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21.
Environmental conditions are known to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of affective disorders. In this study, the effects of sertraline, a selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor, on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors were investigated in rats reared in different housing conditions. Wistar rats of both sexes were divided into three groups according to their rearing conditions (Enriched = EC, Isolated = IC and Standard = SC), after weaning at postnatal day 21. While animals in control conditions were housed as a group of 4 rats in regular size plexiglass cages, social isolation groups were housed individually in metal cages. Animals in enriched conditions were housed as a group of 12 rats in specially designed cages equipped with different stimulating objects. Six weeks later, activitymeter, elevated plus maze, rotarod, grip, forced swimming and sucrose preference tests were applied to all animals and all of the tests were repeated after i.p. injection of sertraline (10 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. Environmental enrichment reduced the stereotypic behavior, improved the motor coordination and facilitated the learning skills in animals. However, housing conditions affected depression-like parameters, but not anxiety-like parameters. Sertraline treatment reduced the depression-like effect in EC and SC, but not in IC. It decreased anxiety-like behavior in IC while increased in EC. Socially isolated animals preferentially consumed more sucrose and water than the other groups, and interestingly, these differences became more significant following sertraline treatment. These results show that the responses of animals to anti-depressive drugs could be differentially affected by the behavioral consequences of the diverse housing conditions. Thus, to improve the treatment of depression; behavioral consequences of diverse housing conditions should be taken into consideration. 相似文献
22.
Durak HI Vatansever K van Dalen J van der Vleuten C 《Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice》2008,13(4):495-502
Clerkships would benefit from teachers’ improved understanding of the didactic aspects of their task. The purpose of this
study is to identify factors that determine the teaching quality of clerkships and to examine the predictive value of these
factors for students’ global satisfaction. Thus, results would be further reflected to clinical teachers’ tasks. These factors
could then be taken into account in future clinical teaching. In this paper, a medical faculty’s 2 year data set of student
feedback from a systematic programme evaluation project was used. A factor analysis was performed on 11,780 student questionnaires.
Factor loads, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the questionnaire and factors were calculated. In order to examine
the contributions of the factors to the students’ global satisfaction, the study included a multivariate stepwise regression
analysis. The analysis revealed four factors, which together explained 60.24% of the variance: Structure & Process (44.66%);
Time (5.8 %); Outcome (5.35%) and Input (4.39%). The Structure & Process factor was found to be the best predictor of students’
global satisfaction (R
2 = .537). Our conclusion is that “efforts to improve clerkship quality should focus on students’ learning processes and clerkship
structure”. 相似文献
23.
Kevser Tural Ozkan Ozden Zeynep Bilgi Emre Kubat Celal Sahin Ermutlu Oguz Merhan Irfan Tasoglu 《The journal of spinal cord medicine》2021,44(5):704
Context: Both copper and betanin have been implicated as having significant bioactivity against ischemic damage in a variety of experimental and clinical settings. The aim of this study is to investigate whether betanin and copper have any protective effect on spinal cord in an ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) model in rats.Design: Spraque-Dawley rats were used in four groups: Sham group (n = 7), control group (laparotomy and cross-clamping of aorta, n = 7), betanin treatment group (dosage of 100 mg/kg of betanin administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 60 min before laparotomy, n = 7), copper sulfate treatment group (administered copper sulfate i.p. at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg/day for 7 days before laparotomy, n = 7). Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay was also performed to evaluate apoptosis.Setting: Kafkas University, Faculty of Medicine, Kars, Turkey.Results: I/R injury was successfully demonstrated with the surgical model. Betanin and copper treatment significantly decreased MDA levels, MPO activity and the number of apoptotic cells in the spinal cord. Betanin and copper treatment significantly increased GSH levels. Copper treatment significantly increased SOD activity, whereas betanin was not as effective. Apoptotic cells were significantly decreased in both treatment groups.Conclusion: I/R injury of the spinal cord can be successfully demonstrated by aortic clamping in this surgical model. Betanin/Copper sulphate has ameliorative effects against operative I/R injury. Low toxicity of those agents makes them ideal targets for clinical research for this purpose. 相似文献
24.
Burak Tekin MD Mehmet Salih Gurel MD Zeynep Topkarci MD Filiz Topaloglu Demir MD Sema Aytekin MD Filiz Cebeci Kahraman MD Ralfi Singer MD Vefa Asli Erdemir MD Tugba Kevser Uzuncakmak MD Sirin Yasar MD Necmettin Akdeniz MD Ilknur Kivanc Altunay MD Emek Kocaturk MD Zafer Turkoglu MD Bilgen Erdogan MD 《Pediatric dermatology》2018,35(5):651-659
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BackgroundChronic renal failure (CRF) is an important common health problem with high morbidity and mortality rate in the world and in Turkey.ObjectivesThis study was conducted to determine the effect of home care based on the Neuman Systems Model on relief of physical and psychological symptoms and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis.MethodsThis study was conducted as a pretest-posttest randomized controlled trial. The sample of the study was composed of 160 hemodialysis patients. The patients were randomly and sequentially assigned to experimental and control groups as 80 hemodialysis patients.ResultsAfter the intervention, it was determined that the symptoms levels of the patients in the experimental group reduced and their quality of life increased.ConclusionThe care provided based on the Neuman Systems Model reduced the symptoms of the patients having hemodialysis treatment and enhanced their quality of life. Care given using a model is important in improving the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. 相似文献
28.
Emel Kurt Selma Metintas Ilknur Basyigit Ismet Bulut Evsen Coskun Sennur Dabak Figen Deveci Fatma Fidan Hasan Kaynar Esra Kunt Uzaslan Kevser Onbasi Sibel Ozkurt Gulden Pasaoglu Sami Sahan Unal Sahin Kivilcim Oguzulgen Fusun Yildiz Dilsad Mungan Arzu Yorgancioglu Bilun Gemicioglu A. Fuat Kalyoncu for the PARFAIT Study of Turkish Thoracic Society Asthma-Allergy Working Group 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2007,18(7):566-574
The Prevalence And Risk Factors of Allergies in Turkey (PARFAIT) study was planned to evaluate prevalence and risk factors of asthma and allergic diseases and also to find out which geographical variables and/or climatic conditions play a role determining the prevalence of allergic diseases in Turkish school children. Study was planned as cross-sectional questionnaire-based. About 25,843 questionnaires from 14 centers were appropriate for analysis. Parental history of allergy, having an atopic sibling and other atopic disease in index case was significant risk factors for all allergic diseases. Breast feeding decreased the risk of current asthma (OR: 0.92, CI: 0.86-0.99) and wheezing (OR: 0.93, CI: 0.87-0.99) but not allergic rhinitis and eczema. Respiratory infection in the past was an important risk factor for the occurrence of allergic diseases especially for asthma which was increased 4.53-fold. Children exposed to household smoke were significantly at higher risk of asthma, wheezing, and allergic rhinitis (OR: 1.20, CI: 1.08-1.33; OR: 1.21, CI: 1.09-1.34; and OR: 1.32, CI: 1.21-1.43, respectively). All allergic diseases were increased in those children living in areas which have altitude of below 1000 m and mean yearly atmospheric pressure above 1000 mb. The study has suggested that household and country-specific environmental factors are associated with asthma, wheezing, allergic rhinitis, and eczema risk during childhood in Turkey. 相似文献
29.
Huseyin Ortak Ahmet İnanır Selim Demir Alper Uysal Şafak Şahin Mustafa Sağcan Yalçın Önder Sait Alim Ayşe Kevser Demir 《International ophthalmology》2014,34(2):263-268
Central corneal thickness and dry eye tests were evaluated in a study population consisting of 68 ankylosing spondylitis patients diagnosed according to the modified New York criteria, and 61 age-matched controls without ankylosing spondylitis. A full ophthalmological evaluation was performed on each subject. All subjects were screened for age, gender, HLA-B27, tear break-up time test, Schirmer test, and duration of disease. Central corneal thickness was measured under topical anesthesia with an ultrasonic pachymeter. The mean central corneal thickness was 537.3 ± 30.6 μm, range 462–600 μm, in ankylosing spondylitis patients, whereas it was 551.7 ± 25.2 μm, range 510–620 μm, in controls (p = 0.005). The Schirmer test result was 7.3 ± 5.9 mm for the ankylosing spondylitis patients and 11.7 ± 5.8 mm for the control group (p = 0.002). Tear break-up time was 7.3 ± 3.2 s for the ankylosing spondylitis patients and 14.0 ± 4.5 s for the control group (p < 0.001). The possibility of a thinner cornea should be taken into consideration in ankylosing spondylitis. In addition, attention must be given to lower dry eye tests in surgical interventions such as photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis in ankylosing spondylitis patients. 相似文献
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