fold greater than that for the remaining patients. Thus, growth of human leukemic cells in SCID mice is a strong and independent predictor of relapse in patients with newly diagnosed high-risk B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 相似文献
93.
Monoclonal antibody T101 in T cell malignancies: a clinical, pharmacokinetic, and immunologic correlation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Bertram JH; Gill PS; Levine AM; Boquiren D; Hoffman FM; Meyer P; Mitchell MS 《Blood》1986,68(3):752-761
Eight patients with cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) and five with various other T cell malignancies were treated with mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) T101. Doses of 1 to 500 mg were administered weekly over a two-hour period and resulted in one complete remission (convoluted T cell lymphoma) and one partial remission (CTCL). Remission duration was 6 weeks and 3 months, respectively. Frequent toxicities were pruritus, hives, flushing, and shortness of breath. Supraventricular arrhythmias and blood pressure instability were also observed. Complete targeting of peripheral blood T cells was achieved with 1 mg of MoAb in the nonleukemic patients (WBC less than 10,000/microL), and free, bioavailable antibody was present at the next (10-mg) dose level. Even higher doses resulted in substantial antibody excess that persisted for as long as 6 weeks. Serum concentrations of MoAb decreased with increasing number of peripheral blood T cells, and 25 to 35 mg of T101 were required for induction of antibody excess in leukemic patients. Excess antibody induced antigenic modulation, which was of consequence only if MoAb excess persisted to the next treatment. In the original treatment, the rapidly administered MoAb was able to target and remove peripheral blood T cells before the development of antigenic modulation. Antimouse antibodies developed in three patients. Their presence rendered further therapy ineffective and was associated with an anaphylactic reaction in one patient. Development of these antibodies could not be predicted by lymphoproliferative assays. In these assays, however, the T101 protein strongly stimulated the mononuclear cells of the patient who reached the only complete remission of this trial. Immunologic stimulation by the MoAb thus might have played a role in this patient's antitumor response. In summary, therapy with MoAb T101 was specific but only modestly efficacious. Rapid infusion of nonmodulating doses of antibody provided excellent targeting and removal of peripheral blood T cells and might be a valid approach in future trials with immunoconjugated T101. 相似文献
94.
Brennan FM; Browne KA; Green PA; Jaspar JM; Maini RN; Feldmann M 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》1997,36(6):643-650
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 levels were measured in serum
samples from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients undergoing a double-blinded
placebo-controlled trial with the chimaeric anti-tumour necrosis factor
(TNF)-alpha antibody cA2. Both MMP-1 (P < 0.015), but to a larger extent
MMP-3 (P < 0.001) levels were elevated in all RA patients prior to the
commencement of the trial compared with normal control sera. Following cA2
therapy, MMP-1 and MMP-3 levels were assessed in the placebo, and 1 and 10
mg/kg cA2-treated groups at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. In both the 1 and the 10
mg/kg cA2-treated groups, a significant decrease in serum MMP-3 levels at
all time points was observed, reducing maximally to 41% of pre-infusion
values at day 7. MMP-1 levels were also reduced, but less dramatically than
MMP-3, to 85% of pre-infusion values after 14 days in the 10 mg/kg cA2
treated group. In a separate non-placebo-controlled study, we also
evaluated the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 levels in
plasma following cA2 infusion. Pre-infusion TIMP-1 levels were above the
normal control range, but were significantly reduced (P < 0.035) 14 days
after infusion to 72% of pre-infusion values. This study confirms previous
reports that MMP-3 levels are elevated and correlate with measures of
inflammation in RA, and furthermore demonstrate that serum MMP-3 and MMP-1
levels are downmodulated following anti-TNF-alpha antibody therapy. Whilst
serum MMP-3 levels correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) both prior to
and following anti-TNF-alpha antibody therapy, it remains to be
demonstrated that serum MMP-3 and/or MMP-1 levels reflect the cartilage and
bone resorptive processes which are evident in this disease.
相似文献
95.
Alper Sonmez T. Dogru M. I. Yilmaz R. Ocal T. Ozgurtas S. Kilic 《Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993)》2013,35(8):629-634
CD40 ligand interaction with its receptor (CD40) not only mediates lymphocyte communication, but also associates with chronic inflammation and atherothrombosis. High soluble CD40L (sCD40L) levels were reported in dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and coronary disease. So far, there are no data about sCD40L levels in hypertension. We investigated sCD40L and high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in 30 nonobese young hypertensive men and 30 matched controls. sCD40L and hsCRP levels were not different, and there were no correlations between blood pressure and sCD40L or hsCRP levels. These results might indicate lack of any inflammatory state in new onset hypertension. 相似文献
96.
运用Ca2+指示剂Fura-2作为细胞内钙离子的荧光探针,利用AR—CM—MIC阳离子测定系统,检测了分离的神经细胞内游离钙及其变化,并观测了DGAVP和Org2766对蛋白质合成抑制剂茴香霉素(ANI)引起细胞内钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i)变化的影响。结果表明茴香霉素可使[Ca2+]i显著升高,且有量效关系;DGAVP本身并不引起[Ca2+]i发生显著变化,但适当剂量的DGAVP可显著对抗一定剂量范围内ANI升高[Ca2+]i的作用,提示DGAVP对抗ANI的蛋白质合成抑制效应可能是通过拮抗ANI升高[Ca2+]i这一途径实现的,另一神经肽Org2766则可能不是通过这一机制发生作用。从细胞内Ca2+的角度看,这两种肽的作用机理显然是不同的。 相似文献
97.
Robertson RT; Gallardo KA; Claytor KJ; Ha DH; Ku KH; Yu BP; Lauterborn JC; Wiley RG; Yu J; Gall CM; Leslie FM 《Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)》1998,8(2):142-155
The role of basal forebrain-derived cholinergic afferents in the
development of neocortex was studied in postnatal rats. Newborn rat pups
received intraventricular injections of 192 IgG-saporin. Following survival
periods ranging from 2 days to 6 months, the brains were processed to
document the cholinergic lesion and to examine morphological consequences.
Immunocytochemistry for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and in situ
hybridization for ChAT mRNA demonstrate a loss of approximately 75% of the
cholinergic neurons in the medial septum and nucleus of the diagonal band
of Broca in the basal forebrain. In situ hybridization for glutamic acid
decarboxylase mRNA reveals no loss of basal forebrain GABAergic neurons.
Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry demonstrates a marked reduction of the
cholinergic axons in neocortex. Cholinergic axons are reduced throughout
the cortical layers; this reduction is more marked in medial than in
lateral cortical areas. The thickness of neocortex is reduced by
approximately 10%. Retrograde labeling of layer V cortico-collicular
pyramidal cells reveals a reduction in cell body size and also a reduction
in numbers of branches of apical dendrites. Spine densities on apical
dendrites are reduced by approximately 20-25% in 192 IgG- saporin-treated
cases; no change was detected in number of spines on basal dendrites. These
results indicate a developmental or maintenance role for cholinergic
afferents to cerebral cortical neurons.
相似文献
98.
99.
Mahmut Ilker Yilmaz Mutlu Saglam Juan Jesus Carrero Abdul Rashid Qureshi Kayser Caglar Tayfun Eyileten Alper Sonmez Erdinc Cakir Mujdat Yenicesu Bengt Lindholm Peter Stenvinkel Jonas Axelsson 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2008,23(3):959-965
BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is common in patients with moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, visfatin, a protein with insulin-mimetic properties, was shown to be associated with sVCAM-1. Thus, we hypothesised that visfatin may be a marker of ED in CKD. METHODS: We studied 406 patients with different stages of non-diabetic CKD (50% males, 46 +/- 12 years), testing the relationship between flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), assessed by high resolution brachial ultrasonography, and plasma adiponectin and visfatin concentrations. Eighty healthy volunteers (50% males, 46 +/- 11 years) served as matched controls. RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, ED was observed in all stages of CKD (Stages 1-5) and correlated strongly with the reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Whereas visfatin concentrations were found to be increased in all but CKD stages 1 and 2, adiponectin levels were found to be increased in all patients but CKD stage 1. Visfatin and adiponectin levels were strongly correlated with eGFR (rho = -0.62 and rho = -0.72, respectively, P < 0.001 for both). FMD levels were negatively correlated with both visfatin and adiponectin levels (rho = -0.53 and, rho = -0.57, respectively, P < 0.001 for both). In a multiple regression model, eGFR levels (Beta = 0.74, P < 0.001), visfatin (Beta = -0.15, P < 0.001), age (Beta = 0.06, P < 0.01), adiponectin (Beta = 0.09, P < 0.05), HOMA-IR (Beta = 0.07, P < 0.05) and hsCRP (Beta = -0.08, P < 0.05) were all found to be significantly related to FMD. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the circulating levels of visfatin and adiponectin are associated with ED in all stages of CKD, independently of inflammation and insulin resistance. 相似文献
100.
Capsular visualization in lipohemarthrosis of the knee 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1