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排序方式: 共有737条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
731.
James RH Scurr Julian R Brigstocke David A Shields John H Scurr 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2010,92(4):286-291
INTRODUCTION
The causes and outcomes of medicolegal claims following laparoscopic cholecystectomy were evaluated.SUBJECTS AND METHODS
A retrospective analysis of the experience of a consultant surgeon acting as an expert witness within the UK and Ireland (1990–2007).RESULTS
A total of 151 claims were referred for an opinion. Sixty-three related to bile duct injuries and four followed major vascular injury. Bowel injury resulted in 17 claims. A postoperative biliary leak not associated with a bile duct injury was responsible for 25 claims. Other reasons for claims included spilled gallstones, port-site herniae, haemorrhage and other recognised complications associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Twelve of the claims are on-going, two went to trial, 79 (52%) were settled out of court and 58 (38%) were discontinued after the claimants were advised that they were unlikely to win their case. Disclosed settlement amounts are reported.CONCLUSIONS
Bile duct and major vascular injuries are almost indefensible. The delay in diagnosis and (mis)management of other recognised complications following laparoscopic cholecystectomy have also led to a significant number of successful medicolegal claims. 相似文献732.
Hunt RH Xiao SD Megraud F Leon-Barua R Bazzoli F van der Merwe S Vaz Coelho LG Fock M Fedail S Cohen H Malfertheiner P Vakil N Hamid S Goh KL Wong BCY Krabshuis J Le Mair A 杜颖 戴宁 《胃肠病学》2011,16(7):423-428
世界上有一半人口感染幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori),其感染率因地理位置、种族、年龄和社会经济状况不同而存在很大差异.在发展中国家较高.发达国家较低。但总体而言,近年世界许多地区的H.pylori感染率均呈下降趋势。 相似文献
733.
CRM Lammens EMA Bleiker S Verhoef FJ Hes MGEM Ausems D Majoor‐Krakauer RH Sijmons RB Van Der Luijt AMW Van Den Ouweland Tam Van Os N Hoogerbrugge EB Gómez García CJ Dommering CM Gundy NK Aaronson 《Clinical genetics》2010,77(5):483-491
Lammens CRM, Bleiker EMA, Verhoef S, Hes FJ, Ausems MGEM, Majoor‐Krakauer D, Sijmons RH, Luijt van der RB, Ouweland van den AMW, Van Os Tam, Hoogerbrugge N, Gomez‐Garcia EB, Dommering CJ, Gundy CM, Aaronson NK. Psychosocial impact of von Hippel–Lindau disease: levels and sources of distress. Von Hippel–Lindau disease (VHL) is a hereditary tumor susceptibility syndrome, characterized by an increased risk of developing multiple benign and malignant tumors at various sites and ages with limited preventive options. This study evaluates the prevalence of distress among VHL family members and factors associated significantly with such distress. Forty‐eight families with a VHL mutation were identified via the nine family cancer clinics in the Netherlands. In total, 171 family members (carriers, 50% at‐risk, non‐carriers) were approached, of whom 123 (72%) completed a self‐report questionnaire. Approximately 40% of the VHL family members reported clinically relevant levels of distress, approaching 50% among the carriers and, possibly even more striking, 36% among the non‐carriers. Having lost a first degree relative due to VHL during adolescence (OR 11.2; 95% CI 1.4–86.9) was related significantly to heightened levels of distress. Approximately, only one‐third of those who reported heightened levels of distress had received professional psychosocial support. A substantial percentage of family members experience clinically relevant levels of distress. We would recommend the introduction of a procedure for screening for distress in this vulnerable population. Special attention should be paid to those individuals who have lost a close relative due to VHL during adolescence. 相似文献
734.
735.
Tzamaloukas AH Konstantinov KN Agaba EI Raj DS Murata GH Glew RH 《International urology and nephrology》2008,40(1):153-163
The field of ethics in medical research has seen important developments in the last three decades, but it also faces great
challenges in the new century. The purposes of this report are to examine the current status of ethics of medical research
involving human subjects and the nature of the ethical challenges facing this research, to identify the weakness of the current
system of safeguards for ethical research, and to stress the importance of the ethical character of the researcher, which
is the safeguard that has the greatest potential for protecting the research subjects. Researchers appreciate the risks of
human medical research that create ethical dilemmas and the need for an ethical compromise in order to proceed with the research.
The main elements of the compromise, formulated primarily from experiences in the Second World War, include: (1) the dominant
position of the ethical principle of autonomy; (2) the demand for a signed informed consent; (3) the likelihood of improving
health with the research protocol, which must be approved by a duly appointed supervising committee; and (4) an acceptable
risk/benefit ratio. The main weakness of this set of safeguards is the difficulty with obtaining a truly informed consent.
The new challenges to ethical medical research stem from certain types of research, such as genetic and stem cell research,
and from the increasing involvement of the industry in planning and funding the research studies. Developing medical researchers
with an ethical character and knowledge about ethics in medicine may be the most effective safeguard in protecting participants
of medical research experiments. 相似文献
736.
Deep white matter infarction: correlation of MR imaging and histopathologic findings 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Focal and confluent areas of periventricular hyperintensity have been reported on magnetic resonance (MR) images in 30% of patients over 60 years of age. In order to better understand the pathologic basis of these lesions, the authors studied 14 formalin-fixed brains with MR imaging. Multiple focal areas of hyperintensity were identified in the periventricular white matter in three of the 14 brains studied (21%). Subsequent gross and microscopic pathologic examination of both hyperintense and normal-intensity areas was performed on 87 tissue sections. The larger lesions were characterized centrally by necrosis, axonal loss, and demyelination and therefore represent true infarcts. Reactive astrocytes oriented along the degenerated axons were identified at distances of up to several centimeters from the central infarct. This is called isomorphic gliosis and is associated with increased intensity on T2-weighted images that increases the apparent size of the central lesion. 相似文献
737.
Franco Vaccarino Zandra Vaccarino Duncan Armstrong Edward Borkin Alexandra Hewitt Andrew Oswin Caroline Quick Erin Smith Averill Glew 《Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities》2023,36(2):300-309