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排序方式: 共有1473条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Takayuki Akiyama Hiroshi Miyamoto Yutaka Yonekura Masatsugu Tsukamoto Yoshiki Ando Iwao Noda Motoki Sonohata Masaaki Mawatari 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2013,31(8):1195-1200
Bacterial infection is a serious postoperative complication of joint replacement. To prevent infections related to implantation, we have developed a novel antibacterial coating with Ag‐containing hydroxyapatite (Ag‐HA). In the present study, we examined the antibacterial activity of Ag‐HA implant coatings in the medullary cavity of rat tibiae. Forty 10‐week‐old rats received implantation of Ag‐HA‐ or HA‐coated titanium rods, then were inoculated with ~1.0 × 102 colony‐forming units of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bacterial counts were calculated for rats euthanized at 24, 48, and 72 h postoperatively. Serum levels of Ag (in the Ag‐HA group only) were calculated for rats euthanized at 24, 48, 72 h and 4 weeks. Radiographic evaluations of bone infection were also performed at 4 weeks. Tibiae from both groups showing infection were evaluated histologically. Significant differences in bacterial counts were seen at 24, 48, and 72 h. Mean concentrations of Ag in serum peaked about 48 h after implantation, then gradually decreased. Mean radiographic scores for infection were significantly lower with Ag‐HA implants than with HA implants. Histological examination showed better results for abscesses, bone resorption, and destruction of cortical bone around Ag‐HA‐coated implants. These results indicate that Ag‐HA coatings may help prevent surgical‐site infections associated with joint replacement. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:1195–1200, 2013 相似文献
42.
43.
Kasai S Shono T Komagata O Tsuda Y Kobayashi M Motoki M Kashima I Tanikawa T Yoshida M Tanaka I Shinjo G Hashimoto T Ishikawa T Takahashi T Higa Y Tomita T 《Journal of medical entomology》2007,44(5):822-829
Culex pipiens complex is the significant vector mosquito of West Nile virus. To take stock of the current situation of insecticide susceptibilities and design an ideal mosquito control strategy, we collected Culex pipiens pallens Coquillet, Culex pipiens form molestus Forskal, and Culex quinquefasciatus Say from fields in Japan and conducted bioassays for five larvicides (fenitrothion, temephos, etofenprox, diflubenzuron, and pyriproxyfen) by using a larval dipping method. Among five insecticides tested, obvious reduced susceptibilities were observed for etofenprox, which is the only pyrethroid compound registered as a larvicide in Japan. Twenty-two of 56 colonies exhibited a >10% survival rate at the etofenprox concentration of 5.7 microg/ml, which is a 10 times higher concentration of the working solution. The LC50 of a colony collected from Fukuoka prefecture for etofenprox exceeded 60 microg/ml (resistance ratio >2,307), and this colony also exhibited cross-resistance to other pyrethroids, permethrin (299-fold) and phenothrin (1,200-fold). The insect growth regulators diflubenzuron and pyriproxyfen were found to be sufficiently effective enough to control Culex larvae present, but decreased sensitivities to these insecticides were slightly detected in some colonies of Cx. p. form molestus collected from urban areas. Several etofenprox-resistant colonies of Cx. p. form molestus exhibited simultaneously decreased susceptibilities to other insecticides, including temephos, diflubenzuron, and pyriproxyfen. 相似文献
44.
Shiori Otsuki Eiko Saito Norie Sawada Sarah K. Abe Akihisa Hidaka Taiki Yamaji Taichi Shimazu Atsushi Goto Motoki Iwasaki Hiroyasu Iso Tetsuya Mizoue Kenji Shibuya Manami Inoue Shoichiro Tsugane 《Annals of epidemiology》2018,28(9):597-604.e6
Purpose
We investigated the association between reproductive history and mortality from all and major causes among Japanese women.Methods
A large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan included 40,149 eligible women aged 40–69 years in 1990–1994. A total of 4788 deaths were reported during follow-up (average 20.9 years). A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for all-cause and major causes of mortality, adjusting for potential confounders.Results
Inverse associations with all-cause mortality were found in parous women (0.74 [0.67–0.82]), women with two or three births compared with a single birth (2 births: 0.88 [0.78–0.99]; 3 births: 0.83 [0.74–0.94]), parous women who breastfed (0.81 [0.75–0.87]), women who were older at menopause (0.88 [0.80–0.97]; p-trend: <0.01), and women who had a longer fertility span (0.85 [0.76–0.95]; p-trend: <0.01). A positive association was seen between all-cause mortality and later age at first birth (≥30 years) than early childbearing (≤22 years).Conclusions
Our study suggests that parous, two or three births, breastfeeding, late age at menopause, and longer reproductive span are associated with lower risk of all-cause of mortality. 相似文献45.
Manabu Kawai Masaji Tani Seiko Hirono Ken-ichi Okada Motoki Miyazawa Hiroki Yamaue 《World journal of surgery》2014,38(6):1476-1483
Background
We showed in a previous study that pylorus-resecting pancreaticoduodenectomy (PrPD), which divides the stomach adjacent to the pylorus ring, preserves more than 95 % of the stomach and significantly reduced the incidence of delayed gastric emptying (DGE) compared with pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PpPD). However, long-term outcomes of PrPD and the adverse effect of early postoperative DGE on long-term outcomes remain unclear.Methods
A total of 130 patients enrolled in a previous study were followed for 24 months after surgery. Primary endpoint was whether PrPD is a better surgical procedure than PpPD regarding long-term outcomes.Results
Weight loss > grade 2 (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Version 4.03) at 24 months after surgery was significantly better in group PrPD (16.2 %) than in group PpPD (42.2 %) (p = 0.011). Nutritional status and late postoperative complications were similar for the two groups. The incidence of weight loss > grade 2 at 24 months was 63.6 % in DGE patients with DGE and 25.3 % in non-DGE patients (p = 0.010). T max (time to peak 13CO2 content in 13C-acetate breath test) at 24 months in DGE patients was significantly delayed compared with that in non-DGE patients (27.9 ± 22.7 vs. 16.5 ± 10.1 min, p = 0.023). Serum albumin level at 24 months was higher in non-DGE patients than in those with DGE (3.7 ± 0.6 vs. 4.1 ± 0.4 g/dl, p = 0.013).Conclusions
PrPD offers long-term outcomes similar to those of PpPD. DGE may be associated with weight loss and poor nutritional status in patients with long-term outcomes. 相似文献46.
Takahito Fujimori Motoki Iwasaki Yukitaka Nagamoto Yohei Matsuo Takahiro Ishii Tsuyoshi Sugiura Masafumi Kashii Tsuyoshi Murase Kazuomi Sugamoto Hideki Yoshikawa 《The spine journal》2014,14(9):1991-1999
Background contextIn vivo three-dimensional kinematics of the thoracic spine in trunk lateral bending with an intact rib cage and soft tissues has not been well documented. There is no quantitative data in the literature for lateral bending in consecutive thoracic spinal segments, and there has not been consensus on the patterns of coupled motion with lateral bending.PurposeTo demonstrate segmental ranges of motion (ROMs) in lateral bending and coupled motions of the thoracic spine.Study designIn vivo three-dimensional biomechanics study of the thoracic spine.Patient sampleFifteen healthy male volunteers.Outcome measuresComputed analysis by using voxel-based registration.MethodsParticipants underwent computed tomography of the thoracic spine in three supine positions: neutral, right maximum lateral bending, and left maximum lateral bending. The relative motions of vertebrae were calculated by automatically superimposing an image of vertebrae in a neutral position over images in bending positions, using voxel-based registration. Mean values of lateral bending were compared among the upper (T1–T2 to T3–T4), the middle-upper (T4–T5 to T6–T7), the middle-lower (T7–T8 to T9–T10), and the lower (T10–T11 to T12–L1) parts of the spine.ResultsAt lateral bending, the mean ROM (±standard deviation) of T1 with respect to L1 was 15.6°±6.3° for lateral bending and 6.2°±4.8° for coupled axial rotation in the same direction as lateral bending. The mean lateral bending of each spinal segment with respect to the inferior adjacent vertebra was 1.4°±1.3° at T1–T2, 1.3°±1.2° at T2–T3, 1.4°±1.3° at T3–T4, 0.9°±0.9° at T4–T5, 0.8°±1.0° at T5–T6, 1.1°±1.1° at T6–T7, 1.7°±1.2° at T7–T8, 1.3°±1.2° at T8–T9, 1.6°±0.7° at T9–T10, 1.8°±0.8° at T10–T11, 2.3°±1.0° at T11–T12, and 2.2°±0.8° at T12–L1. The smallest and the largest amounts of lateral bending were observed in the middle-upper and the lower parts, respectively. There was no significant difference in lateral bending between the upper and the middle-lower parts. Coupled axial rotation of each segment was generally observed in the same direction as lateral bending. However, high variability was found at the T2–T3 to T5–T6 segments. Coupled flexion was observed at the upper and middle parts, and coupled extension was observed at the lower part.ConclusionsThis study revealed in vivo three-dimensional motions of consecutive thoracic spinal segments in trunk lateral bending. The thoracolumbar segments significantly contributed to lateral bending. Coupled axial rotation generally occurred in the same direction with lateral bending. However, more variability was observed in the direction of coupled axial rotation at T2–T3 to T5–T6 segments in the supine position. These results are useful for understanding normal kinematics of the thoracic spine. 相似文献
47.
Akio Kawamura Makoto Osanai Masamichi Katori Motoki Yonekawa Masao Saitoh 《Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy》1998,2(4):292-296
Abstract: Leukocytapheresis (LCAP) is widely used for the treatment of immunological diseases. We studied a new treatment of LCAP using a nonwoven polyester filter. In a basic study, 30–70% of the lymphocytes were adsorbed. Also, 30–68% of the lymphocyte subsets were removed. This method was applied to 2 patients with corti-costeroid-resistant active ulerative colitis. Erosion, edema, bleeding, ulcer formation, and stenosis of the colon were almost completely repaired after 6 LCAP treatments. LCAP using a nonwoven polyester filter will be a very useful treatment for immunological diseases and extracorporeal immunomodulation. 相似文献
48.
Hiroyuki?Takahama Masanori?Asakura Yukio?Abe Masayoshi?Ajioka Kazutaka?Aonuma Toshihisa?Anzai Takaharu?Hayashi Shinya?Hiramitsu Hiroya?Kawai Hidetaka?Kioka Kazuo?Kimura Young-Jae?Lim Ken?Matsuoka Hirohiko?Motoki Yoji?Nagata Sunao?Nakamura Nobuyuki?Ohte Yukio?Ozaki Taishi?Sasaoka Shunsuke?Tamaki Toshimitsu?Hamasaki Masafumi?Kitakaze 《Cardiovascular drugs and therapy / sponsored by the International Society of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy》2018,32(4):381-388
Background
Previous studies suggest that the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized not only by high ventricular stiffness, but also by vascular stiffness. Azilsartan has higher vascular affinity compared with other angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which were proven to have no beneficial effects on clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF in earlier clinical trials. We aimed to test the hypothesis that azilsartan may improve left ventricular diastolic function in HFpEF patients with hypertension in this trial.Methods
The Effects of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Diastolic Function in Patients Suffering from Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: J-TASTE trial is a multicenter, randomized, open-labeled, and assessor(s)-blinded, active controlled using candesartan, parallel-group clinical trial, to compare changes in left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction between HFpEF patients with hypertension who have received candesartan or azilsartan for 48 weeks. The primary endpoint is the change in early diastolic wave height/early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (E/e’) assessed by echocardiography from the baseline to the end of the study (48 weeks). A total of 190 patients will be recruited into the study.Conclusions
The design of the J-TASTE trial will provide data on whether differences between the effects of the two tested drugs on LV diastolic function exist in HFpEF patients with hypertension and will improve understanding of the pathophysiological role of vascular stiffness on diastolic function.49.
Activation of natural killer T cells by alpha-galactosylceramide in the presence of CD1d provides protection against colitis in mice 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Saubermann LJ Beck P De Jong YP Pitman RS Ryan MS Kim HS Exley M Snapper S Balk SP Hagen SJ Kanauchi O Motoki K Sakai T Terhorst C Koezuka Y Podolsky DK Blumberg RS 《Gastroenterology》2000,119(1):119-128
BACKGROUND & AIMS: CD1d is a major histocompatibility complex class I-like molecule that presents glycolipid antigens to a subset of natural killer (NK)1.1(+) T cells. These NK T cells exhibit important immunoregulatory functions in several autoimmune disease models. METHODS: To investigate whether CD1d and NK T cells have a similar role in intestinal inflammation, the effects of the glycolipid, alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer), on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis were examined. Wild-type (WT), CD1d(-/-), and RAG(-/-) mice were examined for their response to either alpha-GalCer or the control analogue, alpha-mannosylceramide (alpha-ManCer). RESULTS: WT mice, but not CD1d(-/-) and RAG(-/-) mice, receiving alpha-GalCer had a significant improvement in DSS-induced colitis based on body weight, bleeding, diarrhea, and survival when compared with those receiving alpha-ManCer. Elimination of NK T cells through antibody-mediated depletion resulted in a reduction of the effect of alpha-GalCer. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of NK T cells preactivated by alpha-GalCer, but not alpha-ManCer, resulted in diminished colitis. Using a fluorescent-labeled analogue of alpha-GalCer, confocal microscopy localized alpha-GalCer to the colonic surface epithelium of WT but not CD1d(-/-) mice, indicating alpha-GalCer binds CD1d in the intestinal epithelium and may be functionally active at this site. CONCLUSIONS: These results show an important functional role for NK T cells, activated by alpha-GalCer in a CD1d-restricted manner, in regulating intestinal inflammation. 相似文献
50.
Tohru Tamaki Mitsuko Tanaka Masamichi Katori Makoto Osanai Mitsuo Yasuhara Jun-ichi Meguro Kazutaka Kukita Motoki Yonekawa Akio Kawamura 《Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy》1998,2(4):308-310
Abstract: The barrier of ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation is the presence of anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the recipient's circulating blood. Double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) is usually used to eliminate those antibodies. We tried cryofiltration apheresis (CRYO) in 2 recipients. Patient 1 was a 45-year-old male with B, Rh(±). The titers of IgM anti-A antibody were only reduced from ×64 to ×32 by the end of 3 sessions of standard CRYO. Renal allografting was not performed. Case 2 was a 29-year-old male with B, Rh(+). CRYO was introduced for 3 sessions. The initial IgM and IgG titers were ×128 and negative, respectively. The standard CRYO system was modified by temperature, treated volume, and filter pore size. The IgM anti-A antibody titer was markedly reduced to ×2 after the final session of CRYO. The donor was a 56-year-old father with A, Rh(+). Tacrolimus, azathio-prine, methylprednisolone, and antilymphocyte globulin were used as the introductory immunosuppression therapy. 相似文献