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51.
David A Todd MSc PhD John Kennedy FRACO † Sharyn Roberts RN Jane Watts RN Kim Psaila RN BApplSc Elizabeth John MD FRACP 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》1994,22(1):19-23
From January 1986 to December 1991 we examined the eyes of 206 infants born at Westmead Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit who were less than 29 weeks' gestation at birth to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity. Eighty-five infants (41.3%) had no retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in either eye, 82 infants had stages 1 or 2 ROP (39.8%), 29 had stage 3 ROP (14.1%) and 11 had stage 4 ROP (5.3%). Of these, cryotherapy was performed in 18; six now have bilateral retinal detachment and are blind The more severe stages of ROP were significantly associated with an increase in the number of days of oxygen supplementation, an increase in the number of days of mechanical ventilation and the presence of patent ductus arteriosus. Infants receiving steroids for mechanical ventilator dependence had a significantly greater chance of requiring cryotherapy (11 or 22 receiving steroids versus seven of 43 without steroids; P < 0.01). 相似文献
52.
S. S. Kerwar Susan C. Ridge M. Jane Landes Joseph C. Nolan Arnold L. Oronsky 《Inflammation research》1994,43(3-4):206-210
Rabbit inflamed synovial tissue grown in culture synthesizes a factor that induces collagenase synthesis in chondrocytes and in cartilage. Synthesis of this factor by the synovial tissue is inhibited by cycloheximide but not by indomethacin. The factor has an apparent molecular weight of 30,000, is stable to heat and to trypsin treatment but is inactivated by acid. Induction of collagenase synthesis in chondrocytes occurs after a lag period of 6 hours. 相似文献
53.
J. O’Byrne S. Eustace M. M. Stephens M. N. M. R. Farahat G. Yanni R. Posten G. S. Panayi S. Sant R. Costello M. Barry J. Hassan C. Feighery B. Bresnihan A. Whelan F. Coakley A. M. de Paor R. B. Reilly E. B. Casey V. J. Tormey G. Kearns K. Gaffney P. J. Freyne M. Callaghan O. FitzGerald D. Veale E. O’Nuallain D. Reen D. Veale M. Farrell O. FitzGerald S. Rogers L. Barnes R. J. Coughlan C. McCarthy M. McDermott D. Hourihane C. O'Morain S. O'Reilly P. Hartley E. Casey L. Clancy F. Mulcahy N. Hall A. Murphy C. Breen D. Kelleher M. Abuzakouk C. O'Farrelly 《Irish journal of medical science》1992,161(6):438-442
54.
Paul R. Finley R. Jane Williams Carla Fletcher 《Journal of clinical laboratory analysis》1988,2(4):249-255
We have devised assays to detect both circulating alloantibodies to platelets (indirect assay) and platelet-association IgG and IgM (direct assay) using a flow cytometric technique. A variety of patients with immune thrombocytopenia were studied. Employment of a confocal lens in the flow cytometer increased the discrimination power of the instrument. Patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia (idiopathic thrombocytic purpura [ITP], systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), lymphoma, leukemia, and drug-induced thrombocytopenia showed a significant increase in platelet-associated antibody. Circulating antibodies to platelets (alloantibodies) were demonstrated in cases of platelet refractoriness and neonatal isoimmune purpura. Day-today precision of the assays ranged from 3% to 6% (coefficient of variation). No interference was shown in the presence of hemoglobin (5 g/L), triglycerides (10 g/L), or polyclonal and monoclonal immunoglobulinemia (50 g/L: IgG, IgA, IgM). The sensitivity of the direct assay was 500 attograms of IgG or IgM platelet. 相似文献
55.
A L Hartley J M Birch P A McKinney V Blair M D Teare J Carrette J R Mann C A Stiller G J Draper H E Johnston et al. 《Journal of epidemiology and community health》1988,42(3):235-242
The Inter-Regional Epidemiological Study of Childhood Cancer (IRESCC) collected interview and medical information relating to the child's past medical experiences from parents of 555 children diagnosed with cancer and parents of 1110 unaffected matched controls. No significant associations emerged overall for ante-natal care, place and mode of delivery, length of gestation, birth weight, condition at birth, special care, neonatal procedures or breast-feeding. Few risk factors relating to previous illnesses and medication were found, although increasing numbers of illnesses appeared to be associated with an increased risk of childhood cancer, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. A highly significant excess of case children had not been immunised (p = 0.005). In general, these results indicate that past medical experiences have little influence on the development of cancer in children. 相似文献
56.
Paul G. Egland Dale A. Pelletier Marilyn Dispensa Jane Gibson Caroline S. Harwood 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1997,94(12):6484-6489
A reductive benzoate pathway is the central conduit for the anaerobic biodegradation of aromatic pollutants and lignin monomers. Benzene ring reduction requires a large input of energy and this metabolic capability has, so far, been reported only in bacteria. To determine the molecular basis for this environmentally important process, we cloned and analyzed genes required for the anaerobic degradation of benzoate and related compounds from the phototrophic bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris. A cluster of 24 genes was identified that includes twelve genes likely to be involved in anaerobic benzoate degradation and additional genes that convert the related compounds 4-hydroxybenzoate and cyclohexanecarboxylate to benzoyl-CoA. Genes encoding benzoyl-CoA reductase, a novel enzyme able to overcome the resonance stability of the aromatic ring, were identified by directed mutagenesis. The gene encoding the ring-cleavage enzyme, 2-ketocyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA hydrolase, was identified by assaying the enzymatic activity of the protein expressed in Escherichia coli. Physiological data and DNA sequence analyses indicate that the benzoate pathway consists of unusual enzymes for ring reduction and cleavage interposed among enzymes homologous to those catalyzing fatty acid degradation. The cloned genes should be useful as probes to identify benzoate degradation genes from other metabolically distinct groups of anaerobic bacteria, such as denitrifying bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. 相似文献
57.
Question: Is there a difference in cancer-related survival between laparoscopic assisted colectomy (LAC) and open colectomy (OC)? Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Single-centre trial, Barcelona, Spain. Patients: Two hundred and nineteen of 442 eligible patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon were included. Patients were excluded if the tumour was below 15 cm from the anal verge or was in the transverse colon; if there were distant metastases, adjacent organ involvement or obstruction; or the patient had previous colonic surgery. One hundred and eleven were randomized to the LAC group and 108 to the OC. Interventions: Randomization was done the day before surgery. Patients were stratified into 2 groups according to tumour location (right or left side with respect to the splenic flexure) and assigned to the LAC or OC group by means of sealed opaque envelopes containing computer-generated random numbers. Patients in both groups had surgery by a single gastrointestinal surgical team. Pre- and postoperative care was standardized for bowel prep and perioperative antibiotics. Patients received either LAC or OC using a no-touch technique and initial vascular ligation. Main outcome measure: Overall survival. Results: The Cox model showed that LAC was independently associated with reduced risk of tumour relapse (hazard ratio 0.39, 95% CI 0.19 – 0.82), death from any cause (0.48, 0.23 –1.01) and death from a cancer-related cause (0.38, 0.16– 0.91) compared with OC. This superiority of LAC was due to differences in patients with stage III tumours (freedom from recurrence p = 0.04, overall survival p = 0.02, and cancer- related survival p = 0.006).
Conclusion:
LAC is more effective than OC for treatment in terms of morbidity, hospital stay, tumour recurrence and cancer-related survival. 相似文献
58.
Brian J Forbes Gil Binenbaum Jane C Edmond Nicole DeLarato Donna M McDonald-McGinn Elaine H Zackai 《Journal of AAPOS》2007,11(2):179-182
PURPOSE: To identify the ocular features of the chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and to provide ophthalmologic examination recommendations for affected patients. METHODS: Ocular abnormalities were evaluated prospectively in patients with 22q11.2 deletion at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between 1997 and 1999. RESULTS: Ninety patients with confirmed 22q11.2 deletion were examined. Posterior embryotoxon was found in 49%, tortuous retinal vessels in 34%, eyelid hooding in 20%, strabismus in 18%, ptosis in 4%, amblyopia in 4%, and tilted optic nerves in 1%. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of ocular conditions that can potentially affect visual development suggest that children with 22q11.2 deletion should undergo a comprehensive eye examination upon diagnosis of the condition with follow-up as indicated by the findings in each case. In addition, knowledge of the ocular findings, in conjunction with certain cardiac, otolaryngologic, immunologic, and other systemic findings, may alert physicians to the possibility of a chromosome 22q11.2 deletion. 相似文献
59.
Previous studies from this Laboratory have revealed few significant age-related changes in either hepatic microsomal cytochrome
P450 content or NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity, prompting the suggestion that the nearly ubiquitous age-associated decline in the hepatic metabolism
of xenobiotics by the mixed-function oxidases is a result of alterations in the lipid matrix in which the macromolecular components
are organized. In order to examine this postulate, the membrane microenvironment surrounding hepatic microsomal cytochrome
P450 was enzymatically digested with snake venom phospholipase A2, and the kinetics of conversion of cytochrome P450 to cytochrome P420 determined for preparations obtained from rats of varying age. There were no significant differences in the kinetics of conversion
of cytochrome P450 to cytochrome P420, suggesting that there are no significant age-related changes in the lipid microenvironment immediately adjacent to cytochrome
P450. However, there was a slight difference, independent of age, in the rate of conversion of cytochrome P450 to cytochrome P420 between smooth and rough microsomes. The results are discussed in terms of general experimental approaches toward understanding
drug metabolism in senescent organisms. 相似文献
60.