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161.
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Whitney S. Brandt Wanpu Yan Jian Zhou Kay See Tan Joseph Montecalvo Bernard J. Park Prasad S. Adusumilli James Huang Matthew J. Bott Valerie W. Rusch Daniela Molena William D. Travis Mark G. Kris Jamie E. Chaft David R. Jones 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(2):743-753.e3
Objective
Comparative survival between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with cT2-4N0-1M0 non–small cell lung cancer has not been extensively studied.Methods
Patients with cT2-4N0-1M0 non–small cell lung cancer who received platinum-based chemotherapy were retrospectively identified. Exclusion criteria included stage IV disease, induction radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. The primary end point was disease-free survival. Secondary end points were overall survival, chemotherapy tolerance, and ability of Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors response to predict survival. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, compared using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards models, and stratified using matched pairs after propensity score matching.Results
In total, 330 patients met the inclusion criteria (n = 92/group after propensity-score matching; median follow-up, 42 months). Five-year disease-free survival was 49% (95% confidence interval, 39-61) for neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus 48% (95% confidence interval, 38-61) for adjuvant chemotherapy (P = .70). On multivariable analysis, disease-free survival was not associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.64-1.90; P = .737), nor was overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.63-2.30; P = .572). The neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was more likely to receive full doses and cycles of chemotherapy (P = .014/0.005) and had fewer grade 3 or greater toxicities (P = .001). Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with disease-free survival (P = .035); 15% of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (14/92) had a major pathologic response.Conclusions
Timing of chemotherapy, before or after surgery, is not associated with an improvement in overall or disease-free survival among patients with cT2-4N0-1M0 non–small cell lung cancer who undergo complete surgical resection. 相似文献164.
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Metabolism describes the series of chemical reactions that are concerned with the provision of energy to biological systems. They may be divided into reactions involved in energy yield (catabolism: demand exceeds supply), and energy storage (anabolism: supply exceeds demand). Regulation of these pathways is critical for homeostasis, and derangements in metabolism are seen in a wide variety of pathological processes. Understanding metabolism is key to the treatment of many diseases, notably diabetes, as well as underpinning clinical nutritional support. 相似文献
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Nicholas E. Anton Tomoko Mizota Lava R. Timsina Jake A. Whiteside Erinn M. Myers Dimitrios Stefanidis 《American journal of surgery》2019,217(2):266-271
Introduction
Several studies demonstrated that simulator-acquired skill transfer to the operating room is incomplete. Our objective was to identify trainee characteristics that predict the transfer of simulator-acquired skill to the operating room.Methods
Trainees completed baseline assessments including intracorporeal suturing (IS) performance, attentional selectivity, self-reported use of mental skills, and self-reported prior clinical and simulated laparoscopic experience and confidence. Residents then followed proficiency-based laparoscopic skills training, and their skill transfer was assessed on a live-anesthetized porcine model. Predictive characteristics for transfer test performance were assessed using multiple linear regression.Results
Thirty-eight residents completed the study. Automaticity, attentional selectivity, resident perceived ability with laparoscopy and simulators, and post-training IS performance were predictive of IS performance during the transfer test.Conclusions
Promoting automaticity, self-efficacy, and attention selectivity may help improve the transfer of simulator-acquired skill. Mental skills training and training to automaticity may therefore be valuable interventions to achieve this goal. 相似文献170.
Die Anaesthesiologie - 相似文献