胸腔镜下肋骨固定在严重钝性胸部损伤合并血气胸中的效果观察

目的 探讨胸腔镜下肋骨固定在严重钝性胸部损伤合并血气胸中的效果。方法 选取200例严重钝性胸部损伤合并中量以上血气胸患者作为研究对象,按照患者意愿分为对照组和研究组,每组100例。对照组采用胸腔闭式引流处理血气胸同期行肋骨固定,研究组采用胸腔镜探查同期行肋骨固定。比较2组治疗前后肺功能、炎症因子水平、心率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、疼痛程度和治疗效果、术后并发症发生率。结果 治疗前,2组心率、肺功能指标、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、疼痛程度和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组血氧饱和度、IL-6、TNF-α、CRP水平高于治疗前,心率、呼吸频率、疼痛程度低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组肺功能指标水平、血氧饱和度高于对照组,心率、呼吸频率、疼痛程度、术后并发症发生率以及IL-6、NTF-α、CRP水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组治疗总有效率为98.00%,高于对照组的72.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 胸...     

停课不停学背景下对机能学实验虚拟实验平台建设的思考

北京中医药大学积极响应教育部"停课不停学"的要求,借助机能学实验虚拟实验平台切实保障机能学实验教学工作的顺利开展。此文通过对"停课不停学"背景下的机能学实验课程以及机能学实验虚拟实验平台进行系统思考,并且结合问卷调查、教师走访、纵向比较等方法,分析"停课不停学"背景下机能学实验虚拟实验平台的使用效果和不足之处,旨在为虚拟实验"金"平台的建设提供参考和思路。     

甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白及转化生长因子β与乳腺癌的相关性研究

目的 观察乳腺癌原发肿瘤组织中甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白（PTHrP）和转化生长因子β（TGF-β）的表达情况,并探讨其与乳腺癌肿瘤生物病理学特征的相关性.方法 以免疫组化染色（Envision法）对乳腺癌及乳腺良性肿瘤标本进行检测.分析研究PTHrP及TGF-β与乳腺癌肿瘤生物病理学特征的相关性;Kaplan-Meier 方法分析患者无病生存情况;Log-Rank （Mantel-Cox）时序检验比较无病生存分布.结果 ①约60%的乳腺癌组织中存在TGF-β的阳性表达,PTHrP在90%以上的乳腺癌中表达阳性,而乳腺良性肿瘤组织PTHrP表达的阳性率很低;②TGF-β表达阳性的患者具有较高的淋巴结转移率,且组织学分级较差;③乳腺癌组织中PTHrP高表达与较大的肿瘤直径、较多的腋淋巴结转移、累及皮肤、较差的组织学分级相关;④PTHrP与乳腺癌患者术后无病生存无明显相关性;⑤TGF-β阳性表达与乳腺癌患者术后复发转移率有明显的相关性;⑥TGF-β阳性且PTHrP高表达的患者无病生存率最差,而TGF-β阴性且PTHrP高表达组的预后最好.结论 乳腺癌肿瘤组织中PTHrP和TGF-β的表达均与乳腺癌进展呈正相关.PTHrP联合TGF-β检测可能成为乳腺癌预后有意义的预测指标.     

Cardioprotective effect of Chinese herbal medicine for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in cancer patients: A meta-analysis of prospective studies

Background:To assess the benefits and harmful effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) formulations in preventing anthracyclines (ANT)-induced cardiotoxicity.Method:The Cochrane Library, Pubmed and EMBASE databases were electronically searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published till December 2021 in English or Chinese-language, in addition to manual searches through the reference lists of the selected papers, and the Chinese Conference Papers Database. Data was extracted by 2 investigators independently.Result:Seventeen RCTs reporting 11 different CHMs were included in this meta-analysis. The use of CHM reduced the occurrence of clinical heart failure (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.60, P < .01) compared to the control group. Data on subclinical heart failure in terms of LVEF values showed that CHM reduced the occurrence of subclinical heart failure (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.62, P < .01) as well.Conclusion:CHM is an effective and safe cardioprotective intervention that can potentially prevent ANT-induced cardiotoxicity. However, due to the insufficient quality of the included trials, our results should be interpreted with cautious.     

蝶枕角与颅底诸结构至耳眼平面垂直距离的纵向比较

目的:为人颅底的生长发育研究提供正常的颅底结构测量数据和参照标准;初步分析颅底生长发育趋势和特点。方法:对人不同生长发育阶段颅底标本诸结构进行观察和测量,并对其进行相互比较和纵向分析。结果:颅底在不同发育阶段各有其趋势和特点,蝶枕角随着年龄的增长逐渐变小,但性别之间无差异,颅前窝诸结构变化幅度最大,颅中窝的变化相对最小,11项测量指标在不同生长发育阶段的变化各异。结论:观察测量数据可为人颅底生长发育进一步研究提供依据,蝶枕角、耳眼(FH)平面可作为颅底生长发育的观察测量指标和参照平面。     

Regularized sensitivity encoding (SENSE) reconstruction using bregman iterations

In parallel imaging, the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of sensitivity encoding (SENSE) reconstruction is usually degraded by the ill‐conditioning problem, which becomes especially serious at large acceleration factors. Existing regularization methods have been shown to alleviate the problem. However, they usually suffer from image artifacts at high acceleration factors due to the large data inconsistency resulting from heavy regularization. In this paper, we propose Bregman iteration for SENSE regularization. Unlike the existing regularization methods where the regularization function is fixed, the method adaptively updates the regularization function using the Bregman distance at different iterations, such that the iteration gradually removes the aliasing artifacts and recovers fine structures before the noise finally comes back. With a discrepancy principle as the stopping criterion, our results demonstrate that the reconstructed image using Bregman iteration preserves both sharp edges lost in Tikhonov regularization and fines structures missed in total variation (TV) regularization, while reducing more noise and aliasing artifacts. Magn Reson Med 61:145–152, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

β-FIBRINOGEN PROMOTER-455 G／A （HaeⅢ） POLYMORPHISM PREDICTION OF PLASMA FIBRINOGEN BUT NOT OF ISCHEMIC CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE

Objective The-455 G/A (HaeⅢ) polymorphism of β-fibrinogen gene influences levels of plasma fibrinogen. We further investigated whether it influences the risk of isehemie cerebrovaseular disease. Methods We accumulated 134 acute isehemic eerebrovaseular disease (ICVD) eases and compared their -455 G/A status with a control group (n=166). The β-fibrinogen gene -455 G/A polymorphism was analyzed for all subjects by PCR-RFLP with the restrictive enzyme HaeⅢ. Results Plasma fibrinogen was higher in AA homozygous participants (341mg/dL) than in participants carrying the G allele: GA (290mg/dL), GG (298mg/dL) in the control group. Plasma fibrinogen was also higher in AA homozygous patients (353mg/dL) than in eases carrying the G allele: GA (287mg/dL), GG (302mg/dL) in the ICVD group. However, there was no significant association between β-fibrinogen gene -455 G/A polymorphism and ICVD group. Conclusions Although a small effect cannot be excluded, β-fibrinogen gene -455 G/A polymorphism is an independent predictor of plasma fibrinogen, but not of isehemie cerebrovaacular disease.     

人发角蛋白人工腱肌肉植入的组织相容性观察

为了研究人发角蛋白人工腱（human hair keratin artifical tendon,HHKAT）材料在体内的降解及其对周围组织的影响，将12只日本大耳白兔随机分组，在脊旁肌埋藏不同处理程度的人发角蛋白人工腱度件F及Z，用正常人发O做对照，分别在2，6，12，24周取材，观察人发角蛋白的降解及其周围的组织反应，结果：实验中发现不同程度处理的HHKAT其降解速度不同，其中降解最快的F组在24周时已完全吸收，而Z组在24周时只有部分降解，O组未见降解，HHKAT及人发在肌肉组织内无明显的炎症排斥反应，随着HHKAT材料的降解吸收，其周围的组织反应逐渐降低，研究表明人发角蛋白人腱材料具有良好的生物相容性，在体内能够被降解吸收，可根据不同的需要调节其降解速度，是良好肌腱替代材料。