Osseous destruction and rupture of the extensor tendon caused by sarcoidosis of the finger.

We describe a woman with osseous destruction and rupture of the extensor tendon as a result of sarcoidosis in the left third finger with no evidence of systemic involvement. The tendon was repaired and she was successfully treated with prednisone.     

维生素E琥珀酸酯诱导人胃腺癌细胞凋亡途径

目的　探讨维生素E琥珀酸酯 (VES)诱导人胃腺癌SGC -790 1细胞凋亡的死亡受体 (Fas)信号转导途径。方法　人胃腺癌SGC -790 1细胞经不同剂量VES(5,10 ,2 0 μg/ml)处理 ,同时做琥珀酸、维生素E和空白对照 ,采用DAPI(4,6-贰脒基 -2 -苯基吲哚 )荧光染色法观察细胞凋亡情况 ,用WesternBlot法检测Fas、带有死亡结构域的Fas相关蛋白 (FADD)和天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶 (caspase -8)蛋白表达情况 ,Fas和FADD反义寡聚核苷分别转染SGC -790 1细胞后 ,用荧光法检测caspase -8活性。 结果　经VES处理后的细胞DAPI染色可见凋亡的形态学改变 ,2 0 μg/mlVES处理 48h后的细胞凋亡率为 89.6% ;VES处理 48h后Fas、FADD和caspase -8蛋白表达明显增加 ,且呈剂量 -效应关系 ;阻断Fas可明显抑制FADD蛋白表达 ,Fas和FADD反义寡聚核苷转染细胞后caspase -8活性明显降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,其中阻断Fas的效果高于阻断FADD。结论　维生素E琥珀酸酯诱导人胃腺癌SGC -790 1细胞凋亡过程中启动了Fas信号转导途径 ,VES启动Fas后 ,FADD将Fas和caspase -8联接起来 ,活化caspases级联反应 ,从而构成Fas/FADD/caspase -8的凋亡信号途径     

甲状腺部分切除术后甲状腺功能减退的相关原因分析

目的　探讨继发于部分甲状腺 ( 5 0 %～ 70 % )切除术后甲状腺功能减退 (甲减 )的发病率和相关原因。方法　回顾性分析 1988～ 2 0 0 0年行部分甲状腺切除术 12 10例患者的临床资料 ,包括年龄、性别、血清TSH水平、甲状腺球蛋白抗体 (TGA )、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体 (TPO )、切除甲状腺组织重量等 ,以确定外科术后甲减的发生率和相关原因。结果　 12 10例中有 41例 ( 3 .4% )诊断为甲减 ,其中亚临床甲减 2 8例 ,临床甲减 13例。术后TSH平均水平为 ( 9.2 2± 3 .3 6)mU /L。与甲状腺功能正常患者的术前TSH水平 [( 1.0 7± 0 .72 )mU /L]相比 ,甲减者术前TSH平均水平 [( 3 .14±1.0 5 )mU /L ]明显升高 (P 0 .0 5 ) ;术前、术后的TGA及TPO水平比术后功能正常者明显升高 (P 0 .0 5 )。在年龄、性别或切除甲状腺组织重量上无显著性差异。平均甲状腺片的有效治疗剂量为1mg/ (kg·d) [范围 0 .3～ 1.3mg/ (kg·d) ]。 结论　继发于部分甲状腺切除术后的甲减常见于术前TSH和甲状腺自身抗体水平较高的病例 ,而与年龄、性别或切除甲状腺组织重量等因素无关 ,通常是症状轻微或无症状者 ,且用小剂量的甲状腺激素治疗效果良好。     

Evaluation of leukocyte arylsulphatase a, serum interleukin-6 and urinary heparan sulphate following tamoxifen therapy in breast cancer.

Leukocyte arylsulphatase A (AS-A) was shown to be significantly high in newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients. Previous reports imply a connection between serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and breast cancer, possibly through a modulation of enzymes involved in estrogen synthesis. Abnormal distribution of heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs) in malignant breast epithelial cells suggests that they play a key role in the regulation of cell growth. Estradiol is believed to be effective in modulating glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and their depolymerizing enzymes. Therefore, in this study, attempts were made to evaluate the activity of leukocyte arylsulphatase A, serum interleukin-6, urinary GAGs and heparan sulphate (HS) in response to tamoxifen (TAM) therapy in mastectomised breast cancer patients. Thirty-four patients (aged 30-82 years) were administered TAM (20 mg twice daily). Blood and urine samples of each patient were collected three times (at the beginning, and in third and sixth month of TAM therapy), and biochemical parameters were measured. There was no difference between baseline leukocyte AS-A activity and that measured after three months. At the end of six months, enzyme activity was significantly higher than the former values (p=0.022), but within the reference intervals reported in the literature. Although this increase might imply a normalization, the duration of TAM therapy is not long enough to make a decision about either regression or aggravation of the disease. TAM did not have any effect on serum IL-6, urinary HS and GAG levels which may be due to insensitivity of these variables to TAM during the short period of therapy. Both urinary GAG and HS levels measured at sixth month exhibited a positive correlation with the baseline level of leukocyte AS-A (p=0.005 and 0.009, respectively), suggesting that positive responses to the drug might be seen in patients with low AS-A activity.     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arg</Emphasis>194<Emphasis Type="Italic">Trp</Emphasis> polymorphism in DNA repair gene XRCC1 and the risk for sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined pathologically by the presence of β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and extensive neuronal loss. Evidence indicates that increased DNA damage may contribute to neuronal loss in AD. Recently, it has been shown that in AD neurons have a reduced capacity for some types of DNA repair. Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may be associated with differences in repair efficiency of DNA damage. Variants of several DNA repair genes, including the base excision repair gene XRCC1, have been described previously. We hypothesised that Arg194Trp polymorphism of XRCC1 gene may contribute to genetic susceptibility for AD. In order to test this hypothesis, we investigated Arg194Trp polymorphism at the XRCC1 gene in the DNA samples of 98 patients with AD and 95 healthy subjects. The frequency of the Trp allele was more pronounced among cases (11.2%) compared with controls (5.8%). On combining the homozygous and heterozygous variants of each codon, the variants seemed to be at twofold risk of AD, although the risk estimates were not statistically significant (OR=1.95, 95% CI 0.88–4.34, p=0.09). In addition, the 194Trp allele revealed a borderline significance (OR=2.05, 95% CI 0.96–4.37, p=0.056). According to our results, it may be speculated that the polymorphic variants of XRCC1 codon 194 have a role in the development of AD.     

手部热压伤的早期修复(附43例报告)

目的 探讨早期清创、组织修复在热压伤治疗中的临床疗效。方法 分析43例不同程度手部热压伤患的病损特点并行临床分度，以便准确诊治、判断预后；全部病例采用早期手术治疗，轻度热压伤(即浅Ⅲ度烧伤)早期行切痂全厚或中厚皮片修复，中度和重度热压伤早期彻底清创保留间生态组织，应用血循环丰富的组织瓣修复创面。结果 42例创面一期修复，手功能和外形恢复满意：1例创面二期修复，手功能恢复差。结论 手部热压伤应早期手术清创，据病损程度选择良好的方法及时修复组织缺损，可最大限度地恢复手功能和外形，减少致残率，缩短疗程，获得较好的临床疗效。