全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3411篇 |
免费 | 239篇 |
国内免费 | 20篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 29篇 |
儿科学 | 199篇 |
妇产科学 | 70篇 |
基础医学 | 424篇 |
口腔科学 | 142篇 |
临床医学 | 318篇 |
内科学 | 811篇 |
皮肤病学 | 194篇 |
神经病学 | 209篇 |
特种医学 | 123篇 |
外科学 | 450篇 |
综合类 | 28篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 234篇 |
眼科学 | 89篇 |
药学 | 197篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 151篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 24篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 50篇 |
2017年 | 30篇 |
2016年 | 51篇 |
2015年 | 44篇 |
2014年 | 81篇 |
2013年 | 137篇 |
2012年 | 115篇 |
2011年 | 165篇 |
2010年 | 89篇 |
2009年 | 104篇 |
2008年 | 145篇 |
2007年 | 177篇 |
2006年 | 130篇 |
2005年 | 134篇 |
2004年 | 148篇 |
2003年 | 155篇 |
2002年 | 153篇 |
2001年 | 98篇 |
2000年 | 78篇 |
1999年 | 78篇 |
1998年 | 56篇 |
1997年 | 61篇 |
1996年 | 48篇 |
1995年 | 42篇 |
1994年 | 49篇 |
1993年 | 41篇 |
1992年 | 47篇 |
1991年 | 57篇 |
1990年 | 50篇 |
1989年 | 44篇 |
1988年 | 50篇 |
1987年 | 42篇 |
1986年 | 48篇 |
1985年 | 55篇 |
1984年 | 48篇 |
1983年 | 43篇 |
1982年 | 49篇 |
1981年 | 34篇 |
1980年 | 26篇 |
1979年 | 45篇 |
1978年 | 38篇 |
1976年 | 30篇 |
1975年 | 34篇 |
1974年 | 29篇 |
1973年 | 26篇 |
1972年 | 30篇 |
1970年 | 20篇 |
排序方式: 共有3670条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
101.
Alexis Régent Brigitte Autran Guislaine Carcelain Rémi Cheynier Benjamin Terrier Bénédicte Charmeteau-De Muylder Alain Krivitzky Eric Oksenhendler Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau Pascale Hubert Olivier Lortholary Nicolas Dupin Patrice Debré Lo?c Guillevin Luc Mouthon for the French Idiopathic CD T Lymphocytopenia Study Group 《Medicine》2014,93(2)
Idiopathic CD4 T lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare and severe condition with limited available data. We conducted a French multicenter study to analyze the clinical and immunologic characteristics of a cohort of patients with ICL according to the Centers for Disease Control criteria.We recruited 40 patients (24 female) of mean age 44.2 ± 12.2 (19–70) years. Patients underwent T-lymphocyte phenotyping and lymphoproliferation assay at diagnosis, and experiments related to thymic function and interferon (IFN)-γ release by natural killer (NK) cell were performed. Mean follow-up was 6.9 ± 6.7 (0.14–24.3) years. Infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic events were recorded, as were outcomes of interleukin 2 therapy.In all, 25 patients had opportunistic infections (12 with human papillomavirus infection), 14 had autoimmune symptoms, 5 had malignancies, and 8 had mild or no symptoms. At the time of diagnosis, the mean cell counts were as follows: mean CD4 cell count: 127/mm3 (range, 4–294); mean CD8: 236/mm3 (range, 1–1293); mean CD19: 113/mm3 (range, 3–547); and mean NK cell count: 122/mm3 (range, 5–416). Most patients had deficiency in CD8, CD19, and/or NK cells. Cytotoxic function of NK cells was normal, and patients with infections had a significantly lower NK cell count than those without (p = 0.01). Patients with autoimmune manifestations had increased CD8 T-cell count. Proliferation of thymic precursors, as assessed by T-cell rearrangement excision circles, was increased. Six patients died (15%). CD4 T-cell count <150/mm3 and NK cell count <100/mm3 were predictors of death.In conclusion, ICL is a heterogeneous disorder often associated with deficiencies in CD8, CD19, and/or NK cells. Long-term prognosis may be related to initial CD4 and NK cell deficiency.Abbreviations: AIHA = autoimmune hemolytic anemia, CDC = Centers for Disease Control, CMV = cytomegalovirus, cpm = count per minute, CVID = common variable immunodeficiency, CXCR4 = C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4, HIV = human immunodeficiency virus, HLA = human leukocyte antigen, HPV = human papillomavirus, HTLV-1/2 = human T-cell lymphotropic 1/2, ICL = idiopathic CD4 T lymphocytopenia, IFN-γ = interferon-γ, IL = interleukin, JC virus = John Cunningham virus, LPA = lymphocyte proliferation assay, NK = natural killer, P = patient, PBMC = peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Pwd = pokeweed, SI = stimulation index, sj = signal joint, TREC = T-cell rearrangement excision circle 相似文献
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
Roland E. Schmieder Rudolph Schutte Helmut Schumacher Michael Böhm Giuseppe Mancia Michael A. Weber Matthew McQueen Koon Teo Salim Yusuf 《Diabetologia》2014,57(10):2019-2029
Aims/hypothesis
Urinary albumin excretion is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. It is uncertain whether improvement from microalbuminuria or deterioration from normoalbuminuria over time in patients with differing changes in glucose and BP change their cardiovascular risk.Methods
Data on mortality, cardiovascular and renal outcomes were analysed in 22,984 patients from two large parallel randomised clinical trials followed for 56 months. A central laboratory analysed first morning spot urine samples at baseline and after 24 months, and events were recorded over the subsequent 32 months. Patients were stratified by changes in albuminuria, glucose status and mean systolic BP over 2 years.Results
There was a strong association between albuminuria status and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and combined cardiovascular and renal endpoints (all p?0.0001). Changes in systolic BP control had no effect on mortality, whereas glucose status was significantly associated with all outcomes. Irrespective of BP control or glucose status, patients showing an improvement from microalbuminuria to normoalbuminuria after 2 years were at a lower risk of all outcome measures than patients showing deterioration from normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria (HR for all-cause mortality 0.65 [0.52–0.83], p?=?0.0004).Conclusions/interpretation
Patients who showed improvement to normoalbuminuria over 2 years were at lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and of cardiovascular and renal events than those who deteriorated to microalbuminuria over time. Albuminuria over time was significantly better than glucose status and BP control in predicting mortality and both cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients at a high cardiovascular risk. 相似文献107.
Kumar R Knick VB Rudolph SK Johnson JH Crosby RM Crouthamel MC Hopper TM Miller CG Harrington LE Onori JA Mullin RJ Gilmer TM Truesdale AT Epperly AH Boloor A Stafford JA Luttrell DK Cheung M 《Molecular cancer therapeutics》2007,6(7):2012-2021
With the development of targeted therapeutics, especially for small-molecule inhibitors, it is important to understand whether the observed in vivo efficacy correlates with the modulation of desired/intended target in vivo. We have developed a small-molecule inhibitor of all three vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and c-Kit tyrosine kinases, pazopanib (GW786034), which selectively inhibits VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation. It has good oral exposure and inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth in mice. Because bolus administration of the compound results in large differences in C(max) and C(trough), we investigated the effect of continuous infusion of a VEGFR inhibitor on tumor growth and angiogenesis. GW771806, which has similar enzyme and cellular profiles to GW786034, was used for these studies due to higher solubility requirements for infusion studies. Comparing the pharmacokinetics by two different routes of administration (bolus p.o. dosing and continuous infusion), we showed that the antitumor and antiangiogenic activity of VEGFR inhibitors is dependent on steady-state concentration of the compound above a threshold. The steady-state concentration required for these effects is consistent with the concentration required for the inhibition of VEGF-induced VEGFR2 phosphorylation in mouse lungs. Furthermore, the steady-state concentration of pazopanib determined from preclinical activity showed a strong correlation with the pharmacodynamic effects and antitumor activity in the phase I clinical trial. 相似文献
108.
Marcus Eng Hock Ong MBBS MPH Tom P. Aufderheide MD MS Graham Nichol MD MPH FRCP Bentley J. Bobrow MD Leo Bossaert MD Peter Cameron MBBS MD Judith Finn PhD RN RM ICCert FRCNA Ian Jacobs PhD FRCNA Rudolph W. Koster MD PhD Bryan McNally MD MPH Yih Yng Ng MBBS MPH MBA Sang Do Shin MD MPH PhD George Sopko MD MPH Hideharu Tanaka MD PhD Taku Iwami MD PhD Mark Hauswald MD 《Academic emergency medicine》2013,20(12):1297-1303
At the 2013 Academic Emergency Medicine global health consensus conference, a breakout session to develop a research agenda for resuscitation was held. Two articles are the result of that discussion. This second article addresses data collection, management, and analysis and regionalization of postresuscitation care, resuscitation programs, and research examples around the world and proposes a strategy to strengthen resuscitation research globally. There is a need for reliable global statistics on resuscitation, international standardization of data, and development of an electronic standard for reporting data. Regionalization of postresuscitation care is a priority area for future research. Large resuscitation clinical research networks are feasible and can give valuable data for improvement of service and outcomes. Low‐cost models of population‐based research, and emphasis on interventional and implementation studies that assess the clinical effects of programs and interventions, are needed to determine the most cost‐effective strategies to improve outcomes. The global challenge is how to adapt research findings to a developing world situation to have an effect internationally. 相似文献
109.
L Padilla H Asencio W Fernandez M A Cruz V Neumann K Reinicke M I Rudolph 《General pharmacology》1991,22(4):647-650
1. The in vitro effect of progesterone on norepinephrine (NE) release and contractile activity was analyzed in uterine horns from estrogen-primed and progesterone-primed mice. 2. Progesterone (6-10 nmol/ml) evoked the release of [3H]NE above basal levels from uterine horns in both experimental conditions, the effect of progesterone on estrogen-primed being more important than on progesterone-primed mice uterus. 3. Progesterone also increased electrically evoked [3H]NE release in estrogen-primed uterine tissue, nevertheless no effect was observed in progesterone-primed ones. 4. Progesterone (0.6-10 nmol/ml) inhibited uterine horn isometric contractions only in estradiol-primed mice. This effect was partially blocked in uterine horns from reserpine-treated mice and when propanolol (1 microM) was added to the preparation of estradiol-primed mice uterus. 相似文献
110.
Primary malignant tumors of the aorta are extremely rare. The case of a 64-year-old woman who presented with peripheral embolism to both femoropopliteal arteries is reported. The search for a source revealed a polypoid lesion severely narrowing the lumen of the distal thoracic aorta. Differential diagnosis included thrombus and primary aortic tumor. Extirpation of the tumorous lesion was performed. Histologic examination revealed intimal aortic sarcoma of endothelial cell origin. Although the liver was the only site of suspected metastases at the time of operation, during the 18-month follow-up until the patient's death, generalized metastatic spread had developed. This case report thus demonstrates the generally poor prognosis of this rare variety of aortic sarcoma, in particular when symptoms have already occurred. 相似文献