Magnetic recyclable CoFe2O4@PPy prepared by in situ Fenton oxidization polymerization with advanced photo-Fenton performance

Here we present a magnetic recyclable photo-Fenton catalyst CoFe₂O₄@PPy with uniform morphology and excellent dispersibility prepared via simple in situ Fenton oxidization polymerization. The CoFe₂O₄ core provides good magnetic recyclability for the catalysts as well as the ion source for catalyzed decomposition of H₂O₂ in PPy coating. The optimal catalytic effect can be obtained by adjusting the ratio of CoFe₂O₄ and PPy. Methylene blue, Methyl orange and Rhodamine B (RhB) employed as model pollutants certificated that the catalyst exhibits a wide range of photodegradability. The decoloration rates reach nearly 100% in the photodegradation of 10 mg L⁻¹ RhB after 2 h visible-light irradiation and only low toxicity small molecules are detected by LC-MS. Moreover, the catalytic activity remains after 5 cycles with decoloration rates up to 90%. The degradation measurement in the presence of scavengers of reactive species reveals that the positive holes (h⁺) and hydroxyl radical (·OH) are the main reactive oxygen species in the CoFe₂O₄@PPy system. The performance enhancement may be attributed to the combination of improved Fenton activity by coordinated Fe²⁺ and PPy redox pairs and photo-catalytic activity by broaden adsorption and photo-generated charge separation.

Here we present a magnetic recyclable photo-Fenton catalyst CoFe₂O₄@PPy with uniform morphology and excellent dispersibility prepared via simple in situ Fenton oxidization polymerization.     

Nebulized hypertonic saline treatment in hospitalized children with moderate to severe viral bronchiolitis

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of frequently inhaled nebulized hypertonic saline (HS) in infants with moderate to severe bronchiolitis. One hundred and twenty-six infants were randomized to receive either nebulized 3% hypertonic saline (HS) or 0.9% normal saline (NS), but only 112 patients completed the whole study. Cough, wheezing, pulmonary physical signs, clinical severity scores and the hospital length of stay (LOS) were recorded. The wheezing remission time was 4.8 ± 1.0 days in the NS group and 3.6 ± 0.9 days in the HS group (p <0.01). The cough remission time was 5.5 ± 0.9 days in the NS group and 4.3 ± 0.7 days in the HS group (p <0.01). The moist crackles disappeared at 6.2 ± 0.7 days in the NS group and at 4.4 ± 0.9 days in the HS group (p <0.01). The clinical severity scores decreased more significantly in the HS group than in the NS group on each day within 96 h after enrolment (p <0.01). The LOS decreased from 6.4 ± 1.4 days in the NS group to 4.8 ± 1.2 days in the HS group (p <0.01). The treatment was well tolerated, with no adverse effects attributable to nebulized HS. The conclusions are that frequently inhaled HS relieved symptoms and signs faster than NS, and shortened LOS significantly for infants with moderate to severe bronchiolitis, without apparent adverse effects.     

Comparative study on the catalytic steam reforming of biomass pyrolysis oil and its derivatives for hydrogen production

In order to explore the reforming process of biomass pyrolysis oil in depth, the catalytic steam reforming (SR) of crude bio-oil (BIO) derived from rapid pyrolysis of rice husk and its derivatives for hydrogen production was studied by means of a bench-scale fixed-bed unit combined with the FTIR/TCD technique. The physico-chemical properties and compositions of BIO were determined. Acetic acid (HOAc), ethylene glycol (EG), acetone (ACE) and phenol (PHE) were selected as four representative bio-oil derivatives. Evolution characteristics of H₂, CO, CO₂ and CH₄ during SR of HOAc, EG, ACE, PHE and BIO were revealed and compared. The hydrogen yield increased sharply with reaction time to the peak values of 24.7%, 32.3%, 16.4%, 25.6% and 24.9%, corresponding to HOAc, EG, ACE, PHE and BIO, respectively. After that, the yield of hydrogen exhibited a downward trend, suggesting that the catalyst ability for selective hydrogen production gradually decreased. The H₂ yield from EG was the highest, followed by PHE, HOAc, BIO and ACE. The order of CO yields from large to small was EG > HOAc > ACE > BIO ≈ PHE. The percentages of coke deposited on catalyst were arranged in descending order as HOAc > BIO > ACE > PHE > EG. This study could provide more detailed information on the catalytic reforming mechanism of bio-oil on the one hand, and also point out the direction for the improvement of the catalysts, which play a role in ensuring the high yield of H₂ while converting CO to H₂ through the water gas shift reaction.

Evolution of H₂, CO, CO₂ and CH₄ during catalytic steam reforming of the bio-oil and its different derivatives was revealed.     

超声造影对肝细胞肝癌病理分级的研究

目的 研究肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的超声造影表现与病理分级之间的相关性,用影像学的方法 预测HCC的病理分级,为临床选择治疗方案,判断预后提供更多的信息.方法 对53例HCC患者,行超声造影检查及ACQ时间—强度曲线分析,根据术后病理结果 分为高分化组和中低分化2组,对2组的造影参数进行统计学分析.结果 高分化组与中低分化组的AT、PI无统计学差异,而两组间TTP、增强时间、流出时间、增强斜率、清除斜率均有统计学差异.结论 分化程度不同的HCC超声造影表现不同,可以期望在后续研究中扩大样本,根据HCC的造影定量参数初步估测其病理分级.     

生活垃圾填埋场钢板路基箱道路优化研究

对生活垃圾填埋场钢板路基箱道路设计进行了探讨,并采取特殊区域（直角转弯处、跨明沟处、车辆倒车区域等）增设专用的特殊路基箱以及在路基箱表面增加橡胶防滑设计等措施,提高车辆的通行安全性。     

The Association between the Phenotype of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Blood Pressure in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

Objective Investigate the clinical features and the blood pressure (BP) pattern of the phenotype of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in OSAHS.Methods A total of 508 Chinese adults with suspected OSAHS were referred to our sleep laboratory from October 2009 to May 2012. On the same night of polysomnography (PSG), the levels of blood pressure were measured before sleeping (bedtime BP) and immediately after waking up in the next morning (morning BP). EDS was recognized as Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)≥9. Subjects were classified into four groups based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from PSG as follows: control (simple snoring) group (control, n=104) with AHI<5; mild group (mild, n=89) with AHI≥5 and <15; moderate group (moderate, n=70) with AHI≥15 and<30; and severe group (severe, n=245) with AHI ≥30. The differences and correlations between BP and PSG parameters in EDS and non-EDS group of OSAHS patients were analyzed.Results In all subjects, ESS was positively correlated with morning diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and bedtime DBP (r=0.144, 0.102 and 0.114, respectively, each P value<0.05). In OSAHS patients, ESS was only positively correlated with morning DBP (r=0.137, P<0.05). OSAHS patients with EDS phenotype were younger and were more likely to have the symptom of waking up feeling tired (36.1% vs. 23.2%, p=0.023), who had lower MSaO2, longer SIT90 (the ratio of time of SpO2 below 90% in total sleep time) and higher DBP (bedtime as well as morning). In patients with AHI≥15, ESS was correlated positively with both bedtime and morning DBP after controlling the confounding effects of age, sex, BMI, AHI and nadir nocturnal oxygen saturation( r=0.126,0.143, respectively, both P values<0.05). And in OSAHS patients of EDS phenotype, the bedtime DBP, bedtime MAP, morning DBP, and morning MAP were 3~5 mm Hg higher than that in patients of non-EDS phenotype(P<0.05). In the moderate and severe OSAHS group, patients with EDS phenotype were younger and had a lower mean blood oxygen saturation (MSaO2), longer time of SpO2 below 90% and higher SIT90 than patients with non-EDS phenotype (P<0.05). In hypertensive OSAHS patients, patients with EDS were also younger and had higher micro-arousal index (MiI), as well as higher morning DBP, morning MAP and bedtime DBP than that in non-EDS group (P<0.05).Conclusions EDS in OSAHS patients is a special phenotype, which was characterized by younger age, higher DBP and more severe hypoxic load. This feature is mainly manifested in moderate and severe OSAHS patients. It is very important to identify the phenotype of EDS in patients with OSAHS, who may meet more benefits from effective treatment of OSAHS by correcting the intermittent nocturnal hypoxia and sleep fragmentation.