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71.
With advancement in laparoscopic surgery a number of surgical procedures can be performed combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy
in a single surgery. We evaluate the safety & efficacy of such surgeries. A retrospective review of all patients who had undergone
combined procedures with laparoscopic cholecystectomy during January 2005 to June 2009 was performed. 3144 laparoscopic cholecystectomies
were performed in the period from January 2005 to June 2009. Of these, 401 cases were combined with another procedure. The
mean operative time was 80 min (range 50–270 min). The mean hospital stay was 3.2 days (range 1–5 days). The mean no. of days
injectable analgesics was required was 2 days (range 1 day–4 days). Combined procedures provide patients with all the benefits
of minimal invasive surgery and also give the benefit of single time anaesthesia without adding to post operative morbidity
& hospital stay. 相似文献
72.
Nicole Gerlach Kathrin Gibbert Christina Alter Savita Nair Gennadiy Zelinskyy Cassandra M. James Ulf Dittmer 《European journal of immunology》2009,39(1):136-146
Type I IFN play a very important role in immunity against viral infections. Murine type I IFN belongs to a multigene family including 14 IFN‐α subtypes but the biological functions of IFN‐α subtypes in retroviral infections are unknown. We have used the Friend retrovirus model to determine the anti‐viral effects of IFN‐α subtypes in vitro and in vivo. IFN‐α subtypes α1, α4, α6 or α9 suppressed Friend virus (FV) replication in vitro, but differed greatly in their anti‐viral efficacy in vivo. Treatment of FV‐infected mice with the IFN‐α subtypes α1, α4 or α9, but not α6 led to a significant reduction in viral loads. Decreased splenic viral load after IFN‐α1 treatment correlated with an expansion of activated FV‐specific CD8+ T cells and NK cells into the spleen, whereas in IFN‐α4‐ and ‐α9‐treated mice it exclusively correlated with the activation of NK cells. The results demonstrate the distinct anti‐retroviral effects of different IFN‐α subtypes, which may be relevant for new therapeutic approaches. 相似文献
73.
Sabyasachi Biswas Sashwati Roy Jaideep Banerjee Syed-Rehan A. Hussain Savita Khanna Guruguhan Meenakshisundaram Periannan Kuppusamy Avner Friedman Chandan K. Sen 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2010,107(15):6976-6981
Ischemia complicates wound closure. Here, we are unique in presenting a murine ischemic wound model that is based on bipedicle flap approach. Using this model of ischemic wounds we have sought to elucidate how microRNAs may be implicated in limiting wound re-epithelialization under hypoxia, a major component of ischemia. Ischemia, evaluated by laser Doppler as well as hyperspectral imaging, limited blood flow and lowered tissue oxygen saturation. EPR oximetry demonstrated that the ischemic wound tissue had pO2 <10 mm Hg. Ischemic wounds suffered from compromised macrophage recruitment and delayed wound epithelialization. Specifically, epithelial proliferation, as determined by Ki67 staining, was compromised. In vivo imaging showed massive hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) stabilization in ischemic wounds, where HIF-1α induced miR-210 expression that, in turn, silenced its target E2F3, which was markedly down-regulated in the wound-edge tissue of ischemic wounds. E2F3 was recognized as a key facilitator of cell proliferation. In keratinocytes, knock-down of E2F3 limited cell proliferation. Forced stabilization of HIF-1α using Ad-VP16- HIF-1α under normoxic conditions up-regulated miR-210 expression, down-regulated E2F3, and limited cell proliferation. Studies using cellular delivery of miR-210 antagomir and mimic demonstrated a key role of miR-210 in limiting keratinocyte proliferation. In summary, these results are unique in presenting evidence demonstrating that the hypoxia component of ischemia may limit wound re-epithelialization by stabilizing HIF-1α, which induces miR-210 expression, resulting in the down-regulation of the cell-cycle regulatory protein E2F3. 相似文献
74.
Shruti Shukla Archana Mehta Vivek K. Bajpai Savita Shukla 《Food and chemical toxicology》2009,47(9):2338-2343
The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Stevia rebaudiana as a natural antioxidant. The DPPH activity of the extract (20, 40, 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml) was increased in a dose dependent manner, which was found in the range of 36.93–68.76% as compared to ascorbic acid 64.26–82.58%. The IC50 values of ethanolic extract and ascorbic acid in DPPH radical scavenging assay were obtained to be 93.46 and 26.75 μg/ml, respectively. The ethanolic extract was also found to scavenge the superoxide generated by EDTA/NBT system. Measurement of total phenolic content of the ethanolic extract of S. rebaudiana was achieved using Folin–Ciocalteau reagent containing 61.50 mg/g of phenolic content, which was found significantly higher when compared to reference standard gallic acid. The ethanolic extract also inhibited the hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, superoxide anions with IC50 values of 93.46, 132.05 and 81.08 μg/ml, respectively. However, the IC50 values for the standard ascorbic acid were noted to be 26.75, 66.01 and 71.41 μg/ml respectively. The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that S. rebaudiana has a significant potential to use as a natural antioxidant agent. 相似文献
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77.
Zhang Y Woodruff M Zhang Y Miao J Hanley G Stuart C Zeng X Prabhakar S Moorman J Zhao B Yin D 《Journal of neuroimmunology》2008,194(1-2):115-122
Stress, either physical or psychological, can have a dramatic impact on the immune system. Little progress, however, has been made in understanding stress-induced immune suppression. We report here that mice subjected to chronic 12-hour daily physical restraint for two days significantly increased the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Interestingly, TLR4-deficient mice are resistant to stress-induced lymphocyte reduction. In addition, restraint stress caused dramatic decrease in T help 1 (Th1) cytokine IFN-gamma and IL-2 levels but increase in Th2 cytokine IL-4 in wild type mice. Moreover, the restraint stress significantly inhibits changes of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in TLR4-deficient mice compared with the wild type mice. Therefore, stress modulates the immune system through a TLR4-dependent mechanism. 相似文献
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80.
The pulmonary physician and critical care. 2. The injured lung: conventional and novel respiratory therapy.
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Several alternatives to conventional ventilation in acute lung injury are now available and have been investigated to a varying degree. The assessment of all such techniques is limited by difficulties in designing proper comparative studies and by the time needed to recruit a large number of appropriate patients with acute lung injury. A common theme of lung volume maintenance combined with strategies designed to limit the extent of ventilator induced lung damage has emerged and should encourage reassessment of the conventional approach. The results of several large prospective comparative studies are eagerly awaited. Meanwhile we may reasonably suggest that improvements in respiratory support, together with advances in microbiological and pharmacological treatment, have the potential for improving the persistently disappointing survival rate in acute lung injury. 相似文献