The human myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen gene is one of at least two related interferon-inducible genes located on chromosome 1q that are expressed specifically in hematopoietic cells

We have previously shown that the human myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) is expressed at both the antigen and mRNA levels specifically in human monocytes and granulocytes and earlier stage cells in the myeloid lineage. A 200 amino acid region of the MNDA is strikingly similar to a region in the proteins encoded by a family of interferon-inducible mouse genes, designated Ifi-201, Ifi- 202, Ifi-203, etc, that are not regulated in a cell- or tissue-specific fashion. However, a new member of the Ifi-200 gene family, D3, is induced in mouse mononuclear phagocytes but not in fibroblasts by interferon. The same 200 amino acid region, duplicated in the mouse Ifi- 200 gene family, is also repeated in the recently characterized human IFI 16 gene that is constitutively expressed specifically in lymphoid cells and is induced in myeloid cells by interferon gamma. The 1.8-kb MNDA mRNA, which contains an interferon-stimulated response element in the 5' untranslated region, was significantly upregulated in human monocytes exposed to interferon alpha. Characterization of the MNDA gene showed that it is a single-copy gene and localized to human chromosome 1q 21-22 within the large linkage group conserved between mouse and human that contains the Ifi-200 gene family. The IFI 16 gene is also located on human chromosome 1q. Our observations are consistent with the proposal that the MNDA is a member of a cluster of related human interferon-regulated genes, similar to the mouse Ifi-200 gene family. In addition, one mouse gene in the Ifi-200 gene family and the human MNDA and IFI 16 genes show expression and/or regulation restricted to cells of the hematopoietic system, suggesting that these genes participate in blood cell-specific responses to interferons.     

小肝癌的超声回声特性与病理组织学的对比分析

目的：探讨小肝癌的回声特性与病理改变及组织学分型的关系。方法：对超声检出的65例小肝癌（≤3.0cm)的回声特性与其术后病理组织学改变和病理分型进行对比分析。结果：超声检出的小肝癌以低回声型最多见，高回声型次之，随着癌结节的增大，低回声型递减，高回声型渐增；脂肪变性或假腺样改变在高回声型中的比率较大，但是同样的病理改变也可以出现在低回声在低回声型中，在小肝癌的组织分型中，含有腔隙结构（血窦或腺管样扩张）的管外型和假腺型可见于强弱不同的回声型中，不含和很少含有血窦的硬化型和紧密型，则集中于低回声型中，瘤内血管增生则以等回声型最多见。结论：小肝癌回声强弱主要与病理改变中的脂肪变性或假腺样改变和组织构型中的腔隙样结构是否存在及其大小有关。瘤内血管增生可能是等回声小肝癌的病理基础。     

三氧化二砷对慢性髓系白血病细胞周期及Survivin表达的影响

目的研究三氧化二砷(As2O3)对慢性髓系白血病细胞(K562)的作用特点及其机制。方法不同浓度As2O3作用于K562细胞后，四唑盐(MTT)比色法分析细胞增殖；流式细胞术检测细胞周期分布、细胞凋亡及Survivin抗原表达；RT-PCR检测Survivin mRNA的表达。结果2—10μmoL／L的As2O3能有效抑制K562细胞增殖，但未能诱导明显的细胞凋亡。周期分析显示，G2／M期细胞比例显著增多；同时G2／M细胞周期依赖性表达的Survivin mRNA和蛋白表达增加。结论As2O3明显抑制K562细胞的生长，其机制是诱导G2／M期细胞周期停滞。Survivin表达上调可能是K562细胞对As2O3诱导凋亡抵抗的机制之一。     

The effect of tubular penetration of root canal sealers on dye microleakage

An in vitro study of a possible correlation between penetration of dentinal tubules by four root canal sealers and microleakage of external fluids into the canal was done using a dye leakage method and scanning electron microscopy. The root canals of 45 teeth were instrumented and the smear layer removed prior to obturation of root canals with gutta-percha and one of four sealers: Diaket, Endomethasone, CRCS or Ketac-Endo. The extent of leakage was scored after immersion in India ink for 72 h. The same specimens were also used for scanning electron microscopic evaluation. There was a statistical difference in leakage patterns between the groups ( P <0.05). Diaket had lower microleakage scores than the other sealers ( P <0.05). When the scores for penetration of sealers into the tubules were analysed, Ketac-Endo demonstrated the least penetration ( P <0.01). There appeared to be a converse relation between tubular penetration and dye leakage, but the correlation was not statistically significant ( P <0.05).     

The specialist nursing workforce caring for men with prostate cancer in the UK

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK accounting for 25% of all new cases of cancer. It is predicted to become the most common cancer overall by 2030. A national survey of the specialist nursing workforce caring for men with prostate cancer was completed across the four countries of the UK during June and July 2014. In total 302 specialist nurses completed the survey and data from 285 was used in the analysis. This is the biggest whole population survey of this workforce in recent years. The most common job title was clinical nurse specialist (185) and the most common band was agenda for change band 7 (174). However in Scotland 50% of the respondents stated that they were paid on band 6. Over half the group (158) had worked in prostate cancer care for more than 10 years. Few (48) had come into specialist posts from a specific specialist nurse development role. There is wide geographic variation in the provision of specialist nursing for men with prostate cancer. This is reflected in available hours and caseload sizes. The respondents reported frozen and vacant posts across the UK. This equated to 58·3 full time equivalents. The work of specialist nurses caring for men with prostate cancer is clinically complex and appears to cover most key times in the cancer journey. However workload appears to be limiting the care that the nurses are able to provide with over half the respondents (163) saying that they left work undone for patients.     

高龄老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者雷帕霉素洗脱支架置入术后5年随访研究

目的探讨糖尿病与非糖尿病高龄老年冠心病冠状动脉置入雷帕霉素洗脱支架（SES）远期疗效的差异。方法纳入2004年1月～2007年12月高龄老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者64例作为糖尿病组,纳入同期不合并糖尿病的高龄老年冠心病患者60例作为对照组,所有患者均行PCI术置入SES支架。随访5年,比较两组的治疗效果和主要心脑血管不良事件（MACCE,包括非心源性死亡、心源性死亡、卒中、心绞痛复发、非致死性心肌梗死和再次血运重建）发生率。结果两组5年随访率均为100%,糖尿病组MACCE发生率（57.8%,37/64）高于对照组（30.0%,18/60）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,糖尿病组非心源性死亡率及再次血运重建的发生率更高（分别为：7.80% vs.1.67%,15.6% vs.8.33%,P均＜0.05）。两组心源性死亡发生率、心绞痛复发率、非致死性心肌梗死、卒中的发生率均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。结论高龄老年冠心病患者合并糖尿病不增加PCI术后心源性死亡率,但会增加再次血运重建的发生率。     

Identification and characterization of a high-affinity granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor on primary rat oligodendrocytes

We previously showed the presence of receptors for granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on tumor tissues and tumor cell lines that are derived from the neural crest. To determine whether normal neural cells express functional GM-CSF receptors, we isolated and analyzed primary rat brain cells, including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Scatchard analysis of equilibrium binding of 125I-GM-CSF to primary rat oligodendrocytes showed an average of 1,110 GM-CSF binding sites per cell, with a kd of 20 pmol/L. In six separate experiments, no specific binding was detectable on the astrocyte population. Microglia were used in competitive binding experiments with oligodendrocytes, and addition of microglia did not increase the specific binding of labeled ligand to oligodendrocytes. In dose-response assays, we measured 3H-thymidine uptake in rat oligodendrocytes, microglia and control murine 32D cells stimulated with various concentrations of GM-CSF. Over concentration ranges of 0.025 to 1000 pmol/L, cell proliferation and peak 3H-thymidine incorporation was observed at approximately 30 pmol/L for both the control cells and the oligodendrocytes. However, the microglial cells did not proliferate in response to GM-CSF. These data indicate the presence of a functional receptor for GM-CSF on primary rat oligodendrocytes, and suggest that hematopoietic growth factors such as GM-CSF may play a role in nerve cell development, function, or response to injury.     

Adriamycin and daunomycin generate reactive oxygen compounds in erythrocytes

Adriamycin and daunomycin produce dose-related cardiac toxicity that may be related to oxygen radicals. Addition of these compounds to human erythrocyte suspensions resulted in stimulation of hexose monophosphate shunt activity that was markedly impaired in the absence of oxyhemoglobin. Evidence for generation of hydrogen peroxide by these compounds was provided by oxidation of reduced glutathione, by 14C- formate oxidation, and by the catalase-aminotriazole trapping technique. These experiments indicate that Adriamycin and daunomycin interact with oxyhemoglobin to generate reactive oxygen metabolites. A similar interaction with oxymyoglobin may occur in the heart and produce oxygen radicals that injure cardiac myocytes.     

Coexistence of diffuse plane normolipaemic xanthoma and amyloidosis in a patient with monoclonal gammopathy

Diffuse plane normolipaemic xanthomatosis (DPNX) is a well-defined clinicopathological entity that characteristically presents with yellow–orange plaques in the periorbital areas, the neck, the upper trunk and the flexural folds. DPNX has been reported in association with lymphoproliferative disorders and, occasionally, with miscellaneous, probably coincidental disorders. A case of DPNX in a patient with an IgGλ monoclonal gammopathy and systemic amyloidosis is reported. Clinical and histopathological findings revealed typical features of DPNX and amyloidosis coexisting in the cutaneous lesions. To our knowledge this is the first reported case showing coexistence of xanthoma and amyloidosis in cutaneous lesions in a patient with a monoclonal gammopathy.