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Rhesus macaque dendritic cells efficiently transmit primate lentiviruses independently of DC-SIGN
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Wu L Bashirova AA Martin TD Villamide L Mehlhop E Chertov AO Unutmaz D Pope M Carrington M KewalRamani VN 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2002,99(3):1568-1573
Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of the rhesus macaque homolog for human DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell-specific C-type lectin. mac-DC-SIGN is 92% identical to hu-DC-SIGN. mac-DC-SIGN preserves the virus transmission function of hu-DC-SIGN, capturing and efficiently transducing simian and human immunodeficiency virus to target CD4(+) T cells. Surprisingly, however, mac-DC-SIGN plays no discernable role in the ability of rhesus macaque dendritic cells to capture and transmit primate lentiviruses. Expression and neutralization analyses suggest that this process is DC-SIGN independent in macaque, although the participation of other lectin molecules cannot be ruled out. The ability of primate lentiviruses to effectively use human and rhesus dendritic cells in virus transmission without the cells becoming directly infected suggests that these viruses have taken advantage of a conserved dendritic cell mechanism in which DC-SIGN family molecules are significant contributors but not the only participants. 相似文献
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Demet Tekdos Demircioglu Nurdan Paker Elif Erbil Derya Bugdayci Tuluhan Yunus Emre 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(8):2501-2506
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the addition of NMES to
the post-TKA rehabilitation protocol on the functional status and quality of life of the
patients. [Subjects and Methods] Patients were randomized into an exercise (control) and
electrical stimulation (NMES) group. A home exercise program was prescribed for the
control group. For the neuromuscular stimulation group 30 minute electrical stimulation
applied to the vastus medialis muscle 5 days a week for 4 to 6 weeks. VAS, the timed up
and go test, WOMAC and SF-36 scores were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at
the first month and the third month of the follow-up period. [Results] Both the NMES group
had 30 patients each, with 2 and 1 male patients respectively. The comparisons of WOMAC
results at month 1 revealed that pain, stiffness, and total scores of the NMES group was
significantly better than those of control group at the first and third months.
Significantly better physical function and SF-36 subscales, except mental health, were
found for the NMES group at the first month of follow-up. [Conclusion] The inclusion of
the neuromuscular electrical stimulation program after knee arthroplasty was more
effective at providing rapid improvements in knee pain, walking distance and quality of
life.Key words: Quadriceps muscle, Knee joint, Arthroplasty 相似文献
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Association of RAMP1 rs7590387 With the Risk of Migraine Transformation Into Medication Overuse Headache
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Aziz Homayouni Rad Haniyeh Rasouli Pirouzian Nevzat Konar Omer Said Toker Derya Genc Polat 《RSC advances》2019,9(51):29676
Sucrose-free milk chocolates containing different types of bulk (isomalt, xylitol and maltitol) and high intensity (Stevia) sweeteners were produced by using a ball mill. The main quality characteristics of the formulated chocolates were evaluated and compared with those of the conventional sample containing sucrose. The Casson model was the best fitting model for the rheological data. Casson viscosity and Casson yield stress were significantly affected by the type of bulking agent in chocolates formulated with xylitol (p < 0.05). However xylitol notably improved the overall acceptability according to the sensory analysis results. Chocolates containing the sucrose replacers demonstrated lower Tonset values and higher enthalpy than the control sample. Sucrose-free chocolates illustrated a higher degree of particle agglomeration. Bulk sweeteners meanwhile seem to have high potential for milk chocolate production with low calorie values by using the ball mill technique. Industrial applications: the production of sucrose-free chocolates with conventional methods requires a lot of time and energy. Recently, using alternative methods for chocolate production has been raising interest in many small industries. This study proposed a ball mill method for the preparation of sucrose-free milk chocolates with physiochemical properties almost ranging in the standard limit defined for chocolate. Although using the ball mill method presents a more cost-effective technique for chocolate production and provides shorter processing times for small chocolate industries, it seems to be less efficient in evaporating moisture than the conventional processing. Challenges are still ahead for upgrading this alternative technique to be efficient in evaporating more moisture during operation ending in a high quality product.Sucrose-free milk chocolates containing different types of bulk (isomalt, xylitol and maltitol) and high intensity (Stevia) sweeteners were produced by using a ball mill. 相似文献