Role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in Peyronie's disease:a new diagnostic approach to predict the stage of the disease?

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)have been associated with multiple entities and several types of cancers.They can be ass...     

Prevalencia de síntomas depresivos y diagnóstico de sospecha de depresión en pacientes con EPOC

ObjetivoConocer la prevalencia y factores predictores de depresión en pacientes diagnosticados de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) y remitidos desde Atención Primaria a consultas de Neumología, servicios que comparten la atención al proceso EPOC.DiseñoEstudio observacional, multicéntrico, prospectivo con muestreo no probabilístico, transversal.EmplazamientoDos consultas de neumología de dos hospitales de diferente nivel asistencial.ParticipantesSe diagnosticaron 293 pacientes de EPOC en fase estable de la enfermedad.IntervencionesAplicación de cuestionarios clínicos habituales en la EPOC y test HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale).VariablesVariables demográficas, clínicas y funcionales de la EPOC y escala de depresión del test HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale).ResultadosSe incluyeron 229 hombres (78,16%) y 64 mujeres (21,8%), con una edad media de 68,2 ± 10,3 años, de los que 93 (31,7%) eran fumadores activos y 200 (68,3%) exfumadores. El 19,45% de los pacientes tenía diagnóstico clínico previo de depresión, pero mediante el test HADS se estableció el diagnóstico de sospecha en el 32,6%. Las variables predictoras fueron: ser mujer, vivir solo y variables relacionadas con la gravedad de la enfermedad (volumen espiratorio forzado en 1 segundo [FEV1] postbroncodilatador, ser paciente de riesgo y fenotipo agudizador según criterios de la Guía Española de la EPOC [GesEPOC] y grados C y D de criterios Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD]).ConclusionesLa prevalencia de la depresión en pacientes con EPOC es alta y está infradiagnosticada. El test diagnóstico HADS es útil para establecer el diagnóstico de sospecha en las consultas de Atención Primaria y Neumología. Existen factores personales y clínicos que pueden considerar predictores y servir de orientación para determinar en qué pacientes realizar el test HADS y, en función de los resultados, derivar al paciente a una Unidad de Salud Mental para confirmar o descartar el diagnóstico.Palabras clave: EPOC, Depresión, HADS, Prevalencia, Factores de riesgo     

Photochemistry of P,N-bidentate rhenium(i) tricarbonyl complexes: reactive species generation and potential application for antibacterial photodynamic therapy

In this work, we describe the photoisomerization of facial rhenium(i) tricarbonyl complexes bearing P,N-bidentate pyridyl/phosphine ligands with different chelating rings and anions: RePNBr, RePNTfO, and RePNNBr, which are triggered under irradiation at 365 nm in solutions. The apparent photodegradation rate constants (k_app) depend on the coordinating ability of the solvent, being lowest in acetonitrile. The k_app value increases as the temperature rises, suggesting a reactive IL excited state thermally populated from the MLCT excited state involved. Using the Eyring equation, positive activation enthalpies (ΔH^≠) accompanied by high negative values for the activation entropy (ΔS^≠) were obtained. These results suggest whatever the P,N-ligand or anion, the reaction proceeds through a strongly solvated or a compact transition state, which is compatible with an associative mechanism for the photoisomerization. A 100-fold decrease in the log₁₀ CFU value is observed for E. coli and S. aureus in irradiated solutions of the compounds, which follows the same tendency as their singlet oxygen generation quantum yield: RePNBr > RePNTfO > RePNNBr, while no antibacterial activity is observed in the darkness. This result indicates that the generation of singlet oxygen plays a key role in the antibacterial capacity of these complexes.

Three P,N-rhenium tricarbonyl complexes exhibited photoisomerization upon irradiation at 365 nm, and no CO release was detected. The antibacterial activity is attributed to their singlet oxygen generation, following the same decreasing order: RePNBr > RePNTfO > RePNNBr.     

Anticancer activity of pyrimidodiazepines based on 2-chloro-4-anilinoquinazoline: synthesis,DNA binding and molecular docking

Multidrug resistance to chemotherapy is a critical health problem associated with mutation of the therapeutic target. Therefore, the development of anticancer agents remains a challenge to overcome cancer cell resistance. Herein, a new series of quinazoline-based pyrimidodiazepines 16a–g were synthesized by the cyclocondensation reaction of 2-chloro-4-anilinoquinazoline-chalcones 14a–g with 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine. All quinazoline derivatives 14a–g and 16a–g were selected by the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) for testing their anticancer activity against 60 cancer cell lines of different panels of human tumors. Among the tested compounds, quinazoline-chalcone 14g displayed high antiproliferative activity with GI₅₀ values between 0.622–1.81 μM against K-562 (leukemia), RPMI-8226 (leukemia), HCT-116 (colon cancer) LOX IMVI (melanoma), and MCF7 (breast cancer) cancer cell lines. Additionally, the pyrimidodiazepines 16a and 16c exhibited high cytostatic (TGI) and cytotoxic activity (LC₅₀), where 16c showed high cytotoxic activity, which was 10.0-fold higher than the standard anticancer agent adriamycin/doxorubicin against ten cancer cell lines. COMPARE analysis revealed that 16c may possess a mechanism of action through DNA binding that is similar to that of CCNU (lomustine). DNA binding studies indicated that 14g and 16c interact with the calf thymus DNA by intercalation and groove binding, respectively. Compounds 14g, 16c and 16a displayed strong binding affinities to DNA, EGFR and VEGFR-2 receptors. None of the active compounds showed cytotoxicity against human red blood cells.

A new series of quinazoline-based chalcones and pyrimidodiazepines were tested against 60 human tumor cell lines.     

Subclinical affective and cognitive fluctuations in Parkinson's disease: a randomized double-blind double-dummy study of Oral vs. Intrajejunal Levodopa

Journal of Neurology - Chronic levodopa treatment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) may promote undesirable motor and non-motor fluctuations. Compared to chronic oral levodopa treatment, continuous...     

Prevalence and risk factors of silent brain infarcts in patients with AF detected by 3T-MRI

Journal of Neurology - Silent brain infarcts (SBI), a finding on neuroimaging, are associated with higher risk of future stroke. Atrial Fibrillation (AF) has been previously identified as a cause...