反义CD147分子对人胆管癌细胞株侵袭性影响的实验研究

目的探讨反义CD147分子对人胆管癌细胞株QBC939侵袭性的影响。方法构建含反义CD147分子片段的重组真核表达质粒,将人胆管癌细胞株QBC939分为三组:(1)反义CD147组,运用重组真核表达质粒as CD147-pc DNA3.1(-)转染QBC939细胞;(2)空质粒组,运用pc DNA3.1(-)空质粒转染QBC939细胞;(3)对照组,运用DMEM常规处理细胞。采用MTT法检测各组QBC939细胞的生长情况,RT-PCR和Western blotting法分别对三组QBC939细胞中的CD147、MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-2的m RNA表达水平及其对应蛋白的表达水平进行检测。结果成功构建了携带反义CD147分子片段的重组真核表达质粒。MTT法检测显示:三组QBC939细胞的生长曲线及对数生长期情况无统计学差异(P0.05)。RT-PCR法检测显示:反义CD147组QBC939细胞中CD147和MMP-2分子的m RNA表达均低于空质粒组和对照组(P0.05),且空质粒组与对照组相比无统计学差异(P0.05);反义CD147组QBC939细胞中MMP-9和TIMP-2分子的m RNA表达与空质粒组和对照组相比无统计学差异(P0.05)。Western blotting检测发现:与空质粒组和对照组相比,反义CD147组QBC939细胞中CD147和MMP-2分子的蛋白表达明显降低(P0.05),空质粒组与对照组相比无统计学差异(P0.05);与空质粒组和对照组相比,反义CD147组QBC939细胞株中MMP-9和TIMP-2分子的蛋白表达无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论 (1)反义CD147对胆管癌细胞株QBC939的生长无影响;(2)反义CD147对胆管癌细胞株QBC939中MMP-9和TIMP-2的m RNA表达及对应蛋白表达无影响;(3)反义CD147降低胆管癌细胞株QBC939中CD147和MMP-2的m RNA表达及对应蛋白表达,可能会降低胆管癌细胞株的侵袭性。     

乳腺癌患者化疗相关认知障碍与自我效能的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺癌患者化疗相关认知障碍发生情况及与自我效能的相关性。方法采用中文版癌症治疗功能评估-认知功能量表(FACT-Cog)、健康促进策略量表(SUPPH)对106例乳腺癌术后患者化疗前后进行调查。结果化疗前患者认知障碍得分为92.18±17.09,显著低于化疗后(得分101.02±24.58,P0.01);化疗前认知障碍发生率为68.9%,化疗后为92.5%;化疗前自我效能得分为82.79±26.64,化疗后为73.08±18.90,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。化疗后自我效能与认知障碍总分及各维度得分呈负相关(r=-0.232~-0.533,P0.05,P0.01)。结论乳腺癌术后化疗患者认知障碍发生率高,且与自我效能呈负相关。护理人员可采取有效措施提高患者自我效能水平,从而减轻化疗相关认知障碍,改善生活质量。     

难治性胆石病的外科手术经验-附521例报告

目的 探讨难治性胆石病的手术方式与技巧.方法 回顾性分析1990年1月至2007年12月湖南省人民医院肝胆医院收治的521例难治性胆石病患者的临床资料.结果 全组均行手术治疗,除3例术后围手术期并发肝肾功能衰竭死亡,其余518例无严重并发症、痊愈出院.经影像学检查有残石者78例,占15.0%.423例获随访,随访率为81.7%,平均随访时间7年6个月(5个月～17年).效果良好率达90.1%.结论 大部分难治性胆石病可以根治,个体化的手术方案、精细规范的手术操作是保证疗效的关键.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the experience in operation manner and surgical technique of refractory cholelithiasis.Methods A total of five hundred and twenty one patients with refractory cholelithiasis admitted to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from Jan.1990 to Dec.2007 were involved in this study for retrospective analysis.Results All patients in this group accepted surgery.Apart from three cases of perioperative death with liver and kidney failure,the remaining five hundred and eighteen cases had no serious complications,were cured and discharged.The imaging examination showed residual stone in seventy cases,accounting for fifteen percent.Four hundred and twenty one patients were followed up.The mean time of follow-up was seven years and six months (range 5 months - 17 years).Good result rate was 90.1%(381/423).Conclusions Most intractable cholelithiasis can be cured radically.Individual surgery programme,fine and standard surgical procedure are the key to treatment effect.     

改良后路张力带钢板治疗不稳定性骶骨骨折

目的 探讨改良后路张力带钢板治疗因骶骨骨折导致的骨盆后环不稳定病人的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2015年6月至2018年6月我院采用改良后路张力带钢板治疗的7例因骶骨骨折导致骨盆后环不稳定病人的临床资料,其中男4例,女3例,年龄为23~63岁,Tile分型B1 1例,B2 1例,B3 1例,C1 3例,C2 1例。骶骨骨折Denis分区1区4例,2区3例。高处坠落伤3例,车祸伤4例。记录病人软组织激惹等并发症发生情况,采用Majeed评分标准评估骨盆功能。结果 病人手术时间平均为32 min,失血量平均为58 mL。所有病人均获得骨性愈合,愈合时间平均为19周。7例病人平均随访了16个月。根据Majeed评分,优6例,良1例,优良率100%。未出现软组织激惹、神经血管损伤、体表能触及钢板等并发症。结论 改良的后路张力带钢板能有效治疗因骶骨骨折导致的骨盆后环不稳定,安全有效,且软组织激惹较少。     

Prognostic value of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II and organ system failure in patients with acute renal failure requiring dialysis

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in modern technology of dialysis, prognosis of patients with acute renal failure (ARF) remains poor. To give the clinicians the most useful information, a model that accurately predicts outcome early in the course of ARF is required. However, because ARF is a heterogeneous syndrome and occurs in patients with diverse etiologies and some coexisting diseases, predicting outcome early is hard. The aim of this study is to evaluate prospectively the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) and organ system failure (OSF) models, evaluated prior to dialysis, in predicting hospital mortality. METHODS: From June 2002 to March 2004, ARF patients requiring dialysis at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, were prospectively recruited for this study. The worst clinical and laboratory data in the 24 hours before initiation of dialysis were prospectively evaluated, and the patients' APACHE II score and OSF number were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 61 patients (40 male and 21 female) were enrolled, of whom 38 (62.3%) died before discharge. By multivariate logistic regression, the APACHE II score (odds ratio 1.3 per increase in one score; P<0.001), or OSF number (odds ratio 1.9 per increase in one OSF; P<0.01) and oliguria (odds ratio 4.2; P=0.04), were found to be statistically significant prognostic factors for hospital mortality. Mortality increased progressively and significantly as OSF number (chi-square for trend; P=0.001) or the APACHE II score (chi-square for trend; P < 0.001) increased. By using Youden's index, the best cut-off value for APACHE II was 24, with 63% sensitivity and 96% specificity. The best cut-off value for OSF number was 2, with a sensitivity of 81.6% and a specificity of 60.9%. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for APACHE II and OSF number were 0.847 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.752-0.942; P<0.01) and 0.769 (95% CI=0.646-892; P<0.001), respectively, indicating good model discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: This study concludes that APACHE II and OSF number measured prior to initiation of dialysis reliably predict outcomes of ARF patients requiring dialysis. The mortality rates increase as the APACHE II score or OSF number increases. For predicting mortality, the APACHE II score > or = 24 was found to have 63% sensitivity and 96% specificity, and OSF number> or = 2 had 81.6% sensitivity and 60.9% specificity.     

Previous transurethral resection of the prostate is not a contraindication to high‐dose rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer

OBJECTIVE

To analyse retrospectively the morbidity and efficacy of high‐dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy in patients who had a previous transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Morbidities documented in the records of 32 patients with previous TURP and 106 with no previous TURP, treated with HDR brachytherapy for prostate cancer at our institution, were analysed and compared. All patients received HDR brachytherapy as a boost before conformal external beam radiotherapy. We recorded and analysed genitourinary complications, rectal morbidity, and the biochemical control rate as assessed by the prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level.

RESULTS

All complications of patients who received HDR brachytherapy were recorded during the follow‐up. All gastrointestinal and genitourinary complications were not significantly different in patients with or without previous TURP. There was little incontinence or severe morbidity associated with HDR brachytherapy. The PSA‐based biochemical control rates were similar in patients with or without previous TURP in each risk group.

CONCLUSIONS

HDR brachytherapy is a reasonable treatment for localized prostate cancer in patients who have had a previous TURP, with the expectation of low morbidity and satisfactory biochemical control.     

Effect of ischemia/reperfusion on bladder nerve and detrusor cell damage

Ischemia, reperfusion, and subsequent free radical damage have been implicated in many voiding disorders. Our goal was to investigate further the mechanisms of these disorders, with particular emphasis on nerve and mitochondrial function and on detrusor smooth-muscle cells. The effects on contractile responses to various stimulations, citrate synthase, choline acetyltransferase activities, and vesicular acetylcholine transporter were evaluated after ischemia alone and ischemia/reperfusion 2 h, 7 days, and 14 days. Nerve density and detrusor cell apoptosis were also measured. The contractile responses were significantly decreased at both 7 and 14 days reperfusion, although at 14 days some recovery was observed. Similar patterns were seen for the intramural nerves, both nerve cell cytoskeletal structures and cholinergic neurotransmitters. Citrate synthase activity was also depressed by ischemia and 2 h reperfusion, but the activity recovered by 7 days. Detrusor cell apoptosis was not significantly affected by ischemia and 2 h reperfusion; but showed an approximately 14-fold increase at both 7 and 14 days reperfusion. Reperfusion following ischemia resulted in worsening intramural bladder nerve dysfunction, nerve fiber injury, mitochondrial injury, and damaged detrusor muscle cells. However, at 14 days reperfusion, nerve and mitochondrial regeneration occurred and resulted in partial recovery of contractile function.     

Color Doppler Ultrasound Detection and Classification of the Tangential Hepatic Vein before Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Background: Unexpected fatal bleeding from the gallbladder bed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is often associated with injury to the middle hepatic vein. This paper studies whether preoperative color Doppler ultrasound is effective in reducing the risk of injury. Also a venous classification is suggested. Methods: Between June 1999 and February 2004, 2,146 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy by standard method received preoperative color Doppler ultrasound examinations. The closest distance between the hepatic vein and the gallbladder was studied. Also, cases of liver cirrhosis, number of conversions to open cholecystectomy, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, complications, and hospital stay were recorded (group D). At the end of the study, we retrospectively reviewed the same parameter of another 2,146 patients who received laparoscopic cholecystectomy without preoperative color Doppler ultrasound between the period of March 1995 and June 1999 (group ND). Results: In group D, 108 patients had cirrhosis. Four hundred and ninety-six patients (27 cases of cirrhosis) had a closest distance of 1 mm or less between the vein and the gallbladder. There were two conversions to open cholecystectomy, but none related to gallbladder bed bleeding. In group ND, there were five conversions, including four cases of gallbladder bed bleeding from the middle hepatic vein and one case of severe adhesion. The conversion rate was significantly higher. In group ND, the mean intraoperative blood loss in the cases of liver cirrhosis was significantly greater. Also, the operative time of patients with the closest vein and gallbladder distance of 1 mm or less in group D was significantly longer. Conclusions: Color Doppler ultrasound is an effective method for detecting the presence of potential bleeders. Although the operative time will be a bit longer, the operation can be done under meticulous care and complete preparation, so that the conversion rate and the risk of fatal hemorrhage can be reduced, especially in patients with liver cirrhosis.     

难治性胆石病的外科手术经验

目的 探讨难治性胆石病的手术方式与技巧.方法 回顾性分析1990年1月至2007年12月湖南省人民医院肝胆外科收治的521例难治性胆石病患者的临床资料.结果 全组均行手术治疗,3例术后围手术期内并发肝肾功能衰竭死亡,其余518例无严重并发症发生,痊愈出院.经B超和CT复查有结石残留者78例,占15.1%.423例获随访,随访5个月至17年,平均随访时间7.5年,随访率81.7%.效果良好率达90.1%(381/423).结论 大部分难治性胆石病患者可以根治;根据患者的具体情况,采用相匹配的个体化手术方案、精细规范的手术操作是保证疗效的关键.