高千伏摄影附加滤过与皮肤入射剂量相对关系的实验研究

目的：通过测量不同滤过条件下，体模入射剂量随滤过条件的变化确定高千伏X线摄影时的最佳附加滤过。材料与方法：利用X线剂量仪测量不同Al滤过时对应体模表面剂量的变化。结果与结论：通过适当增加附加滤过可以合理降低被检者皮肤剂量，120kV摄影时，附加滤过2.5mmAl是恰当的。     

大Y携带者不良孕产史与胚胎非整倍体率增高的关系

目的探讨1例有不良孕产史的大Y携带者的胚胎异常情况。方法1对有2次自然流产史的夫妇,男方染色体核型为46,XY,Yqh ,常规超促排卵和卵母细胞胞浆内单精子注射,受精后第3天和第4天进行胚胎活检,获取分裂球,采用18,X,Y三色着丝粒探针进行荧光原位杂交分析(FISH),第5天移植正常胚胎。异常胚胎及废弃胚胎所有分裂球第6天再次FISH确定胚胎核型。结果患者获卵19个,对其中13个M2期卵母细胞进行ICSI,12个受精,分裂11胚。10个胚胎获得明确诊断,其中4个正常胚胎,6个异常胚胎,异常发生率达60%。5个为女胚,其中1个正常核型,4个异常胚胎中2个为无序分裂,2个为嵌合体;5个为男胚,3个正常,2个异常胚胎中1个为无序分裂,1个为嵌合体。对染色体正常的1个女胚进行宫腔内移植,未获得妊娠。结论该例大Y患者胚胎非整倍体发生率增高可能是导致其不良孕产史的原因。     

Dexamethasone alters TNF-alpha expression in retinopathy

TNF-alpha has been found in the retina. Hyperoxia and hypoxia regulate TNF-alpha expression. TNF-alpha is an important factor in inflammation and angiogenesis. Dexamethasone inhibits TNF-alpha production. Changes in TNF-alpha expression in the retina may play an important role in the development of oxygen-induced retinopathy. Oxygen-induced retinopathy was produced in C57BL6 mice by exposure to 75% oxygen at Postnatal Day 7 (P7) for 5 days and the mice recovered in room air until Day 17 (P17). Dexamethasone was administered at 0.5 mg/kg/day once daily subcutaneously during the 5 days of oxygen exposure. TNF-alpha expression was evaluated at Day 7 prior to oxygen exposure, at Day 12 (P12) immediately upon removal from oxygen, and at Day 17, the time of maximal vasoproliferation by RT-PCR. TNF-alpha is developmentally regulated in the retinae of C57BL6 mice. From P7 to P12, there is a 3-fold increase in TNF-alpha expression and from P7 to P17 there is a 2.7-fold increase. There was 2.7-fold suppression in expression immediately following oxygen exposure at P12. The expression was dramatically increased at P17, the time of maximal vasoproliferation. Dexamethasone inhibited the expression of TNF-alpha at P17 by 6.4-fold. At this dose, it also suppressed the baseline TNF-alpha expression in the mouse model. In summary, TNF-alpha is altered in the development of oxygen-induced retinopathy in the mouse. It increased markedly during the vasoproliferative phase and was suppressed by dexamethasone. Modulation of TNF-alpha expression may provide a potential site of action for future therapeutic targets.     

当归对大鼠肺β-受体数目的影响

建立了用放射性配基测定肺组织β-受体数目的方法,并探讨了当归对其影响。结果表明:当归与~3H-DHA没有竞争性结合,对正常大鼠、低氧大鼠肺组织β-受体数均无明显影响。提示当归缓解低氧性肺动脉高压不是通过改变肺β-受体数目而实现的。     

Innate immunity, macrophage activation, and atherosclerosis

Summary:  Inflammation underpins the development of atherosclerosis. Initiation and progression of vascular inflammation involves a complex cellular network, with macrophages as major contributors. Activated macrophages produce proinflammatory mediators, bridge innate and adaptive immunity, regulate lipid retention, and participate directly in vascular repair and remodeling. Recent efforts to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of vascular inflammation in atherosclerosis have implicated several families of innate immune recognition receptors in inflammatory activation during the course of this disease. This article reviews our current understanding of innate immune recognition receptors, signaling pathways, and putative ligands implicated in activation of macrophages in the disease. In its final section, we propose a model for the role of macrophages in bridging inflammation and atherosclerosis from the perspective of innate immune recognition and activation.     

API2-MALT1融合基因变异体在粘膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤中的分布及凋亡的关系

目的探讨API2-MALT1融合基因变异体在粘膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤(extranodal marginal zone B—cell lymphoma of mucosa—associated lymphoid tissue，MALT)中的分布特点及其转录与肿瘤凋亡的关系。方法将逆转录-聚合酶链反应和巢式聚合酶链式反应结合，检测62例不同部位MALT淋巴瘤中API2-MALT1融合基因的多种变异体；通过TdT介导脱氧核苷酸缺口末端标记技术进行肿瘤细胞的原位凋亡检测；通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应和免疫组化染色检测API2的mRNA和蛋白水平。结果62例MALT淋巴瘤中28例检出API2-MALT1融合基因(45．16％)，为变异体A1446-M1123或A1446-M814，但未检出A1446-M541和A1446-M1150。A1446-M1123(18／28)的检出明显多于A1446-M814(10／28)。融和基因转录在甲状腺MALT淋巴瘤中检出最低，在其它部位的分布无差异。在API2-MALT1^ 组(API2-MALT1mRNA表达阳性组)肿瘤凋亡水平明显高于API2-MALT1^-组(API2-MALT1mRNA表达阴性组)，API2的mRNA和蛋白水平低于阴性组。A1446-M1123^ 与A1446-M814^ 病例之间凋亡和API2的变化无差异。结论MALT淋巴瘤中t(11；18)(q21；q21)的发生有部位差异，A1446-M1123可能是中国人MALT淋巴瘤中API2-MALT1融合基因变异体的主要类型。API2-MALT1融合基因转录与MALT淋巴瘤的凋亡水平和API2的变化有关。     

抗体包被对红细胞变形性影响的研究

作者对抗体包被的红为性进行研究，发现抗体包被改变了红细胞的变形性，在我们研究的抗体量范围内，抗体量越多，红细胞的变形性越小，作者从血液流变学的角度对上述结果作了讨论，并提出了通过测定其对红细胞变形性的影响来比较准确地标定抗体效价的可能性。     

山莨菪碱对中性粒细胞糖皮质激素受体的影响

以~3H地塞米松(Dex)为特异性配基,以一点分析法测得大白鼠腹腔中性粒细胞(PMNs)的糖皮质激素受体(GCR)位点数为5270±216/个PMN(n=18,X±SE下同);体外实验,PMNs直接与山莨菪碱(654-23×10~(-5)M)温育,对GCR无明显影响,测得位点数为4896±360/个PMNs(n=20,P>0.4);体内实验表明,给大鼠肌肉注射654-2(10mg/kg)每日两次共二天,则GCR位点数降至2740±101/个PMNs(n=18,P<0.001)。此时还测得血浆皮质酮含量明显增高(P<0.01)。提示654-2对GCR的影响可能与增加皮质激素所致的“降调节”有关。     

针刺对实验性脑缺血作用机理的研究进展

缺血性脑血管疾病是一个非常复杂的病理生理过程 ,是多种机制共同作用的结果。本文从针刺对实验性脑缺血在脑组织形态学改变、血液流变学、脑微循环等方面的研究进展作一综述。