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71.
Gerlinde Grasser Sylvia Titze Willibald J. Stronegger 《Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften》2016,24(6):469-476
Aim
While the association between walkability and walking for transport has been well established, less is known about the association between walkability and neighbourhood satisfaction. This study aims to examine the direction and strength of the association between objective measures of residential walkability and neighbourhood satisfaction, as well as the differences by sex.Subjects and methods
Using a cross-sectional study design, outcome data were derived from the representative cross-sectional survey (n?=?843) ‘Bicycle-friendly City’ of adults in the city of Graz (Austria). Walkability was measured as gross population density, household unit density, entropy index, proportion of mixed land use, three-way intersection density, four-way intersection density and walkability indices. The outcomes were measured as general neighbourhood satisfaction and neighbourhood satisfaction with the general socio-environmental quality, social cohesion and local infrastructure. Logistic regression analyses were conducted, including age, socio-economic status and place of residence.Results
Walkability was negatively associated with general neighbourhood satisfaction, neighbourhood satisfaction with general socio-environmental quality and social cohesion. It was positively associated with neighbourhood satisfaction with local infrastructure. Connectivity and the entropy index showed the weakest or no association with the outcomes. The strongest association was between walkability and neighbourhood satisfaction with socio-environmental quality. There were no differences by sex.Conclusion
These results contribute to the current limited understanding of the association between walkability and neighbourhood satisfaction, especially in a European context. More comparable, longitudinal research would be helpful to determine what impact walkability has on neighbourhood satisfaction and to identify the important mediating factors.72.
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74.
Ravi Walli Gerlinde M. Michl Dieter Mühlbayer Lars Brinkmann Frank D. Goebel 《Zeitschrift für die gesamte experimentelle Medizin einschliesslich experimenteller Chirurgie》1999,199(5):253-262
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is frequently associated with metabolic alterations, including insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. In this pilot study, we evaluated the effect of the PPARγ activator troglitazone on ART-associated insulin resistance in HIV-infected patients with ART-associated diabetes mellitus. Six patients with protease inhibitor (PI)-associated diabetes mellitus, lipodystrophy and dyslipidemia were treated with troglitazone 400 mg q.d. for 3 months. Previous oral antidiabetics were discontinued prior to the study. At baseline and after 3 months, insulin sensitivity (intravenous insulin tolerance test), body composition (multifrequence bioelectrical impedance analysis) and fat distribution (CT scan quantification) were assessed. Glycaemic control (fasting and postprandial blood glucose, fructos-amine, glycosylated haemoglobin) and serum lipid status were determined monthly. In four of the six patients, there was a clear improvement in insulin sensitivity, resulting in a reversal of insulin resistance in two of these patients. Overall, there was an increase in lean body mass and a decrease in total body fat. The volume of visceral adipose tissue decreased whilst the volume of subcutaneous adipose tissue increased. Total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol increased, and total triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol decreased. No adverse effects such as hepatotoxicity were observed. Treatment with troglitazone 400 mg q.d. can ameliorate and in some cases even reverse ART-associated insulin resistance. Therefore, further studies including non-diabetic patients with ART-associated insulin resistance may be helpful in evaluating the long-term effects of thiazolidinediones on ART-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic complications, such as adipose maldistribution and dyslipidaemia. 相似文献
75.
Deshka S. Foster Michael Januszyk Kathryn E. Yost Malini S. Chinta Gunsagar S. Gulati Alan T. Nguyen Austin R. Burcham Ankit Salhotra R. Chase Ransom Dominic Henn Kellen Chen Shamik Mascharak Karen Tolentino Ashley L. Titan R. Ellen Jones Oscar da Silva W. Tripp Leavitt Clement D. Marshall Heather E. des Jardins-Park Michael S. Hu Derrick C. Wan Gerlinde Wernig Dhananjay Wagh John Coller Jeffrey A. Norton Geoffrey C. Gurtner Aaron M. Newman Howard Y. Chang Michael T. Longaker 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2021,118(41)
76.
Christian Geretsegger Waltraud Bitterlich Renate Stelzig Christoph Stuppaeck Brigitta Bondy Wolfgang Aichhorn 《European neuropsychopharmacology》2008,18(2):141-146
Pindolol, a 5-HT1A autoreceptor antagonist, given in combination with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may enhance and/or accelerate the therapeutic efficacy of SSRIs. Fifty patients, meeting ICD-10 criteria for major depressive disorder or bipolar depression, were enrolled in our randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. One group received paroxetine plus pindolol (2.5 mg t.i.d.), and the other group received paroxetine plus placebo. The proportion of patients with sustained response (>or=50% reduction of baseline HAM-D 17 score maintained until the endpoint; p=0.252) and the proportion of patients with remission (HAM-D 17 相似文献
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79.
Klein A Gidyk DC Shriner AM Colwell KL Tatton NA Tatton WG Metz GA 《Behavioural brain research》2011,222(1):221-42
The organic pesticide rotenone is a neurotoxin suspected to cause Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms by selectively targeting and compromising the survival of dopaminergic neurons. Rotenone in rodent models reproduces key features of human PD by impairing the mitochondrial electron transport chain, leading to intracellular alpha-synuclein aggregates and functional impairments typical for PD. The present study characterized the dose-response relationship of standard rotenone concentrations in motor impairments in a rat model. Rats received a single medial forebrain bundle injection of 4, 8, or 12 μg of rotenone. Animals were assessed in skilled limb use, skilled and non-skilled walking and exploratory activity as well as drug-induced rotation. The results revealed rotational bias and stable impairments in skilled walking and gross motor function up to five weeks post injection. However, transient motor deficits facilitated rapid improvement of skilled reaching success. Mainly the temporal aspects of skilled and non-skilled motor performance were responsive to different rotenone concentrations. By contrast, drug-induced rotation and nigral TH+ cell loss were not influenced by different rotenone doses. Rats infused with 8 μg and 12 μg seemed to have reached a ceiling effect in motor deficits as they were not distinguishable in behavioral measures. Most strikingly, the stereological and morphological analyses revealed non-specific toxicity of vehicle and rotenone infusions that caused macroscopic lesions beyond nigral boundaries. These findings suggest that sensitivity of comprehensive motor tests to subtle modulation of dopamine function is independent of dopamine cell loss per se. Furthermore, caution is advised concerning non-specific toxicity of rotenone and vehicle substances in experimental animal models. 相似文献
80.
Markus?C.?Fleisch Rainer?Kimmig Werner?Lichtenegger Christian?Kurzeder Michael?Friedrich Ingo?Runnebaum Michael?Mueller Gerlinde?Egerer Ingolf?Juhasz-B?ss Matthias?W.?Beckmann Arbeitsgruppe Operative Therapie der S-Leitlinienkommission 《Der Gyn?kologe》2018,51(12):1024-1031
In April 2018, a new German S3 guideline supported by the Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie (Guideline Program—Oncology) on diagnosis, treatment, and aftercare of endometrial cancer was published. Based on current systematic literature reviews, consensus recommendations were established by an interdisciplinary multiprofessional group. Compared to prior versions of this guideline, adaptions have been made regarding routine radical hysterectomy for stage 2 cancer, the differential indications for systematic pelvic and periaortic lymph node dissection as well as mode of peritoneal access. Further aspects are the use of sentinel lymph node dissection and the surgical approach for advanced stages and carcinosarcomas. 相似文献