Transformation of immortal, non-tumorigenic osteoblast-like human osteosarcoma cells to the tumorigenic phenotype by nickel sulfate

Epidemiological studies have indirectly linked compounds ofchromium, nickel and arsenic to human carcinogenesis. However,there is no evidence that metal compounds can transform humancells to the tumorigenic phenotype in culture. We show herethat exposure to 36 µM NiS0₄ for 48–96 h resultsin transformation of an immortal, non-tumorigenic, osteoblast-likecell line, HOS TE85, to the tumorigenic phenotype. Continuouspassaging following treatment leads to the formation of a fewdense foci. The cells isolated and expanded from the foci aremorphologically transformed, and form anchorage-independentcolonies of the size and abundance comparable to that formedby Kirsten murine sarcoma virus transformed HOS TE85 cells.The transformed cells from tumors in nude mice, have enhancedlevels of plasminogen activators and have lost the ability toform model bone matrix on extended culture in the presence ofascorbic acid and ß-glycerophosphate. A number ofcell lines have been established from nude mouse tumors. Cytogeneticanalysis reveals 16 marker chromosomes and an aberrant chromosome16. This is the first report of the transformation of a humancell line to tumorigenic phenotype by a metal carcinogen.     

脑外科手术后发生正常灌注压突破的发病机制及超微病理基础

目的:探讨脑外科手术后部分患者病变邻近脑组织发生正常灌注压突破并发症的发病机制及其超微病理基础.材料和方法:对68例脑内血管畸形病变邻近的脑组织进行电子显微镜观察.结果:病灶邻近脑组织内部分毛细血管外周的星形细胞足突缺失或出现血管基膜疏松、分层等发育不良的情况,甚至有些血管壁组织结构破损.结论:电子显微镜检查证实,在血管畸形病灶周围的脑组织内可见病理性血管.该血管的基膜发生病变,血管周围的星形细胞足突明显减少或破坏.当血液灌注压力突然变化时,这种病变的血管就可能发生液体外渗及破裂.这就是在神经外科手术中或手术后发生正常灌注压突破并发症的超微病理基础.     

干部门诊就诊质量的影响因素与对策

对900例干部门诊中的就诊患者进行问卷调查分析,探讨干部门诊就诊质量的各种影响因素,提出干预措施,在提高患者就诊质量的前提下节省卫生资源.     

Toluene vapor exposure and urinary excretion of hippuric acid among workers in China.

A factory survey was conducted in three provinces in China from 1985 to 1989. The time-weighted average toluene concentrations in breathing zone air were monitored by diffusive sampling, whereas hippuric acid (HA) concentrations in shift-end urine samples were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Exposed workers (456 men and women) were those for whom toluene (up to 548 ppm toluene) accounted for greater than or equal to 90% of total exposure (by vapor concentration in ppm), whereas 517 nonexposed controls were recruited from the same factories or from factories of the same region. There was a linear correlation between the intensity of toluene exposure and HA concentration in the shift-end urine. Comparison of the results with findings in the literature shows that the toluene-induced increase in urinary HA concentration among workers in China is significantly smaller than the published values, whereas HA concentrations in urine samples from nonexposed controls are comparable to the levels previously reported.     

JC病毒样颗粒可直接转运进入细胞核

目的探讨JC病毒(JCV)病毒样颗粒(VLP)是否可以直接转运进入细胞核。方法心用JCV主要外壳蛋白VP1体外表达、重组VIP，在其表面标记异硫氰基荧光素(FTTC)，同时在其内部包裹荧光染料Cy3，感染培养的HeLa细胞和SVG细胞，荧光显微镜观察VLP入核转运。结果HeLa和SVG细胞感染包裹Cy3的FTTC-VLP时，FTTC与Cy3同时出现于细胞核内相同部位；而感染FTTC—VP1与Cy3混合物时，FTTC虽可在细胞核内检测到，但Cy3信号几乎消失。包裹Cy3的VIP用SDSPAGE展开，荧光显像后行考马斯亮蓝(CBB)染色，发现Cy3和VLP移行至不同部位，证明Cy3不能与VP1结合，提示VLP以完整的颗粒形式转运进入细胞核。应用包裹外源性DNA的VLP感染培养的HeLa和SVG细胞，发现包裹的DNA在细胞浆和细胞核内均可检测到，提示JCV入核过程与VIP相同。结论VLP可以不经裂解直接转运进入细胞核，JCV入核转运可能与VLP相同。     

微机矩阵算法程序在屈光学计算中的应用

本文介绍了一种应用微机BASIC语言的屈光学矩阵算法程序,可方便、迅速地解决许多眼科屈光学计算问题,如共轴球面折射系统、共轴球面反射、折射系统、球、柱镜偏心棱镜效应计算和散光柱镜系统的斜交球、柱镜组合计算等等。     

精神发育迟滞儿童特殊教育三年随访

采用Ｈ－ＮＴＬＡ量表及婴儿～初中学生社会生活能力量表对太原市一个培智学校４４例精神发育迟滞患儿从１９８９～１９９２年连续４次测查智力，２次测查适应行为。结果显示３年间ＩＱ值变化无显著统计学意义，但视觉联想、概念关系、注意力及视觉识知能力有明显提高。患儿适应行为明显提高。经多元逐步回归分析显示，精神发育迟滞儿童智商的提高和母亲文化程度较高、患儿智力低下程度较轻、母亲职业为科技或行政管理人员、患儿初始教育年龄早呈正相关。     

甲壳素制备工艺改进——天然甲壳素的提取

甲壳素制备工艺改进为统一常温进行,操作简便,产品相对收率提高5～10％,同时降低了能耗、机械要求强度、劳动保护条件和生产成本,并经热分析说明产品维持了甲壳素的天然特性,即分子中每结构单元含有1/2分子缔合水,是天然的甲壳素产品并有益于其脱乙酰化物──壳聚糖质量的提高。     

甾体避孕药不增加血栓栓塞性疾病危险(病例对照研究)

本文采用1:3病例对照研究方法,对甾体避孕药的使用与血栓栓塞性疾病(急性心肌梗塞、脑栓塞、脑血栓形成和深静脉血栓形成)间的关联进行多因素分析。结果提示在我国广泛应用的甾体避孕药(主要为国产Ⅰ号避孕药)并不增加血栓栓塞性疾病的危险性。用药和停药时间的长短与血栓栓塞性疾病的发生无关,并与高血压病之间亦不存在协同作用。