经皮肺动脉瓣球囊成形术三种方法的对比分析

目的探讨聚乙烯单囊法、双球囊法及Inoue球囊法行经皮肺动脉瓣球囊成形术(PBPV)治疗先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)的效果及选择要点.方法对42例先天性PS患者分别采用单囊法(n=15)、双球囊法(n=9)及Inoue球囊法(n=18)行PBPV治疗,对比分析手术前后血液动力学变化及瓣膜最大开放直径.结果PBPV术后右室收缩压、右室流出道收缩压分别由(14.69±6.01)kPa和(12.16±3.48)kPa下降至(8.14±5.26)kPa和(5.39±2.21)kPa,肺动脉收缩压由(1.57±0.56)kPa上升至(2.75±0.62)kPa.肺动脉瓣最大开放直径由术前的(8.90±2.06)cm上升至(17.16±2.16)cm.单囊法、双球囊法及Inoue球囊法术后跨肺动脉瓣压力阶差分别为(2.40±2.05)kPa、(3.29±2.25)kPa和(2.52±1.95)kPa;收缩期右室至肺动脉总压力阶差分别为(2.40±2.05)kPa、(4.98±4.26)kPa、(6.16±6.93)kPa和(5.65±4.75)kPa.平均随访(2.5±1.6)年,超声多普勒测肺动脉瓣流速从术后的(2.38±1.89)m/s降至(2.22±1.96)m/s,跨肺动脉瓣压力阶差(3.02±1.9)kPa降低至(2.86±2.04)kPa.结论①3种PBPV方法治疗PS均可取得较好的近期及中远期疗效.②对瓣环较小的低年龄患者,应选用聚乙烯单球囊法;而对瓣环较大、主肺动脉扩张的大龄患者应首选Inoue球囊法,聚乙烯双囊法偶可作为Inoue球囊法的补充.     

关于心律失常教学课件的设计制作构想

介绍了一种基于计算机动画和视频剪辑技术的心律失常教学课件的设计思想、课件内容及演示特点。     

A phase II trial of capecitabine in previously untreated patients with advanced and/or metastatic gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Capecitabine (Xeloda) is a novel, oral, selectively tumor-activated fluoropyrimidine with proven activity in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. This trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety and feasibility of capecitabine in previously untreated patients with advanced and/or metastatic gastric cancer, with a view to replacing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in such patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients received capecitabine 1250 mg/m2 twice daily (2500 mg/m2/day) for 14 days followed by 7 days of rest, for up to six cycles. RESULTS: Capecitabine produced an objective response rate of 34% (all partial responses) and stable disease in 14 patients (30%). The median time to disease progression (TTP) was 3.2 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7-6.4 months] and median overall survival was 9.5 months (95% CI 6.9-13.2 months). Hand-foot syndrome (HFS), nausea, anorexia, diarrhea and vomiting were the most common adverse events. While HFS was the most frequent grade 3/4 toxicity (National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria), only 9% of patients experienced grade 3 HFS. Severe myelosuppression was not reported during the study. CONCLUSIONS: Capecitabine monotherapy is active and well tolerated as first-line therapy in patients with advanced/metastatic gastric cancer. Larger comparative trials investigating capecitabine-based combination regimens in patients with advanced gastric cancer are warranted.     

胃肠术后1号治疗急性弥漫性腹膜炎的研究

目的　探讨胃肠术后 1号治疗急性弥漫性腹膜炎的疗效。方法　测定 2 0例急性弥漫性腹膜炎患者 (随机分为 2组 :对照组 10例 ,治疗组 10例 )血中乳酸、DAO水平。结果　急性弥漫性腹膜炎患者血中乳酸、DAO呈现不同程度升高 ,经治疗随病情好转 ,血中乳酸、DAO呈现不同程度下降 ,而治疗组血中乳酸、DAO下降幅度显著 ,优于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　血中乳酸、DAO在急性弥漫性腹膜炎患者病理过程中起重要作用 ,可作为评估急性弥漫性腹膜炎患者严重程度的指标 ,胃肠术后 1号使乳酸、DAO水平下降 ,促进疾病恢复     

冠状动脉支架及其可降解高分子应用的研究进展

综述了近年来针对支架手术中再狭窄而采用的几种金属支架表面改性的方法与可降解医用高分子支架的发展、研究现状,其中包括对目前常用的可降解材料--聚乳酸进行了概述,以及应用有限元方法对可降解支架的支撑力进行的初步探索.     

实施临床路径基础问题--临床路径图质量与应用

在临床路径正被我国逐步认同和探索实施之际,文章对临床路经图设计的质量和病历应用中存在的问题,在回顾国内、外文献和对兄弟医院调研的基础上,提出了完善的方法,以促进临床路径这一全新的医疗服务模式在我国顺利地推广应用。     

加强急诊外科的临床教学工作

培养合格的临床医生,急诊外科的临床实习是其重要组成部分。强化教学意识;根据急诊外科工作特点,突出急诊特色开展临床教学;结合急诊外科工作特点,采取多种形式开展临床教学是加强急诊外科临床教学工作的有效途径和方法。     

Juvenile onset ankylosing spondylitis (JAS) has less severe spinal disease course than adult onset ankylosing spondylitis (AAS): clinical comparison between JAS and AAS in Korea

OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of juvenile onset ankylosing spondylitis (JAS) in Korean patients with AS and to differentiate the clinical characteristics of JAS from adult onset ankylosing spondylitis (AAS). METHODS: We studied 98 consecutive patients with AS who visited the rheumatology clinic of a tertiary referral center and compared clinical and radiographic features of JAS (n = 41) with those of AAS (n = 57). RESULTS: Median age at onset in JAS was 14 years (range 7-16) and in AAS 22 years (range 17-38) (p < 0.01). Patients with JAS at presentation showed fewer spinal symptoms and more frequent peripheral joint symptoms than those with AAS (41.5% vs 80.7% and 73.2% vs 36.8%, respectively; p < 0.01). Current cervical spine disease was more frequent in AAS (66.7% vs 43.9%; p = 0.02) and current knee disease in JAS (26.8% vs 8.8%; p = 0.02). Patients with JAS showed a shorter tragus-wall distance (mean +/- SD 10.6 +/- 1.7 vs 13.1 +/- 6.9 cm; p < 0.01), more mobility on the modified Schober test (5.7 +/- 2.0 vs 4.0 +/- 2.6 cm; p < 0.01) and chest expansion (4.4 +/- 1.7 vs 3.2 +/- 1.8 cm; p < 0.01), and a better forced vital capacity (75.1 +/- 14.1% vs 82.1 +/- 16.1% of predicted value; p = 0.03) than those with AAS. Totally ankylosed sacroiliitis and spinal syndesmophyte on radiographs were less frequent in JAS patients than in AAS (19.5% vs 47.4% and 17.1% vs 54.4%, respectively; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The frequency of JAS (41.3%) among Koreans was higher than that reported for Caucasians. General joint involvement pattern at disease onset in JAS was similar to previous reports. Our data suggest that clinically and radiographically JAS has a less severe spinal disease course than AAS.