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91.
E Grant E Turney M Bartlett C Winbon H D Peterson 《The Journal of burn care & rehabilitation》1992,13(6):703-707
The "Learn Not to Burn" prevention program is a burn prevention curriculum sponsored by the North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center, the State Department of Public Instruction, and the North Carolina Department of Insurance Fire and Rescue Division. The goal of the program is to reduce burn-related deaths and injuries in North Carolina through burn prevention education by making the "Learn Not to Burn" curriculum available to primary school children across the state at no cost to the schools. The curriculum instrument is a reusable notebook that provides a means for teachers to integrate burn prevention into regular class subject areas. At the time of initiation of this study approximately 70% of the school systems in North Carolina had been provided with the "Learn Not to Burn" curriculum. 相似文献
92.
M E McNaughton T L Patterson M R Irwin I Grant 《The Journal of nervous and mental disease》1992,180(8):491-497
We evaluated the relationship between life events, social support, coping, and depression in 27 male inpatients meeting the requirements for Research Diagnostic Criteria major depressive disorder and in 35 age- and sex-matched nonpatients. Overall, the hospitalized depressed patients reported significantly more events and difficulties than did the controls, but this difference in statistical significance disappeared after excluding from analysis "non-independent" happenings which could have been brought on by depression. More hospitalized depressed patients (23 of 27, or 85%) than controls (8 of 35, or 22.9%) experienced markedly threatening events and difficulties ("marked adversities") in the 6 months before their interview. The depressed group also reported having significantly fewer social supports, being less satisfied with the emotional component of this support, and using more emotion-focused coping than the controls. A discriminant analysis predicted depressive status from a combination of marked adversities, reduced number of social supports, and greater use of emotion-focused coping. The results indicate that the relationship of life events to depression is complex. The excess number of events might be partly a product of dysfunctional behavior that "produces" depression-related events which might, in turn, exacerbate depression; simultaneously, patients are more likely to experience highly adverse events which might precipitate the depression in the first place. Reduced social supports and the use of emotion-focused coping appear to also be associated with hospitalization for major depression. 相似文献
93.
Pancreatic pseudotumor in pancreas divisum: CT characteristics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P M Silverman L McVay R K Zeman B S Garra E G Grant M H Jaffe 《Journal of computer assisted tomography》1989,13(1):140-141
We report a case in which a focally spared area of pancreatic tissue in a gland otherwise replaced by fat created a "pseudomass" mimicking neoplasm on sonography and CT. The "pseudomass" appearance was related to the anomalous ductal anatomy in pancreas divisum. The spared area of pancreas creating a "pseudomass" was drained by the dorsal duct and the remainder of the pancreas that had undergone relative fatty replacement was drained by the ventral duct. 相似文献
94.
Members of the Poxviridae family are particularly adept at avoiding the host immune system, encoding a plethora of immunomodulatory proteins that subvert host defense. With their large genome, poxviruses are also useful for studying the effect of exogenous genes on virus-host interactions and immune responses. The insertion of the Th2 cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) into several poxviruses significantly increases the efficiency of the recombinant virus as a pathogen by directly inhibiting the development of Th1 immunity, which is crucial for viral clearance. In an age in which the fear of genetically modified weaponized pathogens exists, the understanding of how to make viruses more pathogenic further blurs the distinction between fundamental academic research and bioweapons development. Here, the extent of immune evasion by IL-4-expressing poxviruses will be explored, as will the consequences of this increased pathogenicity on protective immune responses. 相似文献
95.
Gordon GR Baimoukhametova DV Hewitt SA Rajapaksha WR Fisher TE Bains JS 《Nature neuroscience》2005,8(8):1078-1086
Glial cells actively participate in synaptic transmission. They clear molecules from the synaptic cleft, receive signals from neurons and, in turn, release molecules that can modulate signaling between neuronal elements. Whether glial-derived transmitters can contribute to enduring changes in postsynaptic efficacy, however, remains to be established. In rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, we demonstrate an increase in the amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents in response to norepinephrine that requires the release of ATP from glial cells. The increase in quantal efficacy, which likely results from an insertion of AMPA receptors, is secondary to the activation of P2X(7) receptors, an increase in postsynaptic calcium and the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. The gliotransmitter ATP, therefore, contributes directly to the regulation of postsynaptic efficacy at glutamatergic synapses in the CNS. 相似文献
96.
Ryuichi Yatani Taizo Shiraishi Kaneyoshi Akazaki Takuji Hayashi Lance K. Heilbrun Grant N. Stemmermann 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1986,409(4):395-405
Summary The histological grades of prostatic carcinoma, as defined by Gleason, were correlated with three methods of morphometry in 254 step-sectioned prostates obtained at autopsy. The variables studied were 1) the number of tumours in each prostate; 2) bilaterality and 3) tumour volume. Each characteristic yielded a statistically significant correlation with histological grade. The strongest correlations were obtained using tumour volume. These autopsy studied help to explain the inconsistent results obtained from morphometric analyses of surgical material, and lend support to the Gleason system as a means of predicting tumour behavior.Supported in part by research contracts PH 64-10, NCI-72-3213, N01-CP-53521; Grant R01-CA-33644; and the Grant-in-Aid for Cancer Research (33) from the Ministry of Health and Welfare 相似文献
97.
Mutations in VMK1, a mitogen-activated protein kinase gene, affect microsclerotia formation and pathogenicity in Verticillium dahliae 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Rauyaree P Ospina-Giraldo MD Kang S Bhat RG Subbarao KV Grant SJ Dobinson KF 《Current genetics》2005,48(2):109-116
Verticillium dahliae is an important soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes vascular wilt diseases in a large variety of important crop plants.
Due to its persistence in the soil, control of Verticillium wilt relies heavily on soil fumigation. The global ban on methyl bromide, a highly effective soil fumigant, poses an urgent
need to develop alternative control measures against Verticillium wilt; and these might be more forthcoming with a better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underpin
the pathogenicity of V. dahliae. In this study, we assessed the role in growth, development, and pathogenicity of VMK1, a gene encoding a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (hence, Verticillium
MAP Kinase 1). Disruption of VMK1 via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, in two V. dahliae isolates, one from lettuce and the other from tomato, resulted in severely reduced virulence in diverse host plants, suggesting
that VMK1 is essential for pathogenicity and that the MAP kinase-mediated signaling pathway has a conserved role in fungal pathogenicity.
The vmk1 mutants also exhibited reduced conidiation and microsclerotia formation, suggesting that the gene is important for multiple
cellular processes.
P.R. and R.G.B. equally contributed to the work 相似文献
98.
99.
Wasim Jafri Khalid Mumtaz William P Burdick Page S Morahan Rosslynne Freeman Tabassum Zehra 《BMC medical education》2007,7(1):34
Background
Residents play an important role in teaching of medical undergraduate students. Despite their importance in teaching undergraduates they are not involved in any formal training in teaching and leadership skills. We aimed to compare the teaching skills of residents with faculty in facilitating small group Problem Based Learning (PBL) sessions. 相似文献100.
S. Grant M. J. Keating 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1992,89(2):383-396
Summary In the frog, Xenopus laevis, a system of intertectal connections underlies the visual projection from an eye to its ipsilateral tectal lobe and is involved in the topographic representation of binocular visual space. Rotation of one eye in early life may be followed by a radical rearrangement of the connections in this system. The modified pattern which later emerges is that which keeps the visual projection through the ipsilateral eye in topographic registration with the direct visual projection from the contralateral eye to the same tectal lobe. This plasticity requires visual experience.In this paper we describe the time-course and sequence of events by which this plasticity is effected. Following rotation of one eye in larval animals or in animals undergoing metamorphic climax, the earliest evidence of intertectal modification was found 3–4 weeks after metamorphosis. With increasing intervals after metamorphosis an increasing proportion of animals displayed modified intertectal systems. At intermediate intervals many animals showed partial modifications, which were interpreted as transitional stages in the modification process. Analysis of these transitional stages indicated that the sequence of events involved in the elaboration of a modified intertectal system following the experimental alteration of eye alignment exhibits features in common with rearrangements of the system that occur during normal development in response to growth-related alterations in eye alignment. 相似文献