化学修饰的茯苓β-D-葡聚糖结构与抗胃腺癌活性的关系

目的:探讨茯苓多糖及其衍生物的结构与抗胃腺癌活性之间的构效关系.方法:对从茯苓菌核中提取的(1→3)-?-D-葡聚糖PCS3-Ⅱ及其硫酸酯、羧甲基、羟乙基、羟丙基和甲基化衍生物,用粘度法、激光光散射(LLS)及尺寸排除色谱和光散射仪联用(SEC-LLS)表征了他们在磷酸缓冲液(PBS)中37℃下的[?]、Mw及z1/2等分子参数.然后用MTT法研究了PCS3-Ⅱ和几种衍生物对不同分化程度的胃腺癌细胞株MKN-45、SGC-7901和MKN-28生长的抑制作用.结果:S-PCS3-Ⅱ、C-PCS3-Ⅱ、M-PCS3-Ⅱ、HE-PCS3-Ⅱ和HP-PCS3-Ⅱ衍生物在PBS溶液中Mw值分别为3.8×104、18.9×104、16.0×104、76.8×104和224.3×104,未改性?-葡聚糖PCS3-Ⅱ几乎无抗胃腺癌活性,而他的硫酸酯和羧甲基衍生物对细胞株MKN-45、SGC-7901和MKN-28却显示较高的抑制率.结论:天然茯苓菌核多糖体外没有抗胃腺癌活性;水不溶性多糖PCS3-Ⅱ链上引入羧甲基和硫酸酯基后,其衍生物溶于水,且链刚性增大,同时其抗胃腺癌活性增强;良好的水溶性、较高的链刚性和适当大的分子量有利于茯苓多糖抗胃腺癌活性的提高.     

放射治疗与介入治疗肝源性脾亢75例

目的:比较放射性外照射、三维适形放疗及介入治疗肝源性脾亢的疗效、不良反应及住院费用.方法:选择60名肝硬化脾亢患者和15名原发性肝癌合并脾亢患者作为研究对象,前者分为肝硬化脾脏介入治疗组和肝硬化脾脏外照射治疗组;肝硬化脾亢采用脾脏外照射治疗,介入治疗采用部分脾脏栓塞术,肝癌合并脾亢采用脾脏三维适形放疗,评价3组治疗前、治疗中及治疗后脾脏大小、血常规指标、不良反应及住院费用情况.结果:治疗后3组患者脾脏均显著缩小,白细胞计数、血红蛋白和血小板计数均显著升高(P<0.05),但3组患者脾脏大小及血常规指标变化之间均无显著性差异(P>0.05).治疗后肝硬化脾脏外照射及肝癌脾脏三维适形放疗组发热和疼痛评价指标较介入治疗组显著减轻(0.57±0.55,0.64±0.51vs1.80±1.21;0.36±0.63,1.67±1.12vs4.59±3.22,均P<0.05).肝硬化脾脏外照射放疗组住院费用显著低于肝癌脾脏三维适形放疗组和介入组.结论:放射性外照射治疗肝硬化脾亢、三维适型放射治疗肝癌合并脾亢可达到和介入治疗相同的疗效,并能显著减轻发热和疼痛反应,缩减治疗费用.     

Single-molecular phosphorus phthalocyanine-based near-infrared-II nanoagent for photothermal antitumor therapy

As one of the noninvasive cancer treatments, photothermal therapy (PTT) has drawn intense attention recently. In this context, an important task is to explore novel and versatile nanoscale photothermal agents (PTAs), especially those with strong NIR-II light absorption, high photothermal conversion efficiency, good photostability and biocompatibility. Phthalocyanines (Pcs), as the second-generation photosensitizers, are a promising class of candidates for PTT due to their strong NIR absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency. However, the poor water solubility severely limited their application as PTAs in tumor treatment. Herein, we report a molecular phosphorus phthalocyanine (P-Pc)-based nanoagent via incorporation of human serum albumin (HSA) under mild conditions. The obtained nanoscale P-Pc-HSA possesses excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (64.7%) upon 1064 nm light irradiation, furthermore, it can be a highly efficient NIR-II antitumor nanoagent via photothermal treatment (PTT), which is fully evidenced by the in vitro and in vivo experiments.

A molecular phosphorus phthalocyanine (P-Pc)-based nanoagent P-Pc-HSA, which can be a highly efficient NIR-II antitumor agent, is reported.     

Aza-CGP37157-lipoic hybrids designed as novel Nrf2-inducers and antioxidants exert neuroprotection against oxidative stress and show neuroinflammation inhibitory properties

Two multitarget hybrids, derived from an aza-analogue of CGP37157, a mitochondrial Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger antagonist, and lipoic acid were designed in order to combine in a single molecule the antioxidant and Nrf2 induction properties of lipoic acid and the neuroprotective activity of CGP37157. The hybrid derivatives showed Nrf2 induction and radical scavenging properties, leading to a good neuroprotective profile against oxidative stress, together with an interesting antineuroinflammatory activity. The results obtained show differences in activity depending on the configuration of the chiral center of LA.     

Associations of total and free 25OHD and 1,25(OH)<Subscript>2</Subscript>D with serum markers of inflammation in older men

Summary

Vitamin D is hypothesized to suppress inflammation. We tested total and free vitamin D metabolites and their association with inflammatory markers. Interleukin-6 levels were lower with higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and free 25OHD associations mirrored those of 25OHD. However, associations for the two metabolites diverged for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) soluble receptors.

Introduction

Vitamin D is hypothesized to suppress inflammation, and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and inflammatory markers are inversely correlated. However, total serum 25OHD may not be the best indicator of biologically active vitamin D.

Methods

We tested serum total 25OHD, total 1,25(OH)₂D, vitamin D binding protein (DBP), and estimated free 25OHD and free 1,25(OH)₂D associations with inflammatory markers serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α and their soluble receptors, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and C-reactive protein (CRP) as continuous outcomes and the presence of ≥2 inflammatory markers in the highest quartile as a dichotomous outcome, in a random subcohort of 679 men in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.

Results

IL-6 was lower in men with higher 25OHD (?0.23 μg/mL per standard deviation (SD) increase in 25OHD, 95 % confidence intervals (CI) ?0.07 to ?0.38 μg/mL) and with higher 1,25(OH)₂D (?0.20 μg/mL, 95 % CI ?0.0004 to ?0.39 μg/mL); free D associations were slightly stronger. 25OHD and DBP, but not 1,25(OH)₂D, were independently associated with IL-6. TNF-α soluble receptors were inversely associated with 1,25(OH)₂D but positively associated with 25OHD, and each had independent effects. The strongest association with ≥2 inflammatory markers in the highest quartile was for free 1,25(OH)₂D (odds ratios (OR) 0.70, 95 % CI 0.54 to 0.89 per SD increase in free 1,25(OH)₂D).

Conclusions

Associations of 1,25(OH)₂D and free 25OHD with IL-6 mirrored those of 25OHD, suggesting that 1,25(OH)₂D and free D do not improve upon 25OHD in population-based IL-6 studies. However, associations for the two metabolites diverged for TNF-α soluble receptor, warranting examination of both metabolites in studies of TNF-α and its antagonists.

     

Microvascular decompression by interposition method for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia: a retrospective single-center study

Neurosurgical Review - Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a rare disease that can be challenging to treat. The objectives of this study are to investigate the...     

Influence of citrate on phase transformation and photoluminescence properties in LaPO4 and LaPO4:Eu

The hexagonal and monoclinic phase LaPO₄ and LaPO₄:Eu nanostructures have been controllably synthesized by a citrate-induced hydrothermal process at 100 °C. The crystal growth of LaPO₄ nanostructures was investigated, and the phase transformation of nanostructured LaPO₄ was systematically studied by varying the citrate concentration, pH value and reaction temperature. When 0.8 mmol of citrate was added into the reaction system, the hexagonal phase LaPO₄ transformed into the monoclinic phase. High concentrations of citrate would lead to the formation of hexagonal phase LaPO₄. The photoluminescence properties of the monoclinic phase LaPO₄:Eu prepared using a citrate-induced process demonstrate that the electric dipole transition (⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂) is stronger than the magnetic dipole transition (⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁), which indicated that Eu³⁺ is in a site with no inversion center. The strongest emission peak of hexagonal phase LaPO₄:Eu comes from ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁. Furthermore, the citrate-induced hexagonal phase LaPO₄:Eu has a stronger emission intensity than the hexagonal phase LaPO₄:Eu prepared not using a citrate-induced process.

The hexagonal and monoclinic phase LaPO₄:Eu nanostructures have been controllably synthesized using a citrate-induced hydrothermal process at 100 °C.