血脂异常中医证候及与代谢综合征相关性的研究

通过对600例血脂异常患者中医证侯的研究,总结了血脂异常中医证候分布的规律,确认血脂异常患者的病机是以本虚为主,脾虚和肾虚是血脂异常发病的主要病理基础,痰浊和瘀血也是影响血脂异常中医证候的重要因素,建议在治疗时应以补脾益肾为主要治疗原则。并首次在血脂异常的辨证中提出了＂无证候可辨＂的概念。通过对血脂异常中医证候与代谢综合征（MS）相关性的研究发现血脂异常中医证候的产生与MS及其组分中的超重或肥胖及高血压密切相关,提出MS及其各组分的存在是引起血脂异常中医虚证的重要因素,阐明了应用辨证论治的方法在治疗血脂异常的同时可以改善MS,还可以提高患者的生活质量,因而优于单纯的降脂治疗。     

不同培养方法对小鼠脂肪干细胞成骨分化的影响

目的??比较组织块贴壁法及胶原酶消化法所得脂肪干细胞的成骨分化能力。方法??分别采用组织块 贴壁法及胶原酶消化法原代培养小鼠脂肪干细胞, 观察细胞形态及细胞增殖情况, 并进行细胞鉴定, 比较两者成 骨分化能力。结果??两种方法所得脂肪干细胞在形态学上无差异,培养至第 3 代,细胞生长状态良好,生物学特 性稳定, CD44、Sca-1 表达率 >90%, CD31 表达率 <10%, 具有较好的成脂、成骨分化能力 ; 组织块贴壁法培养 所得脂肪干细胞增殖率高于胶原酶消化法（ P <0.05） ; 组织块贴壁法培养所得脂肪干细胞矿化结节、ALP 活 性及钙离子浓度高于胶原酶消化法（ P <0.05） 。结论??组织块贴壁法相对胶原酶消化法在脂肪干细胞培养及成 骨诱导分化过程中更具优势。     

聚维酮在阿霉素诱导膀胱癌EJ细胞凋亡模型中的作用机制

目的:探讨聚维酮(PVP)在体外加阿霉素(ADM)后诱导EJ细胞发生凋亡的情况以及一些相关机制。方法:应用流式细胞仪(FCM)检测ADM诱导EJ细胞的凋亡率、PVP EJ细胞的凋亡率以及PVP ADM对EJ细胞的诱导凋亡率的情况。结果:PVP对ADM诱导膀胱癌EJ细胞凋亡无影响。结论:PVP在整个诱导过程中并没有协同作用,只起到粘附作用,使得药物停留在EJ细胞表面的作用时间延长,从而达到大量杀伤EJ细胞的作用。     

Differential Effects of Dietary versus Exercise Intervention on Intrahepatic MAIT Cells and Histological Features of NAFLD

Background: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells promote inflammation in obesity and are implicated in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, as the intrahepatic MAIT cell response to lifestyle intervention in NAFLD has not been investigated, this work aimed to examine circulating and intrahepatic MAIT cell populations in patients with NAFLD, after either 12 weeks of dietary intervention (DI) or aerobic exercise intervention (EI). Methods: Multicolour flow cytometry was used to immunophenotype circulating and intrahepatic MAIT cells and measure MAIT cell expression (median fluorescence intensity, MFI) of the activation marker CD69 and apoptotic marker CD95. Liver histology, clinical parameters, and MAIT cell populations were assessed at baseline (T0) and following completion (T1) of DI or EI. Results: Forty-five patients completed the study. DI participants showed decreased median (interquartile range) expression of the activation marker CD69 on circulating MAIT cells (T0: 104 (134) versus T1 27 (114) MFI; p = 0.0353) and improvements in histological steatosis grade post-intervention. EI participants showed increased expression of the apoptotic marker CD95, both in circulating (T0: 1549 (888) versus T1: 2563 (1371) MFI; p = 0.0043) and intrahepatic MAIT cells (T0: 2724 (862) versus T1: 3117 (1622) MFI; p = 0.0269). Moreover, the percentage of intrahepatic MAIT cells significantly decreased after EI (T0: 11.1 (14.4) versus T1: 5.3 (9.3)%; p = 0.0029), in conjunction with significant improvements in fibrosis stage and hepatocyte ballooning. Conclusions: These data demonstrate independent benefits from dietary and exercise intervention and suggest a role for intrahepatic MAIT cells in the observed histological improvements in NAFLD.     

Restirring and Reheating Effects on Microstructural Evolution of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu Alloy during Underwater Friction Stir Additive Manufacturing

Friction stir additive manufacturing (FSAM) can be potentially used for fabricating high-performance components owing to its advantages of solid-state processing. However, the inhomogeneous microstructures and mechanical properties of the build attributed to the complex process involving restirring and reheating deserve attention. This study is based on the previous research of the underwater FSAMed 7A04 aluminum alloy and adopts a quasi in situ experimental method, i.e., after each pass of the underwater FSAM, samples were taken from the build for microstructural observation to investigate the restirring and reheating effects on microstructural evolution during the underwater FSAM. Fine-grain microstructures were formed in the stir zone during the single-pass underwater FSAM. After restirring, the grain size at the bottom of the overlapping region decreased from 1.97 to 0.87 μm, the recrystallization degree reduced from 74.0% to 29.8%, and the initial random texture transformed into a strong shear texture composed of the C {110}<11¯0>. After reheating, static recrystallization occurred in the regions close to the new additive zones, increasing the grain size and recrystallization degree. This study not only revealed the microstructural evolution during the underwater FSAM but also provided a guideline for further optimization of the mechanical properties of the Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy build.     

苏州地区城乡生活饮用水水质调查与分析

目的掌握苏州地区城镇与农村生活饮用水水质卫生状况及水质指标自然本底值,为建立健全城乡生活饮用水质监测网络提供依据。方法按现行《生活饮用水标准检验方法》（GB／T5750．2）中《水样的采集与保存》,于2010年丰水期在沿长江和环太湖等典型地区采集城镇和农村集中式供水单位的出厂水水样,按《生活饮用水标准检验方法》（GB／T5750—2006）进行水质全项目检测分析。结果2010年丰水期苏州地区城乡饮用水主要不合格指标为铝和三氯乙醛,主要理化常规指标铅、氟化物、硝酸盐、三氯甲烷、铝、氯化物、硫酸盐、溶解性总固体、总硬度、耗氧量等本底值,分别为0．0014、0．62、1．21、0．0046、0．17、48．6、70．0、288．3、118．1、1．44mg／L。结论苏州沿长江和环太湖等典型地区城乡饮用水水质指标基本符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB5749—2006）水质要求,能够保障城乡居民饮水安全及社会发展需求。     

Predictions and Experiments on the Distortion of the 20Cr2Ni4A C-ring during Carburizing and Quenching Process

This paper focuses on the effect of gear steel on distortion due to phase transformation in carburizing and quenching. The carburizing and quenching process of C-rings under suspension was studied by using the finite element method based on the thermo-mechanical theory, considering phase transformation. The phase transformation kinetics parameters, depending on different carbon contents, were measured by Gleeble-3500. The distortion behavior of the carburized C-ring during the cooling stage was analyzed, as well as the carbon concentration distribution and martensite volume fractions. The accuracy of the simulation was also verified by comparing the experimental data with the simulated result of the distortion and microstructure. A reliable basis is provided for predicting the distortion mechanism of gear steels in carburizing and quenching.     

Consumption of Dietary Fiber with Different Physicochemical Properties during Late Pregnancy Alters the Gut Microbiota and Relieves Constipation in Sow Model

Constipation is a common problem in sows and women during late pregnancy. Dietary fiber has potential in the regulation of intestinal microbiota, thereby promoting intestinal motility and reducing constipation. However, the effects of fibers with different physicochemical properties on intestinal microbe and constipation during late pregnancy have not been fully explored. In this study, a total of 80 sows were randomly allocated to control and one of three dietary fiber treatments from day 85 of gestation to delivery: LIG (lignocellulose), PRS (resistant starch), and KON (konjaku flour). Results showed that the defecation frequency and fecal consistency scores were highest in PRS. PRS and KON significantly increased the level of gut motility regulatory factors, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), motilin (MTL), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in serum. Moreover, PRS and KON promoted the IL-10 level and reduced the TNF-α level in serum. Furthermore, maternal PRS and KON supplementation significantly reduced the number of stillborn piglets. Microbial sequencing analysis showed that PRS and KON increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing genera Bacteroides and Parabacteroides and decreased the abundance of endotoxin-producing bacteria Desulfovibrio and Oscillibacter in feces. Moreover, the relative abundance of Turicibacter and the fecal butyrate concentration in PRS were the highest. Correlation analysis further revealed that the defecation frequency and serum 5-HT were positively correlated with Turicibacter and butyrate. In conclusion, PRS is the best fiber source for promoting gut motility, which was associated with increased levels of 5-HT under specific bacteria Turicibacter and butyrate stimulation, thereby relieving constipation. Our findings provide a reference for dietary fiber selection to improve intestinal motility in late pregnant mothers.     

Insights on Skin Quality and Clinical Practice Trends in Asia Pacific and a Practical Guide to Good Skin Quality from the Inside Out

ObjectiveWe sought to examine the current skin quality trends and gaps in clinical practice in the Asia Pacific region and develop a practical guide to improve skin quality.MethodsMedical practitioners from 11 countries in the Asia Pacific region completed an online survey on current trends in skin quality treatment. A panel of 12 leading experts convened for a virtual meeting to develop a practical guide for skin quality improvement.ResultsA total of 153 practitioners completed the survey. The four most common skin quality issues were uneven skin tone, skin surface unevenness, skin laxity, and sebaceous gland hyperactivity and enlarged pores. Most practitioners reported using a combination of treatment modalities for each skin quality issue. It was also observed that each treatment modality could be used to treat several skin quality issues. A multimodal approach targeting different interrelated issues across the tissue planes was recommended for balanced results. The panel developed a practical guide for the appropriate combinations and sequence of treatments, and created treatment protocols for specific skin quality outcome goals. The guide employed an “inside-out” approach, treating the deeper tissue planes prior to the superficial layers to achieve harmonious results.LimitationsFuture studies are needed to support the recommended treatment protocols for skin quality improvement.ConclusionThese findings provide valuable insights on current skin quality trends and gaps in clinical practice. The practical guide provides a framework for practitioners to customize their treatment plan according to each patient’s needs.