穴位注射治疗尖锐湿疣及对免疫功能的影响

目的：探讨穴位注射治疗CA的临床疗效及对CA患者免疫功能的影响。方法：149例患者随机分为治疗组（A组）、药物对照组（B组）和空白对照组（C组）。运用激光治疗消除疣体后，A组用卡介菌多糖核酸穴位注射，B组用卡介菌多糖核酸肌肉注射，C组仅行激光消除疣体治疗。分别于治疗前及6个月以后检测患者细胞免疫功能。另设健康人对照组40例，检测项目同上。结果：治疗前与健康人相比，CA患者CD4^＋百分率降低，CD8^＋百分率升高，CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值降低，NK细胞活性降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。运用穴位注射卡介菌多糖核酸治疗后，治疗组CD4^＋百分率升高，CD8^＋百分率降低，CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值升高，NK细胞活性升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论：穴位注射卡介菌多糖核酸疗法对CA的T淋巴细胞亚群、自然杀伤（NK）细胞有良性调节作用；可明显降低尖锐湿疣复发率，提高细胞免疫调节作用，是防止尖锐湿疣复发的机制之一。     

汶川地震后重灾区人群重性抑郁障碍流行病学调查

目的 了解中国汶川5·12地震后重灾区居民的重性抑郁障碍患病率、患者的人口学和社会文化特征及患病相关危险因素.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法随机抽取≥15岁人群14 503人,以一般健康问卷12项(GHQ-12)为筛选工具,采用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查版(SCID-Ⅰ/P)为调查诊断工具.结果 重性抑郁障碍现患180例,时点患病率为1.27%,终生患病率为1.36%;女性(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.136～2.143,P＜0.05)、合并躯体疾病(OR=4.02,95%CI:2.75～5.90,P＜0.05)、地震中受伤(OR=3.29,95%CI:1.92～5.65,P＜0.05)、财产损失(其中10万～20万元OR=2.09,95%CI:1.18～3.69,P＜0.05;＞20万元OR=2.54,95%CI:1.38～4.68,P＜0.05)、家人去世或失踪(OR=3.79,95%CI:2.08～6.89,P＜0.05)以及中年人群(OR=2.31,95%CI:1.38～3.86,P＜0.05)为危险因素.有职业为保护性因素(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.43～0.83,P＜0.05).结论 重性抑郁障碍是目前地震灾区较为多发的精神疾病.     

Childhood Pityriasis Rosea

Abstract: Pityriasis rosea (PR) is an acute, self‐limiting papulosquamous disorder of unknown etiology. Published studies of childhood PR are scarce and most are reviews. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic and clinical features of childhood PR.     

宁夏贝母化学成分的研究

从宁夏贝母(Frdillapia taipaiensis P. Y. Li var. ningxiaensis Y. K. Yang et. J. K. Wu)的鳞茎中分得六个异甾体生物碱成分,鉴定为宁贝素(taipaienine,Ⅰ)、川贝酮(chuanbeinone,Ⅱ)、西贝素(imperialine,Ⅲ)、贝母乙素(verticinone,Ⅳ)、贝母辛(peimissine,Ⅴ)和异贝母甲素(isoverticine,Ⅵ).其中T为一新C-去甲-D-高甾生物碱。应用波谱分析(IR,MS,¹HNMR和¹³CNMR)等确定了它们的化学结构。     

Social characteristics of urban cafe guests in Norway

Which factors may influence the number of hours spent per week in cafes, and the amount of alcohol consumed in licensed premises, by urban cafe guests in Norway? In 1991 a comprehensive questionnaire survey was undertaken among 1053 visitors to 41 licensed cafes in Oslo, Norway. The five most important predictors of time spent in cafes were: household situation (β=0.20), occupation (β= 0.18), personal economic resources and sex (both β= 0.15) and age (β= 0.11). These factors were also significant predictors of the number of days during the past 4 weeks the respondents had drunk jour glasses or more of alcohol in cafes. Men, people living with others, people with poor economic resources and people not engaged in paid employment or education were the ones who reported spending the most hours per week and the most episodes of “heavy” drinking in cafes during a 4-week period. Visiting and drinking in cafes may be a way of structuring everyday life.     

Effects of malnutrition on the erythrocyte fatty acid composition and plasma vitamin E levels of Pakistani children

Abstract Erythrocyte fatty acids and plasma vitamin E concentrations were determined in 47 grade 2 and 21 grade 3 malnourished Pakistani children (ages 4–56 months). Data were compared with those of 26 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy controls. Evaluation with three statistical approaches revealed that both grade 2 and grade 3 malnourished children had decreased erythrocyte ω6 fatty acids and to a lesser extent decreased ω3 fatty acids. These decreases were compensated for by increased ω9 fatty acids. The patients tended to have lower plasma vitamin E concentrations. We conclude that malnourished Pakistani children have low essential fatty acid status, notably those of the ω6 series. The combination of low erythrocyte 22:6ω3 and a low 22:5ω6/22:4ω6 ratio in grade 2 patients suggests low Δ4-desaturation activity, which may be due to impaired peroxisomal β-oxidation.     

AUDITORY BRAINSTEM RESPONSES (ABR) IN HIGH-RISK NEONATES

ABSTRACT. In the present study, auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were recorded in 60 highrisk neonates in the intensive care unit selected by the following criteria: Birth-weight <2000 g, hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy or exchange transfusion, idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, artificial ventilation, asphyxia, sepsis or meningitis, intracranial haemorrhage, neurological symptoms and potential ototoxic medication (aminoglycoides, furosemide). The infants tested ranged in gestational age from 27-44 weeks. The ABR testing was performed in a sound-proof room using the Madsen (ERA-74) equipment. Four infants did not reveal responses to 70 dB HL ("nonresponders"), and the total of 10 neonates (16.6%) had abnormal ABR-tests, when the physiological changes related to gestational age and conceptional age (gestational age plus the age after birth) were taken into account. The 10 neonates with abnormal tests were reexamined after discharge, and in six there were no improvement of threshold sensitivity. Three of the "nonresponders" were retested several times within the two years after birth (one died at age 18 months of pertussis), and none of them revealed ABR at stimulus intensity of 70 dB HL. They all attend an audiological training program started at age of six months as a consequence of the early diagnosis of impaired auditory function. It is our opinion that a routine ABR-evaluation should be performed on high risk neonates (criteria mentioned above) in the newborn intensive care unit. Retesting of infants with abnormal responses within three months, and several times within the next two years if abnormal responses persist, is important. Transient impairment of auditory functions is not uncommon in these infants. However, the children with persisting hearing impairment should be discovered early to attend an early audiological training program.     

Use of monoclonal antibodies to identify cerebrospinal fluid lymphoblasts in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

The identification of small numbers of leukemic cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) presents a diagnostic problem in the treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We adapted a latex sphere rosetting technique to allow us to identify simultaneously cell surface markers and cell morphology in 199 CSF samples from 34 patients and 14 control subjects. In patients without leukemic meningitis, the majority of CSF lymphocytes (69%) were found to be mature T cells positive for OKT11. A much smaller number of cells (8%) were found to be B cells positive for la. In these children, only 3% of CSF lymphoid cells expressed the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA). Similar results were found in the control subjects. By contrast, 28 CSF samples from nine children with varying numbers of CSF lymphoblasts had much greater proportions of CALLA- and la-positive CSF cells (24% to 96%). Leukemic meningitis was present in one of these patients and later developed in four others. However, three patients with small numbers of lymphoblasts present but with low proportions of CALLA-positive CSF cells (less than 5%) subsequently had normal CSF examinations. We found the use of this rosetting technique valuable in providing information complementary to that obtained from cell morphology alone about the possible malignant nature of small numbers of lymphoblast-like CSF cells seen on cytocentrifuge preparations in children with ALL.