差示分光光度法测定制剂中硝苯啶的含量

利用硝苯啶溶液对光不稳定的性质,在波长350nm处测其光照前后的吸收度差值(△A),△A与硝苯啶乙醇溶液浓度在10～60μg/ml范围内呈线性关系。使用本法对硝苯啶片进行了含量测定,并对其类似物进行了干扰试验,排除了组分的干扰。该法的精密度日内为1.3%,日间为1.9%,平均回收率为99.96%。方法简便、快速,不需色谱等分离手段即可达到分析目的,专一性、重复性均较好,是分析硝苯啶制剂的一种新途径。     

马蓝的化学成分研究

Seven compounds have been isolated from the whole plant of Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) O. Ktze. Three of them are triterpenes (Ⅰ～Ⅲ), two are indole alkaloids (Ⅳ, Ⅴ), two are quinazolinone alkaloids (Ⅵ, Ⅶ). On the basis of spectral analysis and physicochemical properties, their structures were established as lupeol (Ⅰ), betulin (Ⅱ), lupenone (Ⅲ), indigo (Ⅳ), indirubin (Ⅴ), 4 (3H)-quinazolinone (Ⅵ), 2, 4 (1H, 3H)-quinazolinedione (Ⅶ). Ⅵ and Ⅶ were found from natural plant for the first time.The results of the pharmacological tests demonstrate that compound Ⅴ has anticancer activity and compound Ⅵ has hypotensive action. Compound Ⅶ can be quantitatively determined by HPLC, which may serve as a quality control standard for materia medica and its preparations. Compounds Ⅵ and Ⅶ have been confirmed by means of synthesis.     

Long term cutaneous complications related to bone conduction hearing implants. A retrospective study (2004–2018)

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to establish the frequency of cutaneous complications due to surgically implanted bone conduction hearing aids in recipients treated at a tertiary otolaryngology center. Additionally, based on the literature review, we propose a scale to standardize the report of cutaneous reactions related to transcutaneous systems to objectify future studies.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted for patients who were implanted with bone conduction hearing systems between 2004 and 2018. Patients with minimum follow up of 6 months were included. Patient demographics, surgical characteristics and clinical course was analyzed by number and skin reactions. Transcutaneous and percutaneous systems were analyzed separately. The study was approved by the local IRB.ResultsA total of 104 devices were implanted on 88 patients with an average follow up of 4.04 (range of 0.5 - 10 years). Out of the total of patients, 49 (55.7%) developed at least one episode of inflammatory/infectious skin reaction at surgical incision site. A total of 148 episodes of local infections during the entire follow-up period were registered, mostly mild in severity with no triggering factors identified. The majority of the initial episodes of infection occurred within the first 3 years of follow-up. Out of the total of patients, 47 (53.4%) reported pain at the surgical site at some point throughout follow-up, not associated with clinically evident infection.ConclusionThe incidence of skin complications in our series seemed higher compared to previous reports. Minor complications were the most common and responded well to topical treatment. No triggering factors were identified as the cause of the infections, nor to explain the frequency or the severity of such an adverse reaction. Isolated pain was present in the majority of patients with conductive hearing devices, even without signs of active infection. Due to its high incidence it should be assessed in all patients that receive an implant.Based on a search of the literature, a scale to standardize cutaneous complications of transcutaneous implants was undertaken, but further studies are needed to validate such a scale.     

Preschoolers’ mathematical play and colour preferences: a new window into the development of gendered beliefs about math

In play, children often explore mathematical ideas that are vital for future learning. Children’s play also reveals gender differences in both colour and toy preferences. The authors examined how gender-related colour preferences of 5-year-olds are related to preferences for math-specific games/toys and gendered beliefs about math. Spanish preschoolers (N?=?143) completed a self-report measure of gendered beliefs about math. Children then indicated their favourite colour and were given five math-specific games/toys in that colour. Play times for each game/toy were recorded. Three findings emerged. First, girls preferred games/toys of particular colours (pink/purple) that differed from boys’ preferences (blue/red). Second, play time with math games/toys did not differ between girls and boys. Third, 5-year-olds of both genders thought that girls liked math more than boys did. This is the youngest age at which these gendered beliefs about math have been shown, and suggests new theorizing about stereotypes, gender, and math.     

Correlation between static balance and functional autonomy in elderly women

The purpose of the present study was to verify the correlation between static balance and functional autonomy in elderly women. The sample was a random selection of 32 sedentary elderly women (mean age = 67.47 ± 7.37 years, body mass index = BMI = 27.30 ± 5.07 kg/m²), who live in the city of Teresina in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Static balance was analyzed by stabilometric assessment using an electronic baropodometer which measured the average of the amplitude of postural oscillations in the right (RLD) and left (LLD) lateral displacements, anterior (AD) and posterior (PD) displacements, and in the elliptical area (EA) formed by the body's center of gravity. Functional autonomy was evaluated by a battery of tests from the LADEG protocol which is composed of: a 10 m walk (10 mW), getting up from a seated position (GSP), getting up from the prone position (GPP), getting up from a chair and movement around the house (GCMH), and putting on and taking off a shirt (PTS). The Spearman's correlation coefficient (r) indicated a positive and significant correlation between GPP and LLD (r = 0.382; p = 0.031), GPP and PD (r = 0.398; p = 0.024) and GPP and EA (r = 0.368; p = 0.038). These results show that sedentary elderly women who spent the greatest amount of time performing the GPP test achieved the largest mean amplitude of displacement leading to greater levels of instability.