PPARγ参与调节胃癌MKN45细胞株VEGF mRNA的表达及临床意义

目的研究过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体(PPARγ)是否体外参与调节胃癌MKN45细胞VEGF mRNA的表达及临床意义。方法体外培养人胃癌细胞系MKN45,不同浓度的PPARγ激动剂(曲格列酮),PPARγ特异性抑制物体外作用细胞,EMSA测定细胞PPARγ的活性,RT-PCR检测细胞VEGF mRNA的表达。结果相对于对照组,随曲格列酮浓度的增加,胃癌MKN45细胞株PPARγ活性显著性升高(P<0.01),VEGF mRNA的表达显著性降低(P<0.01),且呈剂量依赖关系;PPARγ特异性抑制物能显著性抑制曲格列酮诱导的胃癌MKN45细胞株PPARγ的活化和VEGF mRNA的表达的下调(P<0.01)。结论PPARγ可能参与调节胃癌MKN45细胞株VEGF mRNA的表达,曲格列酮通过激活PPARγ,抑制胃癌MKN45细胞株VEGF mRNA的表达,可能为胃癌的治疗提供新的靶点。     

他莫昔芬与γ-干扰素联合抗人乳腺癌细胞株的作用及其机制研究

目的: 探讨他莫昔芬(TAM)与 γ-干扰素(γ-IFN)联合抗乳腺癌细胞株的作用及其机制。方法:在体外培养条件下，分别或联合应用γ-IFN,TAM或雌二醇（E2）作用于ER阳性的MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞株，用MTT比色法分析细胞生长抑制作用;用流式细胞仪（FCM）检测细胞周期分布、凋亡率及用药前后Bcl-2,Bax,Fas,FasL及Caspase-8蛋白的变化;荧光分光光度仪检测Caspase-3活性。结果:TAM能抑制ER阳性乳腺癌细胞的生长，阻滞细胞周期于G0/G1期，并可诱导细胞凋亡;同时，TAM能拮抗外源性雌激素对MCF-7细胞的促生长作用。γ-IFN预处理细胞24h后，TAM抗乳腺癌细胞的作用增强。联用γ-IFN与TAM后，细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达下调，Caspase-8表达上调;但药物处理前后，细胞Bax，Fas，FasL蛋白表达水平及Caspase-3活性未见明显变化。结论:体外条件下，TAM通过影响细胞周期、诱导细胞凋亡而发挥抗ER阳性乳腺癌细胞作用;γ-IFN能加强TAM的抗乳腺癌作用。两者作用机制可能系通过下调Bcl-2表达和上调Caspase-8的表达。     

生态免疫肠内营养对急性胰腺炎肠道通透性及感染并发症的影响

目的观察生态免疫肠内营养对急性胰腺炎肠通透性及感染并发症的影响。方法76例急性胰腺炎患者在入院48h内随机分为2组,即肠外营养组(PN组)38例和生态免疫肠内营养组(EIN组)36例,EIN组经鼻空肠营养管注入100ml植物乳酸菌(活菌,1×10~8 cfu/ml)持续7d。观察入院时和第8天APACHEⅡ、Balthazar CT评分,统计SIRS,MODS发生率,测定鼻胃管抽吸物细菌含量;入院时、支持后第5天和第8天口服乳果糖和甘露醇(L/M),采用HPLC测定尿中L/M比值;第8天测定血内毒素水平和进行肠道细菌DNA基因指纹分析;营养支持第5天测定营养治疗2h内的促胆囊收缩素和胃泌素含量;第8天统计感染性并发症的发生率和死亡率。结果EIN组获得了良好的治疗效果,感染性并发症明显降低,肠道细菌多样性和通透性得到改善,APACHEⅡ计分和死亡率明显下降,EIN组出现暂时性的CCK分泌增高,但未增加疾病负担。结论EIN能减轻疾病严重程度,改善肠道通透性,降低感染性并发症发生率。     

NDST-1 modulates BMPR and PTHrP signaling during endochondral bone formation in a gene knockout model

GlcNAc N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase-1 (NDST-1), a member of the enzyme family catalyzing the first modification step in the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate (HS), was knocked out in mice to investigate its role in embryonic development. NDST-1 null mice exhibited delayed endochondral bone formation including shortened calcified zones in limbs, delayed chondrocyte and osteogenetic differentiation, and increased chondrocyte proliferation. In situ HS binding assay revealed that the binding ability of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) -2, -4, and -6 to endogenous HS was decreased in mutant phalanges, while that of fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) was not affected. Up-regulation of BMPR-IA, Phospho-Smad1 (P-Smad1) and parathyroid-hormone related protein (PTHrP), but not the Indian hedgehog, Gli1, Gli3, Patched, and FGFR-3, was observed. Furthermore, block of BMPR signaling with noggin rescued the delayed chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation in NDST-1 (−/−) mice and recovered the expression of both P-Smad1 and PTHrP proteins. These results suggested that NDST-1-dependent heparan sulfate might negatively modulate BMP and its downstream PTHrP signaling, and thus affect endochondral bone development.     

多部位采血快速血糖仪的临床应用

目的:探讨多部位采血快速血糖仪检测大鱼际毛细血管葡萄糖用于糖尿病患者血糖监测的准确性及优缺点。方法:对我科47例住院糖尿病患者在知情同意后进行血糖检测。行正常餐实验,在空腹时和正常餐后2h分别采静脉血用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定血糖、采手指血用乐康全血糖仪测定血糖、采手掌大鱼际血用Free- style多部位采血血糖仪检测血糖;同时进行采血疼痛感和使用方便性的主观调查,分最好、好、一般和差4级,转换为数字1、2、3、4进行评价。结果:3组的空腹血糖值差异无显著性(P>0.05);餐后2h血糖差异有显著性(P<0.05)。3组的空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖均有良好的线性相关(r=0.759～0.795,P<0.001)。3个部位的测试结果间均呈良好的线性相关,决定系数(R~2)=0.576～0.651(P<0.001)。两种血糖仪的使用方便性无明显差异.指尖采血的疼痛性要强于手掌大鱼际采血(P<0.05)。结论:多部位快速血糖仪(Freestyle)手掌大鱼际采血检测血糖的结果可靠,是糖尿病患者长期监测血糖的一种较为准确、方便、痛苦较少的方法。     

血液透滤清除血清IL-6在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的应用研究

目的探讨血液透滤清除IL-6在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的作用及机理。方法根据诊断标准对2002年7月至2006年6月来我院就诊的178例重症急性胰腺炎患者随机分组：血滤组（HF组）85人,非血滤组（NHF组）93人。比较两组患者局部和全身表现,观察各时相点促炎细胞因子血清IL-6的测定值的差异。结果HF组与NHF组比较：腹痛腹胀持续时间为（18.8±4.2）hvs（89.7±28.1）h（P〈0.05）;治疗后第10天APACHEⅡ积分为（5.5±3.6）分vs（13.8±3.8）分（P〈0.05）;住院天数和医疗费为（28.2±12.4）天vs（42.4±11.2）天和（4.38±2.8）万元vs（7.46±2.2）万元,（P〈0.05）。治疗后各时相点血清IL-6检测结果：HF组较NHF组显著降低（P〈0.05）;MODS发病率和病死率分别为12.47%vs.36.28%和4.28%vs.12.82%,两者差异有统计学显著意义（P〈0.05）。结论早期短时血滤有利于纠正重症急性胰腺炎患者血清促炎细胞因子过度释放,使病情减轻,降低MODS发病率和病死率,提高疗效。     

腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术(附38例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜经腹膜腹股沟斜疝无张力修补术(transabdominal preperitoneal prosthesis,TAPP)的安全性和有效性。方法:38例腹股沟疝患者均采用TAPP治疗,其中直疝9例,斜疝21例,股疝1例,双侧疝2例,复发疝5例。结果:所有患者均手术成功,平均手术时间(40.3±15.8)min,平均住院时间(5.4±1.6)d,随访0.5~3年,均未复发。结论:TAPP是治疗腹股沟疝安全有效的方法。     

感觉神经植入兔带蒂皮瓣转移再造阴茎后的再生神经形态学观察

目的 观察兔隐神经与阴茎背神经吻接植入腹壁浅血管蒂岛状皮瓣阴茎再造术后，再造阴茎感觉神经的再生过程和机制，探索再造阴茎感觉功能重建的有效方法。方法 雄性新西兰兔40只随机均分为实验（神经植入）组和对照（未植神经）组。建立隐神经与阴茎背神经吻接植入腹壁浅血管蒂岛状皮瓣阴茎再造术的动物模型，术后1、2周及1、3、6个月，应用组织学、免疫组化及电镜等方法对再造阴茎感觉神经的再生情况进行形态学观察。结果 组织学观察发现实验组皮瓣内神经束数量不断增多，至术后6个月时尚可见神经长人脂肪层，对照组皮瓣内残存神经呈萎缩改变；免疫组化结果显示：术后实验组神经植入后再生感觉神经纤维、触觉小体、表皮内游离神经末梢的密度和数量明显高于对照组；电镜结果表明：术后3个月以内早期，皮肤感觉神经的再生以无髓神经纤维为主，之后有髓纤维和无髓纤维均有出现。结论 隐神经移植与阴茎背神经端端吻合植入兔腹壁浅血管蒂岛状皮瓣阴茎再造术，再造阴茎至少在6个月时可以获得良好的感觉神经再生和末梢感受器的神经再支配。     

Laparoscopic primary choledochorrhaphy over endonasobiliary drainage tubes

Background The T-tube is widely used in laparoscopic choledochotomy to decompress the biliary tree. However, there are high morbidity rates related to the T-tube. This study reviewed the results of laparoscopic primary choledochorrhaphy over endonasobiliary drainage (ENBD) tubes to find an effective alternative to the T-tube for the performance of laparoscopic choledochotomy. Methods From March 2003 to September 2005, 23 patients (9 men and 14 women) with choledocholithiasis underwent laparoscopic choledochotomy over ENBD tubes. The mean age of these patients was 47 years (range, 32–73 years). At admission, six patients had cholangitis. All the patients had ENBD tubes placed preoperatively after the failure of endoscopic sphincterotomy. Results There was no conversion to open surgery. The mean operative time was 90 min (range, 70–150 min). There were no biliary complications such as bile leaks, biliary peritonitis, or pancreatitis. No residual stones were found by postoperative cholangiograms. The ENBD tubes were removed between postoperative days 7 and 9. The hospital stay ranged from 8 to 14 days, with 16 patients (70%) discharged on postoperative day 8. The complications were limited to one umbilical infection and one case of pneumonia. The median follow-up period was 24 months (range, 8–36 months), and none of the patients were readmitted with biliary symptoms. Conclusion Laparoscopic choledochotomy over ENBD tubes proved to be technically feasible and safe. The ENBD tube decompresses the biliary tree and allows for cholangiography after surgery. Its removal does not need to wait for tract maturation, which allows an earlier removal of the tube and a shorter postoperative hospital stay. Laparoscopic choledochotomy over ENBD tubes is an effective alternative to the T-tube in laparoscopic choledochotomy.