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Marshall Alison L. Bauman Adrian E. Owen Neville Booth Michael L. Crawford David Marcus Bess H. 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2003,25(3):194-202
Background: Intervention trials with self-selected participants have shown that mailed stage-targeted print materials can increase participation
in physical activity in the short term. We examined the effects of a mailed stage-targeted print intervention designed to
promote physical activity, in a random sample of adults living in a regional city.Method: Participants (n = 462, 40–60 years of age) were randomly allocated to an intervention in - 227) or control group (n - 235).
Measures included validated 2-week physical activity recall and stage of motivational readiness for physical activity. The
intervention consisted of a single mailing of a letter and full-color stage-targeted booklets (specific to precontemplation,
contemplation, preparation, and action/maintenance) 1 week postbaseline. Follow-up interviews were conducted at 2 and 6 months
postbaseline.Results: After 2 months, participants in the intervention group were significantly More likely to meet the current American College
of Sports Medicine/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendation for sufficient physical activity than those in
the control group (adjusted odds ratio [OR] - 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.44–3.99). After 6 months, intervention
participants who reported receiving and reading the intervention materials were significantly more likely to be meeting the
sufficient physical activity criterion compared with the control group (adjusted OR = 2.03; 95% Cl = 1.16–3.56).Conclusions: The stage-targeted print intervention was effective in promoting short-term increases in physical activity and was most
effective for participants who recognized and used the materials. This low-cost, generalizable intervention has demonstrated
potential as a practical population-based physical activity promotion strategy. Further research is required before widespread
dissemination would be justified, as additional strategies may be required to ensure sustained change.
This project was supported by a National Heart Foundation of Australia Research Project Grant. David Crawford was supported
by a Nutrition Research fellowship from the National Heart Foundation. 相似文献
997.
Gregory P Crucian Anna M Barrett David W Burks Alonso R Riestra Heidi L Roth Ronald L Schwartz William J Triggs Dawn Bowers William Friedman Melvin Greer Kenneth M Heilman 《Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society》2003,9(7):1078-1087
Deficits in visual-spatial ability can be associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), and there are several possible reasons for these deficits. Dysfunction in frontal-striatal and/or frontal-parietal systems, associated with dopamine deficiency, might disrupt cognitive processes either supporting (e.g., working memory) or subserving visual-spatial computations. The goal of this study was to assess visual-spatial orientation ability in individuals with PD using the Mental Rotations Test (MRT), along with other measures of cognitive function. Non-demented men with PD were significantly less accurate on this test than matched control men. In contrast, women with PD performed similarly to matched control women, but both groups of women did not perform much better than chance. Further, mental rotation accuracy in men correlated with their executive skills involving mental processing and psychomotor speed. In women with PD, however, mental rotation accuracy correlated negatively with verbal memory, indicating that higher mental rotation performance was associated with lower ability in verbal memory. These results indicate that PD is associated with visual-spatial orientation deficits in men. Women with PD and control women both performed poorly on the MRT, possibly reflecting a floor effect. Although men and women with PD appear to engage different cognitive processes in this task, the reason for the sex difference remains to be elucidated. 相似文献
998.
Cryogenic burns are uncommon. We present two patients who presented to a Regional Burns Unit on consecutive days with almost identical burn injuries caused by exposure to a unique source of sub-zero temperature, the spray from an aerosol deodorant. The clinical features and management of the cases are outlined, and we discuss the mechanism of a cryogenic burn. 相似文献
999.
David M. Warshauer Richard C. Semelka Susan M. Ascher 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》1994,4(4):553-557
Small nodular lesions in the liver and spleen have been reported as an infrequent manifestation of sarcoidosis. Five patients with this appearance on either dynamic contrast material—enhanced computed tomographic (CT) or ultrasound scans underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with and without dynamic gadolinium enhancement. The lesions were relatively uniform in size, ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 cm. On CT scans, they were hypoattenuating relative to surrounding parenchyma. On MR images, the lesions were hypointense relative to background parenchyma with all sequences. No substantial enhancement was observed in the lesions, although lesion conspicuity decreased over time on serial postcontrast images. Lesion conspicuity was greatest on either T2-weighted fat-suppressed (T2FS) images or early-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced images. Abdominal adenopathy was seen in three of the five patients and was hyperintense relative to liver on T2FS images in two and intermediate in intensity in one patient. 相似文献