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排序方式: 共有638条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Kathy L. Cerminara∗ J.D. LL.M. J.S.D. Seth M. Bogin† B.A. M.S.Ed. 《The Journal of legal medicine》2013,34(4):479-503
The only constant is change. Heraclitus 1 It strikes me that the questions brought on by medical technology have come upon us in a relatively short time, and that society is at the beginning of even grasping their dimension and complexity, let alone coming up with satisfactory answers. William H. Colby 2 相似文献
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Blackman, N. S. and Bailey, C. P. (Harwood Academic Publishers, New York, 1990), 475 pages, $41.00. 相似文献
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Health care corporate law: Financing and liability, Edited by M. Hall (Little, Brown & Co., Boston, Massachusetts, 1994), 733 pages, loose‐leaf, $145. 相似文献
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Min Wu Linda L. LaGasse Trecia A. Wouldes Amelia M. Arria Tara Wilcox Chris Derauf Elana Newman Rizwan Shah Lynne M. Smith Charles R. Neal Marilyn A. Huestis Sheri DellaGrotta Barry M. Lester 《Maternal and child health journal》2013,17(3):566-575
This study compared patterns of prenatal care among mothers who used methamphetamine (MA) during pregnancy and non-using mothers in the US and New Zealand (NZ), and evaluated associations among maternal drug use, child protective services (CPS) referral, and inadequate prenatal care in both countries. The sample consisted of 182 mothers in the MA-Exposed and 196 in the Comparison groups in the US, and 107 mothers in the MA-Exposed and 112 in the Comparison groups in NZ. Positive toxicology results and/or maternal report of MA use during pregnancy were used to identify MA use. Information about sociodemographics, prenatal care and prenatal substance use was collected by maternal interview. MA-use during pregnancy is associated with lower socioeconomic status, single marital status, and CPS referral in both NZ and the US. Compared to their non-using counterparts, MA-using mothers in the US had significantly higher rates of inadequate prenatal care. No association was found between inadequate care and MA-use in NZ. In the US, inadequate prenatal care was associated with CPS referral, but not in NZ. Referral to CPS for drug use only composed 40 % of all referrals in the US, but only 15 % of referrals in NZ. In our study population, prenatal MA-use and CPS referral eclipse maternal sociodemographics in explanatory power for inadequate prenatal care. The predominant effect of CPS referral in the US is especially interesting, and should encourage further research on whether the US policy of mandatory reporting discourages drug-using mothers from seeking antenatal care. 相似文献
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LL Patton JA Phelan FJ Ramos-Gomez W Nittayananta CH Shiboski TL Mbuguye 《Oral diseases》2002,8(S2):98-109
OBJECTIVES: An International Workshop addressed the prevalence and classification of HIV/AIDS associated oral lesions.
DESIGN: Five questions provided the framework for discussion and literature review. What is the prevalence of oral lesions in children and adults? Should the accepted classification of HIV-related oral lesions be modified in the light of recent findings? Why is there a gender difference in the prevalence of oral lesions in developed and developing countries? Are there unusual lesions present in developing countries? Is there any association between modes of transmission and the prevalence of oral lesions?
RESULTS: Workshop discussion emphasized the urgent need for assistance in the development of expertise to obtain accurate global prevalence data for HIV-associated oral lesions. Oral candidiasis has been consistently reported as the most prevalent HIV-associated oral lesion in all ages. Penicilliosis marneffei, a newly described fungal infection, has emerged in South-east Asia. Oral hairy leukoplakia and Kaposi's sarcoma appear to be associated with male gender and male-to-male HIV transmission risk behaviours. These lesions occur only rarely in children.
CONCLUSIONS: Additional prevalence data are needed from developing countries prior to substantially altering the 1993 ECC/WHO Classification of oral lesions associated with adult HIV infection. The workshop confirmed current oral disease diagnostic criteria. 相似文献
DESIGN: Five questions provided the framework for discussion and literature review. What is the prevalence of oral lesions in children and adults? Should the accepted classification of HIV-related oral lesions be modified in the light of recent findings? Why is there a gender difference in the prevalence of oral lesions in developed and developing countries? Are there unusual lesions present in developing countries? Is there any association between modes of transmission and the prevalence of oral lesions?
RESULTS: Workshop discussion emphasized the urgent need for assistance in the development of expertise to obtain accurate global prevalence data for HIV-associated oral lesions. Oral candidiasis has been consistently reported as the most prevalent HIV-associated oral lesion in all ages. Penicilliosis marneffei, a newly described fungal infection, has emerged in South-east Asia. Oral hairy leukoplakia and Kaposi's sarcoma appear to be associated with male gender and male-to-male HIV transmission risk behaviours. These lesions occur only rarely in children.
CONCLUSIONS: Additional prevalence data are needed from developing countries prior to substantially altering the 1993 ECC/WHO Classification of oral lesions associated with adult HIV infection. The workshop confirmed current oral disease diagnostic criteria. 相似文献