香菇多糖的免疫调节作用

研究香菇多糖(LTN)的免疫调节作用。结果表明,LTN1及5mg·kg^-1·d^-1×6,ip可促进正常小鼠由ConA(2.5mg·kg^-1)刺激的脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖反应。1,5及10mg·kg^-1·d^-1×8或5,ip能分别纠正由环磷酰胺(Cy,200mg·kg^-1和80mg·kg^-1,ip)诱导的免疫亢进或低下状态。此外,LTN(1,5和10mg·kg^-1·d^-1×6,ip),促使小鼠胸腺L3T4+(Th)和Lyt2+(Ts)细胞数减少,外周脾脏L3T4+和Lyt2+细胞数增加,腹腔巨噬细胞释出肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)也明显增加。这些作用均以LTN5mg·kg^-1·d^-1作用最佳。提示LTN可能通过影响T细胞及其亚型,促进TNF活性调节机体的免疫功能。     

Familial Cushing's disease with severe weight loss occurring in late childhood

We describe a rare case of familial Cushing's disease occurring in a 7-year-old boy, and 19 years of follow up. Our patient first presented soon after his maternal aunt had been treated for Cushing's disease. The clinical presentation was made complicated by the development of an intercurrent eating disorder resembling anorexia nervosa. This resulted in marked weight loss, and even though serum and urinary cortisol levels were elevated, many of the clinical stigmata of Cushing's disease were absent. Eating disorders are relatively uncommon in boys, and in this case there was an organic cause for the abnormal behaviour. This case shows, furthermore, that even the obesity of Cushing's disease can be overcome by the combination of diet and exercise.     

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in females with viriiized genitalia: The problem of delayed diagnosis

Abstract Six girls with the non-salt-losing form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia are described. Diagnosis was delayed in five, the range of ages of diagnosis being 19 months-7 years. In the sixth, despite early diagnosis and medical treatment, surgery was delayed electively until she was 3 years old. The five in whom diagnosis was delayed were all viriiized with a markedly advanced bone age and reduced adult height prognosis. Diagnosis was delayed for a variety of reasons: misinterpretation of laboratory data (one), lack of availability of medical assistance (one), language problems (one), maternal inexperience (one), and failure of the doctor to recognize an obvious clinical abnormality (one).
All six children came from immigrant families, and all except one was born in a major centre. None was born before 1979.     

Ascorbate-2-phosphate in red cell preservation. Clinical trials and active components

A red cell additive solution (AS-005) containing ascorbate-2-phosphate (AsP) to maintain 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, plus adenine, phosphate, and mannitol to retain viability and reduce hemolysis, was evaluated by human clinical trials. A crossover design was used with another additive solution (Nutricel AS-3, Cutter Laboratories) serving as the control for each donor. Each additive solution was evaluated at 35 and 42 days of storage. There was no significant difference between the red cell viability of the two storage solutions at either time period. Split-bag, AS-005 in vitro studies at two temperatures (2.5 and 5.5 degrees C), both within the range of 1 to 6 degrees C approved by the American Association of Blood Banks and the Food and Drug Administration, resulted in dramatically different in vitro parameters, including a threefold difference in 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), a fivefold difference in glucose, and significant differences in pH and adenosine triphosphate. High-pressure liquid chromatography data confirmed the preliminary report that 1 to 2 percent (wt/wt) oxalate was present in preparations of AsP. In vitro storage data confirmed that oxalate is the active component of AsP that preserves 2,3-DPG during storage.     

小藤铃儿草的生物碱成分

自小藤铃儿草Dactylicapnos torulosa(Hook.f ct Thomas.)Hutchins中分得六个单体,通过UV,IR,MS,~1HNMR和~(13)CNMR解析,鉴定了四个,其中一个为新化合物,命名为紫金龙碱(zijinlongine,Ⅰ),其他三个为已知化合物:氯化1-甲氧基小檗碱(1-methoxylberberium chloride,Ⅱ),氯化三乙基苯胺(triethylphcnylamium chloride,Ⅲ)和异紫堇定(isocorydine,Ⅳ)。Ⅱ和Ⅲ系首次从植物中得到。     

A family showing inheritance of the Inab phenotype

An 86-year-old white American woman was found to have a very rare red cell phenotype, the Inab phenotype. Her cells were Cr(a-), Tc(a-b-c-), Dr(a-), Es(a-), WES(a-b-), and IFC-. Unlike the two other Inab phenotype patients, she has no history of protein-losing enteropathy or any similar intestinal disorder. One of her four siblings also has the Inab phenotype, providing the first evidence that this phenotype may be inherited. Serum inhibitions showed that anit-Cra, -TCa, -Dra, -WESb, and -IFC are partially inhibited by sera from three siblings with the common red cell phenotype but not by serum from the Inab phenotype sibling. The serum of the proposita contained an antibody to a high-frequency antigen that showed characteristics of being a Cromer-related antibody.     

Hemimegalencephaly: MR imaging in five children

Hemimegalencephaly is a rare brain malformation characterized by cerebral asymmetry and cortical dysplasia. Infants with the condition present with early seizures and severe encephalopathy. Five patients were studied with computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MR imaging was the most efficient diagnostic method for this rare entity. It demonstrated brain hemispheric hypertrophy with lateral ventricle dilatation, abnormal gyral pattern, and a thick cortex on the enlarged side. The images correlate well with the known pathologic data.     

Renal duplication artifact in US imaging

To determine the appearance of artifactual renal duplication in ultrasound (US) imaging, the authors analyzed 22 examples of such duplication in 20 patients. The artifact appeared as a duplication of the collecting system in 18, as a suprarenal mass in three, and as upper-pole cortical thickening in one. It occurred in the left kidney in 15 patients, in the right kidney in three, and bilaterally in two. To determine the frequency of the artifact, 50 additional patients were scanned. It was identified in eight of these patients. Imaging characteristics and the results of in vitro modeling proved the artifact was due to sound beam refraction between the lower pole of the spleen or liver and adjacent fat. This artifact is much more common in the left kidney and occurs more frequently in obese patients. Knowledge of the appearance and cause of this artifact should help radiologists avoid diagnostic errors.