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A preventive intervention for enhancing resilience among highly stressed urban children 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Emory L. Cowen Peter A. Wyman William C. Work Miriam R. Iker 《The journal of primary prevention》1995,15(3):247-260
Describes the development and evaluation of a pilot 12-session, school-based preventive intervention designed to enhance resilience among inner-city children who have experienced major life stress. Thirty-six 4th–6th grade children participated in the intervention in groups of 5–8 co-led by school personnel. The curriculum focussed on understanding feelings in oneself and others, perspective-taking, social problem-solving, dealing with solvable and unsolvable problems, and building self-efficacy and esteem. Pre-post evaluation showed significant improvement among participants on teacher-rated indices of learning problems and task orientation and on child ratings of perceived self-efficacy, realistic control attributions and anxiety. Program limitations and factors that restrict generalization are considered and new directions for program development and research are proposed. 相似文献
25.
Marjorie C. Feinson Yaacov Lerner Daphna Levinson & Miriam Popper 《The Milbank quarterly》1997,75(2):235-260
Untested assumptions concerning ambulatory treatment have shaped mental health policies for decades. Three opinions prevail: (1) all use is alike; (2) any use leads to high use; and (3) all high use is discretionary and therefore excessive. These assumptions were tested, using data from a nationwide survey of ambulatory utilizers in Israel, a country that has universal coverage. The findings, based on detailed clinical and treatment records, challenge all three assumptions. Moreover, they document a diversity of clinical needs while also verifying substantial variations in the type, frequency, and duration of treatment provided to meet those needs. In brief, Israeli data do not confirm continuing concerns by policy makers about uncontrollable use of services with expanded mental health coverage. Special policy limitations on mental health treatment should be reconsidered in light of empirical evidence from a system without the restrictions that exist in the United States. 相似文献
26.
Zhao Canxi Wu Yan Lei Ying Ruan Heqiu Wolfgang Voelter Albrecht Jung Miriam Schick 《华中科技大学学报(医学英德文版)》1996,16(4):203-204
Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung des ?thylazetatextraktes von Chrysanthemum morifolium auf P. falciparum wurde in vitro untersucht. W?hrend sich
die Parasit?mie bei der Kontrollgruppe bis zu 10. 90 % entwickelte, wurde bei dem mit ?thylazetatextrakt in einer Konzentration
von 100 μg/ml Medium am 5. Tag der Kultur eine signifikante Hemmwirkung auf die Parasiten beobachtet. Die Parasit?mie blieb
bei 1. 00 %.
Diese Arbeit wurde durch die Stiftung von “National Nature Science Foundation of China” finanziert (No. 39260066) 相似文献
27.
Daniela Concolino Simona Sestito Francesca Falvo Giusy Romano Miriam Ceravolo Elisa Anastasio Licia Pensabene Elisa A. Colombo Lidia Larizza 《European journal of medical genetics》2019,62(1):73-76
Clericuzio-type poikiloderma with neutropenia is a well-defined nosological entity, but despite a remarkable number of clinical reports, no long term follow-up data has been presented to date regarding patients with this rare condition.Here we describe the results of clinical follow-up of three siblings, one male (Patient 1) and two females (Patients 2 and 3), subsequent to their first clinical and then molecular diagnosis of Clericuzio-type poikiloderma with neutropenia syndrome due to mutation of USB1gene. Patient 1 always expressed the most severe phenotype, while patients 2 and 3 showed an intermediate and mild phenotype, respectively, as observed since their first clinical evaluation. None of the patients developed skin cancer and/or myelodysplastic disorders considering the peripheral haematological findings. Lens opacity, never reported before, was found in two of the three patients.The long term follow-up observations confirm the stability over time of the pronounced intra-familial heterogeneity of clinical manifestations observed prior to and upon molecular diagnosis. We conclude that prolonged follow-up is an adjunct tool to monitor intra-familial variability of PN clinical spectrum which may favour surveillance of more serious complications of the disease among siblings, when a patient-specific clinical expressivity is present. 相似文献
28.
Ossewaarde ME Bots ML van der Schouw YT de Kleijn MJ Wilmink HW Bak AA Planellas J Banga JD Grobbee DE 《Maturitas》2003,45(1):47-54
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether improvement in endothelial function of the brachial artery observed in women treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be explained by changes in lipid profile or blood pressure, information was used obtained in a single-centre, randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS: Hundred-and-five healthy postmenopausal women, aged 50-65 years, were treated with 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) combined with 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) (CEE+MPA), 2.5 mg tibolone or placebo for 3 months. At baseline and after 3 months, endothelial function was assessed using flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitro glycerine-mediated dilatation (NMD). Furthermore, lipids were measured. Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to address the research question. RESULTS: Treatment with CEE+MPA resulted in an improvement in FMD of 2.0% (95% CI: -0.1; 4.1). CEE/MPA reduced total cholesterol with 13% (95% CI: -18%; -7%), LDL-cholesterol with 23% (95% CI: -30%; -15%) and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) with 14% (95% CI: -26%; -2%). The magnitude of the relation of CEE/MPA with endothelial function was attenuated to from 2.0 to 1.6% when change in Lp(a) was taken into account. Adjustments for other lipids or blood pressure did not attenuate the association. CONCLUSIONS: The improvement in endothelial function in postmenopausal women treated with CEE+MPA appears to be partially mediated by change in Lp(a), and apparently not by changes in other lipids. 相似文献
29.
Schild LJ Phillips DH Osborne MR Hewer A Beland FA Churchwell MI Brown K Gaskell M Wright E Poirier MC 《Mutagenesis》2005,20(2):115-124
Liver homogenates from rats fed tamoxifen (TAM) in the diet were shared among four different laboratories. TAM-DNA adducts were assayed by high pressure liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ES-MS/MS), TAM-DNA chemiluminescence immunoassay (TAM-DNA CIA), and (32)P-postlabeling with either thin layer ((32)P-P-TLC) or liquid chromatography ((32)P-P-HPLC) separation. In the first study, rats were fed a diet containing 500 p.p.m. TAM for 2 months, and the values for measurements of the (E)-alpha-(deoxyguanosin-N(2)-yl)-tamoxifen (dG-N(2)-TAM) adduct in replicate rat livers varied by 3.5-fold when quantified using 'in house' TAM-DNA standards, or other approaches where appropriate. In the second study, rats were fed 0, 50, 250 or 500 p.p.m. TAM for 2 months, and TAM-DNA values were quantified using both 'in house' approaches as well as a newly synthesized [N-methyl-(3)H]TAM-DNA standard that was shared among all the participating groups. In the second study, the total TAM-DNA adduct values varied by 2-fold, while values for the dG-N(2)-TAM varied by 2.5-fold. Ratios of dG-N(2)-TAM:(E)-alpha-(deoxyguanosin-N(2)-yl)-N-desmethyltamoxifen (dG-N(2)-N-desmethyl-TAM) in the second study were approximately 1:1 over the range of doses examined. The study demonstrated a remarkably good agreement for TAM-DNA adduct measurements among the diverse methods employed. 相似文献
30.
Atsuko Fujimoto Joseph W. Towner Allan J. Ebbin Emily J. Kahlstrom Miriam G. Wilson 《Journal of medical genetics》1974,11(3):287-291
A boy with unusual facial appearance and mental retardation was found to have duplication for the distal half of the long arm of chromosome No. 15 and possibly deficiency for the distal end of the long arm of No. 21. The chromosome abnormality was inherited from his mother, who had a translocation involving chromosomes Nos. 15 and 21. Giemsa-banding localized the break point in chromosome No. 15 just distal to the intense band at the midportion of the long arm. The break point in chromosome No. 21 appeared to be at the distal end of the long arm. The difficulty encountered in cytogenetic analysis of the propositus with conventional staining, the importance of chromosome analysis of the parents, and the application of differential staining techniques are also presented. 相似文献