膀胱癌高危乳头瘤病毒定位研究及临床意义

目的：进一步探讨高危ＨＰＶ１６、１５与膀胱癌的病因学关系。方法：运用改良的原位杂交技术对５２例福尔马林固定石蜡包理膀胱乳头状移行细胞癌组织进行高危ＨＰＶＤＮＡ定位检测。结果：ＨＰＶ ＤＮＡ的阳性信号存在于肿瘤细胞核内,呈点状,也可为点片状,位于乳头癌全层,癌旁不典型增生上皮、癌旁正常的上皮组织及Ｂｒｕｎｎ氏巢可同时有高危ＨＰＶ的点片状表达。５２例膀光乳头状移行细胞癌中高危型ＨＰＶ１６、１８ＤＮＡ阳     

心脏停搏液pH值对大鼠未成熟心肌的影响

目的　探讨心脏停搏液 p H值对离体未成熟大鼠心肌的影响 .方法　采用 SD幼鼠 (18～ 2 1d)离体工作心模型 ,14℃低温缺血 12 0 min,缺血前分别以 p H为 6 .40 ,7.0 0 ,7.2 5 ,7.40 ,7.80和 8.2 0的 St.Thomas' 液单次灌注 ,观察记录缺血前后心功能的变化及心肌 CPK漏出量 .结果　1缺血再灌注 30 m in后主动脉流量恢复百分比依次为 (6 2±5 ) % ,(72± 4) % ,(83± 4) % ,(78± 3) % ,(70± 3) %和 (5 8±4) % ,以 p H 7.2 5组保护效果最好 .2心肌 CPK漏出量各组间无显著差异 .结论　 p H值为 7.2 5的弱酸性心脏停搏液对大鼠未成熟心肌可提供良好的保护作用 ,同时大鼠未成熟心肌可耐受较大范围的 p H变化 .     

获取母血中纯化胎儿有核红细胞行产前基因分析

目的　探讨获取母血中纯化胎儿细胞的有效方法。方法　对 6 0名孕龄 7～ 40周、年龄 2 1～ 30岁的孕妇外周血进行不连续密度梯度离心 ,将分离后的细胞进行制片 ,显微镜下行显微操作分离胎儿有核红细胞 ,进行 Y染色体特异性DYZ1基因的聚合酶链反应 (PCR)。结果　 (1)早孕期母血中胎儿 NRBC检出率为 2 0 % ,中孕期母血中胎儿 NRBC检出率为 71.4% ,晚孕期母血中胎儿 NRBC检出率为 6 .6 5 % ,三者之间有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;(2 )用显微操作技术获得的胎儿细胞数量已满足 PCR扩增所需的模板量 ,对胎儿性别进行预测 ,男胎符合率为 11/ 13(84.6 % ) ,性别符合率为 2 6 / 2 8(92 .9% )。结论　不连续密度梯度离心合并显微操作技术对于无创性早期产前基因诊断意义重大。     

畅脉舒对家兔动脉粥样硬化的防治作用

目的 探讨畅永舒防治动脉粥样化（ＡＳ）的作用机制。方法 采用高胆固醇饲料喂养,建立家兔ＡＳ模型,随机分为对照组、模型组、地奥心血康组（地奥组）和畅脉舒用药组,每组在实验第１４周取血标本因脂、血清一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、血浆内皮素（ＥＴ）、环鸟苷酸（ｃＧＭＰ）、脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）等指标。结果 与模型组比较,畅脉舒及地奥组１３周后均胡提高ＮＯ,ｃＧＭＰ,高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ     

SIGNIFICANCE OF P- SELECTIN EXPRESSION IN IGA NEPHROPATHY

R68umeobjectifInvestigationdur6ledeP-selectinedanslamaladiedeBuerger.MdthodesNiveaudeP-selectineplasmatiqueetaitmesureparELISAetl,exPressiondeP-selectineauniveaudutissurdnalitaitd4tectieparl'immunohistochimieethybridizationinsituchez45maladesatteintsdemaladiedeBuePger.RdsuItatsNveaudeP-8electinepla8matiqueche2lesmaladesatteintsdemaladiedeBuergerestplus4levequeceuxdecontr6le.Leniveauche2lesmaladesavecsyndromen4Phrotiqueouinsullsancede/Onctionrdnaleestbeaueoopplushautqueceluide8maladesav…     

三种药物对早孕妇女宫颈松弛活性观察报告

将 2 31例早孕妇女人工流产术前随机分为四组 :A组 (n =5 2 )口服米非司酮 2 5mg ,每日 2次 ,共 4次 ;B组 (n =6 0 )米索前列醇 6 0 0 μg ,顿服 ;C组 (n =6 3)宫术安栓 0 4g纳肛 ;D组 (n =5 6 ,对照组 ,不用任何药物 )。用Hegar宫颈扩张器测试无阻力通过宫颈内口的最大直径 (X±S　mm) ,A、B、C、D组分别为 7 2 2± 0 71,7 11± 0 72 ,5 6 2± 0 74,4 6 3± 0 84。经统计学分析A、B组与C、D组有显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1)。结果显示米非司酮和米索前列醇对早孕宫颈有较为肯定的松弛作用。     

P选择素和ICAM—1在肾缺血再灌注损伤中的作用

目的 探讨Ｐ选择素和细胞间粘附分子－１（ＩＣＡＭ－１）在肾缺血再灌注损伤中的作用。方法 建立缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型,观察缺血再灌注后肾组织Ｐ选择素和ＩＣＡＭ－１的表达,并用Ｐ选择单克隆抗体进行了治疗。结果 发现缺血再灌注后肾小管人泡变性玫片状坏死,血尿素氮（ＢＵＮ）和肌酐（ＳＣｒ）水平升高;但再灌注前５ｍｉｎ经Ｐ选择互单抗处理的动物肾组织与正常相近,肾小管上皮细胞未见变性及坏死,血ＢＵＮ和ＳＣｒ水     

Reasons for contraceptive discontinuation in women 20-39 years old in New Zealand.

To estimate the frequency and the medical and nonmedical reasons for discontinuation of oral contraceptive (OC), intrauterine device (IUD), and injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use, data from a cohort of experienced contraceptive users in New Zealand are reported. The current analysis consists of 2469 OC, 2072 IUD, and 1721 DMPA users followed over a period of 5 years. The percentage of women who discontinued the use of the method within 24 months after entry into the cohort were 42%, 44%, and 48%, respectively, for OC, IUD, and DMPA; these differences were not statistically significant. The most common reasons given for discontinuing a contraceptive method, regardless of which method was in use, were the desire to conceive, patient preference, no longer needing contraception, and vasectomy. Among the medical reasons, menorrhagia and intermenstrual bleeding were the reasons for discontinuing use of the method in 1.5 and 1.1 times per 100 women-years among DMPA users and in 1.8 and 4.7 times per 100 women-years among OC users. Pelvic pain and infection were reasons for discontinuing contraceptive method, respectively, 4.4 and 4.3 times per 100 women-years among IUD users. In conclusion, the present study confirms, in this New Zealand population, the high discontinuation rate of contraceptive methods reported elsewhere. In contrast with previous suggestions, in this study, irregular bleeding was not an important medical reason for discontinuation of DMPA use.     

Lunelle monthly contraceptive injection (medroxyprogesterone acetate and estradiol cypionate injectable suspension): effects of body weight and injection sites on pharmacokinetics

A new contraceptive option, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and estradiol cypionate (E2C) (MPA/E2C, Lunelle Monthly Contraceptive Injection), will soon be available for women in the US. This article reports the results of a US trial that assessed the effects of body weight and injection site on the pharmacokinetics of MPA, the progestin mediating contraceptive efficacy. This assessment was part of a nonrandomized, open-label, multicenter US study in healthy women receiving a monthly injection of MPA/E2C for 60 weeks. A total of 77 women (aged 18-47 years) at four centers participated in the pharmacokinetics assessment during the sixth or the seventh injection. For determination of serum MPA concentration-time profiles, blood samples were collected before the sixth and seventh injections (day 0) and on days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after the sixth and seventh monthly administrations. For effects of injection site, MPA pharmacokinetics were compared at injection sites of the arm, hip, and leg. The pharmacokinetics of MPA, determined at the sixth and seventh injection, were not significantly affected by injection sites. The mean area under the curve (AUC0-28), however, was different between the arm and the leg injection sites; the difference was < 20%. More important, the average MPA trough concentrations (Cmin) at the fifth and sixth monthly injections were similar (range 0.42-0.51 ng/mL) for the three injection sites and well above the threshold levels of 0.10-0.20 ng/mL required to suppress ovulation. For effects of body mass index (BMI) on pharmacokinetics, women were stratified into three groups: thin/normal (BMI 18-28, n = 48), obese (BMI 29-38, n = 23), and highly obese (BMI > 38, n = 6). There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of MPA among the three BMI categories. The only significant difference (p = 0.0387) was the AUC0-28 between BMI 18-28 and BMI 29-38. Because of the small sample size in the highly obese group, a reanalysis was performed by pooling subjects of the obese and highly obese groups. Results of the pooled statistical analysis remained the same. In summary, these results suggest that minor differences observed in the MPA pharmacokinetics--whether due to injection site or body weight or both--have no impact on the contraceptive efficacy of MPA/E2C, as trough concentrations (Cmin) are well above the threshold levels required to suppress ovulation. No dose adjustment is necessary based on body weight or injection site.     

Both the antioxidant and D3 agonist actions of pramipexole mediate its neuroprotective actions in mesencephalic cultures

Pramipexole (PPX) is a full intrinsic activity, direct-acting dopamine (DA) agonist possessing 7-fold higher affinity for D3 than for D2 receptors. It also is a potent antioxidant. PPX was previously shown to be neuroprotective because it dose dependently attenuated the DA neuron loss produced by levodopa in mesencephalic cultures. Several different drugs with properties similar to PPX were studied here to better understand the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for this neuroprotective effect. The D3-preferring agonist 7-hydroxy-diphenylaminotetralin (7-OH-DPAT) and the D3 antagonist U99194, respectively, increased and decreased the neuroprotective effects of PPX in a dose-dependent fashion. Addition of the selective D2 agonist U95666 or the D2/D3 antagonists domperidone or raclopride did not affect PPX's neuroprotective effect. Interestingly, 7-OH-DPAT by itself did not attenuate the DA neuron loss produced by levodopa. However, when 7-OH-DPAT was combined with a low dose of the antioxidants U101033E or alpha-tocopherol, the toxic effects of levodopa were attenuated. Similar results were observed when the D3-preferring agonist PD128, 907 was studied. In addition, media conditioned by exposure of mesencephalic cultures incubated with all D3-preferring agonists studied was shown to enhance the growth of DA neurons in freshly harvested recipient cultures implicating a D3-mediated trophic activity in the neuroprotective effect. These data suggest that PPX's neuroprotective actions in the levodopa toxicity model are a consequence of its combined actions as a D3 receptor agonist and an antioxidant.