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61.
Oberärztin Dr. U. Hirschfelder 《Journal of orofacial orthopedics》1986,47(4):304-316
Zusammenfassung Zur Klärung möglicher Ursachenfaktoren, die zur Entstehung einer Laterogenie beitragen, wurden 22 Patienten nach klinisch funktionellen Kriterien ausgewählt und computertomographisch untersucht. Durch die bessere Vergleichbarkeit überlagerungsfrei abgebildeter morphologischer Strukturen im Computertomogramm konnte eine Einteilung in vier Ursachenbereiche erfolgen, innerhalb derer verschiedene asymmetrische Einzelabweichungen analysiert und diskutiert wurden. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die computertomographisch strukturelle Analyse bei dieser Problemstellung anderen Untersuchungsmethoden überlegen ist und im Einzelfall neue Anhaltspunkte für eine prognostische Abschätzung weiterer Entwicklungstendenzen bietet.
Summary To determine the possible reasons, contributing to the formation of laterogenia, 22 patients were investigated by computer tomography. The patients were selected according to clinical and functional criteria. As CT gives a more accurate comparison of structures without superimposition it was possible to subdivide the causative factors into four groups. Within each of them, different asymmetric deviations could be analysed and discussed. It was shown, that structural-CT analysis is superior to other methods of investigation, particularly for this kind of problem. Furthermore it provides new criteria for a prognostic evaluation of development.
Résumé Pour rechercher les causes qui contribuent à la formation d'une latérogénie, on avait examiné 22 patients, sélectionnés par leur aspect clinique et fonctionnel, à l'aide d'un computer analysant des tomographies. Grâce à ce computer, la meilleure comparaison des structures, représentées sans superposition, donnait la possibilité d'en classifier les causes en quatre catégories, dans lesquelles on analysait et discutait les différentes déviations asymétriques. Il est évident, que dans ces problèmes l'analyse computertomographique-structurelle surpasse d'autres méthodes d'examen et qu'elle offre de nouveaux critères pour prévoir d'autres tendances du développement.相似文献
62.
63.
Dr. med. Thorsten Schäfer Heike Vogelsang 《Somnologie - Schlafforschung und Schlafmedizin》2002,6(2):79-84
Summary Question of the study Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) prevents collapse of the upper airway during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea provided that a positive transmural pressure can be maintained during inspiration. We examined pressure-flow characteristics in seven CPAP and bilevel devices during spontaneous breathing.
Methods The CPAP devices were set to a pressure level of 9.8 hPa (10 cm H2 O) and adapted to a pneumotachograph using a standard CPAP hose and an outlet valve. We continuously measured flow, volume and pressure during resting ventilation and increasing voluntary hyperventilation and analysed the dependence of the variables on a breath-to-breath basis.
Results Mean CPAP pressures differed between the devices (9.9 – 10.6 hPa) despite the same settings. In all machines pressure fell during inspiration to 8.4 – 9.8 hPa and increased during expiration to 11.1 – 11.7 hPa. This effect increased with higher flow rates. Maximum expiratory pressures rose to 12 – 19 hPa at peak flow rates of 2 l/s, mean expiratory pressures to 9.5 – 16 hPa. Inspiratory pressures dropped to 8.5 – 4.5 hPa (minimum) and 10.5 – 6.0 (mean). Bilevel devices showed a higher stability than CPAP devices. Pressure swings during the respiratory cycle increased the additional work of breathing.
Conclusions Due to differences in mean and effective CPAP levels CPAP devices are not simply exchangeable but should be individually adapted. Patients with higher minute ventilation might benefit from more stable CPAP machines. The impact on patients' compliance remains to be evaluated. 相似文献
Methods The CPAP devices were set to a pressure level of 9.8 hPa (10 cm H
Results Mean CPAP pressures differed between the devices (9.9 – 10.6 hPa) despite the same settings. In all machines pressure fell during inspiration to 8.4 – 9.8 hPa and increased during expiration to 11.1 – 11.7 hPa. This effect increased with higher flow rates. Maximum expiratory pressures rose to 12 – 19 hPa at peak flow rates of 2 l/s, mean expiratory pressures to 9.5 – 16 hPa. Inspiratory pressures dropped to 8.5 – 4.5 hPa (minimum) and 10.5 – 6.0 (mean). Bilevel devices showed a higher stability than CPAP devices. Pressure swings during the respiratory cycle increased the additional work of breathing.
Conclusions Due to differences in mean and effective CPAP levels CPAP devices are not simply exchangeable but should be individually adapted. Patients with higher minute ventilation might benefit from more stable CPAP machines. The impact on patients' compliance remains to be evaluated. 相似文献
64.
65.
HLA-DR7 predicts the response to alkylating agents in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Martin Konrad Joannis Mytilineos Hans Ruder Gerhard Opelz Karl Schärer 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1997,11(1):16-19
There is a lack of reliable predictors of the response to alkylating agents in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
(NS). HLA-DR7 is strongly associated with the frequency of relapses in steroid-sensitive NS before cytostatic therapy. We
therefore examined retrospectively the time to the first relapse and the incidence of subsequent relapses in 54 HLA-typed
children with frequently relapsing NS, after treatment with cyclophosphamide (n = 49) or chlorambucil (n = 5) for 8 or 12 weeks; 38 patients were HLA-DR7 positive and 16 negative with 80% in both groups being steroid dependent.
HLA typing was performed using serological or DNA typing methods. Renal biopsy showed minimal glomerular changes. A lower
proportion of HLA-DR7 positive than negative patients remained in remission after 3 years (36% vs. 81%, P<0.02) and 5 years (36% vs. 72%, P<0.03). In the first 3 years after cytostatic therapy the mean number of prednisone-treated relapses was 1.3/patient per year
in HLA-DR7-positive patients compared with 0.4 in negative patients (P<0.025). There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of relapse-free patients with and without steroid
dependency. The HLA status predicts the response of NS patients to alkylating agents better than the rate of previous relapses.
Received September 19, 1995; received in revised form and accepted April 16, 1996 相似文献
66.
E. Engblom H. Hämäläinen T. Rönnemaa E. Vänttinen V. Kallio L. -R. Knuts 《Quality of life research》1994,3(3):207-213
The work situation of 66 male patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS) and who had been randomly allocated to receive cardiac rehabilitation (group R) was compared with the work situation of 59 similar patients allocated to receive only standard care (group H). The follow-up time was one year. The proportions of subjects working in groups R and H were 26% and 20% (p=ns) before the CABS, 45% and 34% (p=ns) 6 months and 56% and 38% (p=ns) 12 months after the CABS, repectively. The increase in proportion of subjects who worked was significant in both groups at both 6 and 12 months after the CABS (p<0.05 for all changes). The increases were not significantly different between the whole groups, but in patients younger than 55 years of age, return to work was more frequent in group R than in group H (at 12 months 60% vs. 35%, p for the difference in change=0.02). Stepwise logistic regression analysis of the factors influencing return to work showed that a patient's judgement of his own working capacity as good 6 months after CABS (odds ratio (OR) 8.5, confidence interval (CI) 2.3–32.0), functional class 16 months after the CABS (OR 6.7, CI 1.8–24.5), his desire to work (OR 6.4, CI 1.6–26.0) and absence from work of less than 3 months before the CABS (OR 4.9, CI 1.2–20.2) were significant positive predictors of return to work 1 year after the CABS. 相似文献
67.
68.
H.-G. Machens P. Brenner H. Wienbergen N. Pallua P. Mailänder A. Berger 《Der Unfallchirurg》1997,100(9):711-714
Summary
Enchondroma are benign cartilaginous tumors and are localized most often at the site of the phalanges. Between 1982 and 1993
73 patients with monostotic enchondroma and 5 patients with polyostotic enchondroma were operated at our clinic. Clinical
signs of monostotic tumors were pathological fracture (38.4 %), pain or swelling. Eleven percent of cases were accidental
findings. Surgical treatment was performed by complete removal of the tumors and filling the bone cavity with autologous spongiosa
taken from the pelvic bones, the elbow, or the radius. Three patients (4.1 %) had to be operated a second time due to wound
infections and hematoma. In one case Sudeck's dystrophy was diagnosed. One patient (1.4 %) developed a recurrent tumor. Our
follow-up examination of 65 patients showed that 77 % of the patients with monostotic enchondroma achieve very good or good
functional long-term results after this operation, but only 40 % of the patients with polyostotic enchondroma.
相似文献
69.
70.
Significance of haemorrhagic lacunes on MRI in patients with hypertensive cerebrovascular disease and intracerebral haemorrhage 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
Our purpose was to determine the frequency and signifcance of haemorrhagic lacunes (HL) on MRI in patients with a history of, or at risk for intracerebral haemorrhage. We examined 72 patients with old spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) using T1-and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences. MRI studies of 137 consecutive patients with cerebrovascular disease but no known ICH were also reviewed. Both groups showed about the same degree of age-related white matter change and nonhaemorrhagic lacunar infarcts, whereas the ICH group had a higher frequency of HL (12/72 patients) than the non-ICH group (6/131 patients,p<0.01). These results correlate well with reported pathological findings. We conclude that haemorrhagic lacunes found on MRI studies of patients with cerebrovascular disease may suggest a higher risk of intracerebral haemorrhage. 相似文献