Endometrial Carcinoma in Young Women

Summary: Endometrial carcinoma in young women is uncommon. The majority of cases occur in women who have been taking oestrogen-containing oral contraceptives, in those with the Stein-Leventhal syndrome, or in those with gonadal dysgenesis treated by long-term oestrogen replacement therapy. We have observed 4 women under 40 years of age with adenocarcinoma of the uterus in whom chromosomal abnormalities associated with Turner's syndrome were confirmed only after the diagnosis of carcinoma had been made. None of these had received replacement oestrogen therapy. It is postulated that chromosomal abnormalities in young women with endometrial carcinoma are more common than previously thought. As the disease in this group appears to behave in a benign fashion, a conservative approach to therapy is advocated.     

Two-dimensional echocardiographic detection of left pulmonary artery aneurysm following Potts' anastomosis

The two-dimensional echocardiographic detection of left pulmonary artery aneurysm following a Pott's anastomosis in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot is described. The diagnosis was confirmed at angiography and surgery.     

Thermal degradation of copolymers of methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate. I. Thermal analysis

By means of thermal volatilisation analysis (TVA) the principal features of the thermal degradation of a series of copolymers of methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate covering the entire composition range have been revealed. The degradation which is initiated in poly(methyl methacrylate) at unsaturated chain terminal structures is progressively suppressed by increasing concentrations of copolymerised n-butyl acrylate while the degradation initiated by random chain scission moves to higher temperatures. It is clear from the TVA thermograms that the products of degradation consist of a complex mixture of gases and liquids and a viscous oily fraction. Energies of activation have been derived from thermal gravimetric analysis thermograms by the method of COATS and REDFERN. The increase with increasing n-butyl acrylate content of the copolymer has been associated with the greater heat of polymerisation of n-butyl acrylate compared with methyl methacrylate.     

Detection of neovascular signals in a 3 day Walker 256 rat carcinoma by CW Doppler ultrasound

An animal model was used to study tumor blood flow by the Doppler CW technique. The objective was to determine when neovascularity could be detected as a function of tumor size and time since transplantation. A Walker 256 carcinosarcoma tumor was inoculated into the flank of 17 Sprague-Dawley rats. Doppler examinations, using a 9 MHz CW probe, were performed daily from day 0 to day 7. The contralateral flank was used as a control. No signals were detected from the control side nor from the inoculated side until day 3. By day 3, Doppler signals could be easily detected in all tumor implants with a minimum weight of only 50 mg. These signals showed a mean systolic frequency shift of 3.3 +/- 0.47 kHz at 3 days and 3.46 +/- 0.58 kHz at 7 days. The diastolic Doppler shifted frequency was 1.78 +/- 0.31 kHz at 3 days and 1.88 +/- 0.23 kHz at 7 days giving a Pourcelot index of 0.47 +/- 0.1 at 3 days and 0.46 +/- 0.09 at day 7. These figures indicate the presence of low impedance vessels with high velocity flow such as has been reported in many human tumors. The vascular morphology was further evaluated by digital angiography which demonstrated coincidence between the site of the high velocity Doppler signals and the presence of arteriovenous anastomoses manifested by simultaneous arterial and venous filling. Further infusion techniques using India ink or Microfil showed the chaotic arrangement of tumor vessels located around the growing edge of the tumor implant. The development of such vascularity is a well-recognized prerequisite for tumor growth and invasion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Cardiac involvement in cystic fibrosis evaluated using cardiopulmonary magnetic resonance

The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - Cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator is expressed in myocardium, but cardiac involvement in CF remains poorly understood....