联苯双脂滴丸制备工艺的研究

目的　对滴丸剂型的制备工艺进行研究。方法与结果　通过对联苯双脂滴丸制备过程的试验 ,确定了联苯双脂滴丸的重量、处方组成与制备工艺 ,讨论了影响滴丸成形、丸的圆整度和丸重差异的因素。结论　该制备工艺适用于滴丸剂型的工业化生产。     

紫外分光光度法测定吉非罗齐含量

目的建立用紫外分光光度法到定吉非罗齐的含量；方法以乙醇为溶剂，采用分光光度法，在276nm到定吉非罗齐含量；结果 吉非罗齐在0—219．2μg／m1范围内，其吸收度呈良好的线性，R＝0．9999，平均回收率100．1％，RSD为0．36％。结论 本法简便快速，结果与药典法基本一致。     

钴辐照对板蓝根抗内毒素作用的影响

目的：研究Co辐射灭菌法对板蓝根抗内毒素作用的影响。方法：本文用3个剂量的Co射线辐照板蓝根药材，并用鲎试剂法与家兔法测定辐照前后板蓝根内毒素作用的变化，结果表明Co辐照对板蓝根抗内毒素作用的影响与辐照剂量有关，10Kgy及以下剂量的辐照不会造成明显影响.     

青霉素过滤工艺改进

目的：为了进一步解决青霉素生产过过程中的过滤问题和进一步扩大产量，克服原设备的缺陷。方法：我们采用了目前国内制药企业广泛使用的鼓式过滤机过滤技术及利用热交换器进行热量交换以达到生产工艺的要求同时改进相应工艺。结果：达到降低生产成本、扩大生产产量、加快生产速度，提高生产产率的结果。结论：通过实际生产证明完全符合实际生产的需要。本文就目前青霉素过滤过程中的几个关键环节作简要讨论。     

HPLC法测定苦参素注射液中氧化苦参碱的含量

目的：建立HPLC法测定苦参素注射液中氧化苦参碱的含量。方法：采用C8柱为固定相；乙腈：1％H3PO4(9：220)为流动相；检测波长220nm；柱温为室温。结果：线性范围0．0162～0.1293mg／ml。R=0．9990。此方法分离效果好，操作简便，快捷，重现性好，可作为质控方法。     

Microcystin production by Radiocystis fernandoi (Chroococcales, Cyanobacteria) isolated from a drinking water reservoir in the city of Belém, PA, Brazilian Amazonia region.

During the monitoring of toxic cyanobacteria in the Utinga Reservoir, which is the main drinking water supply for the city of Belém, PA, Brazil, a Radiocystis fernandoi strain (SPC714) was isolated. This non-axenic strain was submitted to a toxicity bioassay with mice and microcystin production analyzed by HPLC-DAD. The species was identified based on cultured and natural preserved material. Morphometric, developmental and reproductive characteristics were analyzed. The strain was cultured in liquid ASM-1 medium, at 25+/-1 degrees C, at an incident irradiance of 20 micromol photon m(-2)s(-1) and constant aeration. At the end of the exponential growth phase, cells were lyophilized and submitted to toxicity tests. The strain showed high toxicity to mice, by intraperitoneal route, with an approximate LD100 of 60 mg kg(-1) of body weight, producing characteristic symptoms of hepatotoxicity. Analyses performed by HPLC-DAD confirmed the production of microcystins, in a concentration of 3.83 microg mg(-1) of lyophilized cells. This is the first reference related to the toxicity of the genus Radiocystis.     

Analysis of the p21 gene in gliomas

The p21 gene encodes a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor protein (p21) which has a tumor suppressive activity in a variety of tumor cell lines. Since, the p21 gene is up-regulated by the p53 tumor suppressor gene, which is frequently mutated in gliomas, acting therefore in the same control pathway, it constitutes a good candidate gene to be also inactivated in these tumors. To test this hypothesis, DNAs from 81 gliomas (48 glioblastomas, 11 anaplastic astrocytomas, 10 low-grade astrocytomas, 12 oligodendrogliomas and mixed gliomas), were investigated for mutations in the p21 coding sequence by denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis followed by sequencing. All these tumors have been previously screened for p53 mutations. Three different DNA variants were identified on codon 31 (17 cases), 27 (1 case) and 117 (1 case) and shown to be also present in matching constitutional DNA, suggesting they were polymorphisms. None of the tumors demonstrated a somatic mutation. No significant correlation between the presence of a p21 variant and the p53 mutation tumor status was observed. In conclusion, mutation in the p21 gene unlikely contributes to the development of gliomas.     

Risk Factors for Male Breast Cancer (United States)

Objectives: The etiology of male breast cancer is obscure, although an excess risk has been associated with Klinefelter syndrome, testicular disorders, benign breast disease including gynecomastia, use of exogenous estrogens, radiation, and a family history of male or female breast cancer. We conducted a case-control study to investigate risk factors further for breast cancer in men.Methods: Based on data from the 1986 National (United States) Mortality Followback Survey (NMFS) of almost 20,000 deceased adults (age 25 years or over), we compared information obtained from next-of-kin interviews of 178 men who died of breast cancer with that of 512 male controls who died of other causes. Information was obtained on selected demographic and other factors, including diet, exercise, occupation, height and weight, and use of tobacco and alcohol.Results: Increased risks were found for men who were described by their next-of-kin as very overweight (odds ratio [OR] = 2.3, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-5.0). The risks associated with the three upper quartiles of body mass index (BMI) (wt/ht²) were 1.3, 1.6, and 2.3, respectively, with a significant dose-response relationship (P < 0.01). An excess risk was also associated with limited exercise (OR = 1.3, CI = 0.8-2.0). Consumption of red meat was associated with an increased risk, and consumption of fruits and vegetables with a decreased risk, although the trends were not significant. No association was found for tobacco or alcohol use, but an excess risk was associated with higher levels of socioeconomic status (SES) (OR = 1.8, CI = 1.1-3.0).Conclusions: Our study suggests that obesity increases the risk of male breast cancer, possibly through hormonal mechanisms, while dietary factors, physical activity, and SES indicators also deserve further investigation. Cancer Causes andd Control 1998, 269-275     

口服葡萄糖酸钙提质生产注射葡萄糖酸钙的探讨

目的：生产注射葡萄糖酸钙。方法：以口服葡萄酸钙为原料，通过提高其澄明度和降低其杂质含量使其达到注射葡萄糖酸钙的质量要求。结论：本工艺方法具有投入设备少、副反应少、产品质量好等特点。