全文获取类型
收费全文 | 94813篇 |
免费 | 6274篇 |
国内免费 | 1824篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1057篇 |
儿科学 | 2510篇 |
妇产科学 | 1800篇 |
基础医学 | 10818篇 |
口腔科学 | 2041篇 |
临床医学 | 8841篇 |
内科学 | 21163篇 |
皮肤病学 | 2240篇 |
神经病学 | 6593篇 |
特种医学 | 2254篇 |
外国民族医学 | 6篇 |
外科学 | 12082篇 |
综合类 | 6363篇 |
现状与发展 | 2篇 |
一般理论 | 17篇 |
预防医学 | 8141篇 |
眼科学 | 2161篇 |
药学 | 7178篇 |
54篇 | |
中国医学 | 2431篇 |
肿瘤学 | 5159篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 192篇 |
2023年 | 947篇 |
2022年 | 2084篇 |
2021年 | 3730篇 |
2020年 | 2363篇 |
2019年 | 2827篇 |
2018年 | 3451篇 |
2017年 | 2570篇 |
2016年 | 2311篇 |
2015年 | 3078篇 |
2014年 | 4008篇 |
2013年 | 5002篇 |
2012年 | 7744篇 |
2011年 | 7997篇 |
2010年 | 4987篇 |
2009年 | 4312篇 |
2008年 | 6044篇 |
2007年 | 6041篇 |
2006年 | 5510篇 |
2005年 | 5160篇 |
2004年 | 4381篇 |
2003年 | 3993篇 |
2002年 | 3522篇 |
2001年 | 1629篇 |
2000年 | 1752篇 |
1999年 | 1364篇 |
1998年 | 546篇 |
1997年 | 443篇 |
1996年 | 397篇 |
1995年 | 311篇 |
1994年 | 268篇 |
1993年 | 205篇 |
1992年 | 490篇 |
1991年 | 385篇 |
1990年 | 386篇 |
1989年 | 264篇 |
1988年 | 216篇 |
1987年 | 208篇 |
1986年 | 210篇 |
1985年 | 176篇 |
1984年 | 143篇 |
1983年 | 110篇 |
1982年 | 115篇 |
1981年 | 109篇 |
1980年 | 64篇 |
1979年 | 78篇 |
1977年 | 65篇 |
1976年 | 63篇 |
1974年 | 85篇 |
1973年 | 77篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
本研究经杀菌试验和免疫后保护力试验探讨小鼠巨噬细胞在抗白色念珠菌感染中的作用,结果表明白色念珠菌酵母形体对巨噬细胞杀伤作用的抵抗力及对小鼠的毒力均较菌丝形体强。小鼠体内不同部位巨噬细胞杀伤白色念珠菌的作用不同,脾脏巨噬细胞作用大于腹腔残存巨噬细胞。经白色念珠菌活菌静脉免疫后脾巨噬细胞杀白色念珠菌作用增强,但其对再感染的抵抗力不增强。 相似文献
42.
Dr. Joseph A. Paladino Pharm.D. Dr. Miguel A. Rainstein M.D. FACS Mrs. Deborah J. Serrianne R.N. Dr. John E. Przylucki M.D. FACS Dr. Lynda S. Welage Pharm.D. Dr. Mario L. Collura M.D. FACS Dr. Jerome J. Schentag Pharm.D. FCCP 《Pharmacotherapy》1994,14(6):734-739
This double-blind study compared ampicillin-sulbactam 3 g versus cefoxitin 2 g in 136 adult patients at risk for developing an infection after abdominal surgery. Separate randomization schedules were used for colorectal, upper gastrointestinal/biliary, and other abdominal procedures. Study antibiotics were administered within 30 minutes before incision and repeated 6 hours later. Patients having colorectal surgery received a third dose of antibiotic 6 hours after the second. Efficacy evaluations were made on 123 patients, 62 in the ampicillin-sulbactam group and 61 in the cefoxitin group. The overall postoperative infection rates were 12.9% for ampicillin-sulbactam and 9.8% for cefoxitin (p>0.05); one wound infection occurred in each group. Adverse events were experienced by 13.2% of the ampicillin-sulbactam and 19.1% of the cefoxitin recipients (p>0.05). Cost-minimization analysis revealed that ampicillin-sulbactam was a cost-effective alternative to cefoxitin for the prevention of infection after abdominal surgery. 相似文献
43.
44.
Mnica De la Fuente Juan Jos Garrido Rosa María Arahuetes Angel Hernanz 《Journal of neuroimmunology》1993,42(1)
The neuropeptides neurotensin and neuromedin N (from 10−12 M to 10−9 M) have been showed in this study to stimulate significantly in vitro several steps of the phagocytic process: adherence to substrate, chemotaxis, ingestion of inert particles (latex beads) and production of superoxide anion measured by nitroblue tetrazolium reduction in resting peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c mice. A dose-response relationship was observed, with a maximal stimulation of the phagocytic process at 10−11 M. The two neuropeptides induced no change of intracellular cyclic AMP in murine macrophages. Moreover, adherence and chemotaxis decreased significantly in the presence of EGTA (1 mM), a chelator of extracellular Ca2+, or ryanodine (0.5 mM), a blocker of a Ca2+-gated channel from the endoplasmic reticulum, in both controls and samples with the addition of neurotensin or neuromedin N. These results suggest that there is no relation between the cAMP messenger system and the phagocytic process stimulation in murine peritoneal macrophages by neurotensin or neuromedin N. In addition, the results observed with EGTA and ryanodine could indicate that these two neuropeptides produce their effects through an increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. 相似文献
45.
Juan C. Kupferman Charles L. Stewart Frederick J. Kaskel Richard N. Fine 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1996,10(2):143-146
Renal and urological anomalies in Down syndrome (DS) have received little attention compared with the nephrourological findings described in other chromosomal abnormalities. Renal hypoplasia, hydroureteronephrosis, ureterovesical and ureteropelvic junction obstruction, and vesicoureteral reflux, but not posterior urethral valves, have been associated with DS. We report the occurrence of posterior urethral valves in three male infants with DS at a single institution. All had multiple urological procedures for correction or palliation of obstruction. Children with DS may have an increased risk for developing posterior urethral valves and obstructive uropathy. Furthermore, they may also develop chronic renal failure secondary to posterior urethral valves. Therefore, we suggests that infants with DS be screened with ultrasonography for renal and urological abnormalities early in life and, if abnormal, a contrast voiding cystourethrogram be performed to rule out posterior urethral valves or other bladder or urethral abnormalities. A review of the renal and urological anomalies in DS reported in the literature since 1960 is presented. 相似文献
46.
Total anorectal reconstruction with a double dynamic graciloplasty after abdominoperineal reconstruction for low rectal cancer 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
Bastiaan P. Geerdes M.D. Frans A. N. Zoetmulder M.D. Ph.D Erik Heineman M.D. Ph.D. Egbert J. Vos M.Sc. Mart -Jan Rongen M.D. Cor G. M. I. Baeten M.D. Ph.D. 《Diseases of the colon and rectum》1997,40(6):698-705
PURPOSE: Total anorectal reconstruction with a double dynamic graciloplasty was performed after abdominoperineal reconstruction
(APR) for low rectal cancer. In four patients an additional pouch was constructed to improve neorectal motility and capacity.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the results in the first 20 patients and to report on the preliminary results of patients
with an additional pouch. METHODS: Twenty patients with a mean age of 52 (range, 25–71) years and a rectal tumor at a mean
of 3 (range, 0–5) cm from the anal verge were treated. In 14 patients the Miles resection, colon pull-through, and construction
of a neosphincter were performed in one session. Six patients had the double graciloplasty at an average of 4.1 (range, 1.1–8.8)
years after APR. In four patients a pouch was constructed with an isolated segment of distal ileum. RESULTS: After a mean
follow-up of 24 (range, 1–60) months after APR, none of the patients developed local recurrence, whereas four patients developed
distant metastasis. Fifteen of 20 patients were available for evaluation, and 5 patients were still in training. Of these
15 patients, 8 patients were continent (53 percent), 2 patients were incontinent, and in 5 patients the perineal stoma was
converted to an abdominal stoma. Failures were attributable to necrosis of the colon stump (n=2) and incontinence (n=3). At
26 weeks mean resting pressure was 44 (standard deviation (SD), 28) mmHg, and mean pressure during stimulation was 90 (SD,
46) mmHg at a mean of 35 (SD, 1.2) volts at 52 weeks. Mean defecation frequency was three times per day (range, 1–5). Of the
eight patients who were continent, six used daily enemas. Mean time to postpone defecation was 11 (range, 0–30) minutes. CONCLUSION:
In experienced hands, the double dynamic graciloplasty is an oncologically safe procedure that can have an acceptable functional
outcome in a well-selected group of patients. However, to improve the outcome, further modifications will be necessary. So
far, the addition of a pouch has not resulted in improved outcome.
Supported by the Profileringsfonds of the Maastricht University Hospital, The Netherlands, and by the Stichting Fondsenwervingsactie
Volksgezondheid, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Read in part at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, Seattle, Washington, June 9 to 14, 1995. 相似文献
47.
不同术后镇痛模式对红细胞免疫功能的影响 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
目的探讨不同术后镇痛模式对红细胞免疫功能的影响。方法50例妇科手术患者,按术后不同镇痛模式分为硬膜外自控镇痛(PCEA)组和静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)组。并分别于术前、术后1、3、7 d采静脉血样检测红细胞C3b受体花环率(RCR)、红细胞免疫复合物花环率(RICR)、红细胞免疫粘附促进因子(RFER)和红细胞免疫粘附抑制因子(RFIR)。结果与术前比,PCEA组术后1 d RCR、RFER显著上升(P<0.05),RFIR显著下降(P<0.05),术后3 d RCR、RFER仍显著上升(P<0.05),而RICR显著下降(P<0.05);PCIA组术后1 d RCR、RFER显著下降(P<0.05),RFIR、RICR显著上升(P<0.05);PCIA组术后1、3 d RCR、RFER比PCEA组显著降低(P<0.05),而RICR显著上升(P<0.05);两组各参数在术后7 d基本恢复至术前水平。结论PCEA对红细胞免疫功能的稳定和恢复作用明显强于PCIA。 相似文献
48.
49.
Alicia Gómez-Barrio David Montero-Pereira Juan J. Nogal-Ruiz José A. Escario Susana Muelas-Serrano Vladimir V. Kouznetsov Leonor Y. Vargas Méndez Juan M. Urbina Gonzáles Carmen Ochoa 《Acta parasitologica / Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Warszawa, Poland》2006,51(1):73-78
A study of some antiparasitic properties of several homoallylamines and related tetrahydroquinolines and quinolines, previously
described, was carried out using in vitro activity assays against the epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi and against Trichomonas vaginalis. Unspecific cytotoxicity against murine macrophages was also studied. Although the antichagasic and trichomonacidal activities
are not comparable to those of the standard drugs, nifurtimox and metronidazole, some of the compounds exhibit an interesting
specific antiparasitic activity. 相似文献
50.
Ana Martín-Ancel María Luisa Casas Bartolomé Bonet 《Infection control and hospital epidemiology》2004,25(7):611-613
A neonate vaccinated against HBV was the source of an occupational exposure to blood. She was tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and found to be positive, leading to unnecessary treatment, retesting, and concern. Evaluation of the infectious status of HBV should rely on other means if vaccination has recently occurred. 相似文献