Die Bedeutung von Assessments in der Ausbildung diplomierter Rettungssanitäter

Learning and exams are closely interconnected. Test elements should accompany the learning process and not only serve to complete the training period. Examinations should be oriented toward the ideas learned and the forms of instruction used. However, the significance of examinations during the training period for emergency medical technicians is hardly ever addressed in the literature. All of the procedures that serve to evaluate the students’ performance are subsumed under the term “assessments.” This contribution presents the tasks of assessments and their requirements for occupational training of certified emergency medical technicians. It also offers a suggestion to develop a modern testing concept.     

鼻咽癌高危人群微核特征研究

目的 观察鼻咽癌高危人群的主要细胞遗传学特征。方法 常规培养外周血淋巴细胞，检测鼻咽癌高危人群、鼻咽癌患者、鼻咽炎患者及正常人的微核率。结果 鼻咽癌高危人群及鼻咽癌患者的微核率明显增加，且随病情进展而继续增高。结论 鼻咽癌高危人群存在比较明确的细胞遗传不稳定性。     

暴露前牙龈下残根进行桩冠修复

本文综述了暴露前牙龈下残根进行桩冠修复的两种方法,即牵引法与牙冠延长术,并对两者进行了比较、总结,在临床上有指导意义。     

Influence of Chemical Oxygen Demand Concentrations on Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation by Granular Sludge From EGSB Reactor

INTRODUCTION The phenomenon of anaerobic ammonium oxidation was originally discovered in a denitrifying fluidized-bed reactor treating effluent from a methanogenic reactor in the 1990s[1]. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process is a strictly anaerobic denitrification process, in which ANAMMOX autotrophic bacteria directly oxidize ammonium to dinitrogen gas using nitrite as electron acceptor. In recent years, the anammox process has received great attention and lots of researc…     

溃疡散预防消化性溃疡复发临床观察

目的 :观察溃疡散对消化性溃疡的抗复发治疗的临床效果。方法 :随机将 80例患者分成溃疡散治疗组 (4 2例 )和雷尼替丁对照组 (38例 )并同时观察两组患者治疗前后溃疡复发情况。结果 :治疗后治疗组溃疡复发率明显低于对照组 ,P <0 .0 1,两组对比有非常显著性差异。结论 :治疗组能明显的改善患者临床症状和降低消化性溃疡复发率。     

微波干燥法对腊叶标本压制的实验研究

目的：寻求一种不受气候条件影响而能成功制作腊叶标本的新技术。方法：采用微波干燥法，即用微波炉，由创制的直径31cm瓦楞纸板、吸水纸与玻璃皿组成的压制程序进行微波干燥。结果：微波干燥法可用于腊叶标本压制，且优于传统的常规腊叶标本压制方法。结论：本研究为腊叶标本的制作提供了一个新方法，收到了便捷、高效、且保色的理想效果。     

Expression of CⅡTA Gene in Five Human Malignant Hematological Cell Lines and Its Significance

The role of MHC class Ⅱ transactivator (CⅡTA) in constitutive or IFN-γ inducib|e expression of HLA molecules in human malignant hematological cell lines was investigated. The expression of HLA molecules and CⅡTA protein was detected by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The expression of CⅡTA gene was determined by RT-PCR. The capability of peripheral blood T cell reaction stimulated by tumor cells was monitored by mixed lymphocyte reaction. It was found that the HLA Ⅱ-positive tumor cells expressed the CⅡTA quite well, andthe expression of HLA Ⅰ＋Ⅱ was increased in the tumor cells with constitutive or inducible expression of CⅡTA after induced by IFN-γ. The tumor cells which did not express CⅡTA after in-duced by IFN-γ were not response to the expression of HLA Ⅱ promoted by IFN-γ. It suggests a correlation between the inability of some malignant hematological cell lines in response to IFN-γ for HLA expression and the deficiency in the inducible expression of CⅡTA, indicating CⅡTA might take part in the regu|ation of HLA Ⅰ＋Ⅱ expression in the tumor cells, which might p|ay an important role in tumor immunologic escape.     

三联药物治疗未破裂异位妊娠的临床研究

目的 :观察甲氨蝶呤(Methotrexate,MTX)、米非司酮(Mifepristron,Ru486)及中药三联用药治疗未破裂型异位妊娠的临床疗效。方法 :对171例未破裂型异位妊娠病人 ,按药物治疗方法不同分为两组进行对照研究 :A组使用MTX注射 +Ru486口服 +中药联合治疗。B组单独使用MTX注射治疗。测定法定期测定两组病人血HCG值以监测血HCG下降情况 ,测量异位妊娠包块三径线值以监测病灶包块缩小情况 ,同时观察临床症状持续时间、副反应发生率及总有效率。结果 :血HCG下降及病灶包块缩小A组较B组明显 ,差异有显著性(p<0 05,p<0 01);临床症状持续时间A组较B组短 ,差异有显著性(p<0 05);副反应发生率两组间无显著差异(p>0 05);A、B两组的总有效率分别为 :95 74%和71 43% ,A组较B组高 ,差异有显著性(p<0 05)。结论 :三联使用甲氨蝶呤、米非司酮及活血化瘀消包块杀胚的中药既有很强的杀胚功能 ,又能消除病灶包块 ,保留生育功能。三联药物联合治疗未破裂异位妊娠具有疗效肯定、安全     

阿拉瑞林与小剂量利维爱联合应用治疗子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症的研究

目的:探讨阿拉瑞林与小剂量利维爱(替勃龙)联合应用治疗子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症的疗效及其耐受性。方法:研究对象为1998年1月～2001年6月期间在我院诊治的40例子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症患者。实验组给以阿拉瑞林及利维爱,对照组单用阿拉瑞林。结果:用药后两组患者血清E2、P、FSH、LH水平及AEMAb、CA125阳性率均明显下降;症状体征明显改善;在治疗结束后6个月,实验组中55％、对照组中45％患者妊娠,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组未出现低雌激素症候群,而对照组中85％患者出现该症候群,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:阿拉瑞林与小剂量利维爱联合应用不仅疗效好,而且副作用小。