Heterogeneous expression and association of beta-catenin, p16 and c-myc in multistage colorectal tumorigenesis and progression detected by tissue microarray

Most colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) arise from adenomas through an archetypal pathogenic pathway, the adenoma-carcinoma-metastasis sequence. Aberrant expression of beta-catenin, p16, E-cadherin and c-myc appears to have played important roles in the development and/or progression of CRC, but their precise distribution pattern and associations in different pathologic loci along CRC's pathogenic pathway have not been thoroughly examined. In this study, a tissue microarray (TMA) containing 85 advanced CRCs in different Dukes stages was constructed. In each of 85 cases, tissue specimens from normal mucosa and primary carcinomas in different layers of the bowel wall were included in the TMA. Tissue specimens from matched adenoma, lymph node metastases and distant metastases were obtained from 22, 21 and 21 cases, respectively. Expression patterns of beta-catenin, p16, E-cadherin and c-myc were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The results revealed that nuclear expression of beta-catenin, p16 and c-myc was quantitatively increased from normal mucosa to premalignant adenoma, primary carcinoma and lymph node metastatic carcinoma; the frequency of nuclear overexpression of beta-catenin and p16 in lymph node metastases was significantly higher than that in distant metastases (p < 0.05). These results suggest an association between nuclear overexpression of beta-catenin and/or p16 and CRC lymph node metastasis but not distant metastasis. The results also showed that correlative high nuclear expression of beta-catenin and c-myc was observed in primary carcinomas involving the serosa and lymph node metastases (p < 0.05) but not in other pathologic regions of CRCs, suggesting that the tumor microenvironment in different pathologic loci of colorectal tumorigenesis and progression may influence c-myc responsiveness to beta-catenin/Tcf activation.     

乌体林斯对结、直肠癌术后化疗患者免疫功能的影响

目的：研究乌体林斯（Utilin “S”）对结、直肠癌术后化疗患者免疫功能的影响,探讨乌体林斯在结、直肠癌术后化疗的临床应用价值。方法：结、直肠癌术后化疗患者分别在化疗前、化疗后1周、3周检测免疫功能,比较加用乌体林斯组与不用乌体林斯组的差异。结果：单纯化疗组患者细胞经疗后显著低于化疗前,加用乌体林斯患者化疗后细胞免疫功能显著高于化疗前;在体液免疫方面,单纯化疗患者IgG水平化疗后显著低于化疗前,加用乌体林斯组IgG水平化疗前后差异不显著。结论：乌体林斯与化疗联合应用可显著改善因化疗被抑制的机体免疫功能,增强患者对伦疗的耐受性。     

In vitro maturation and glutathione synthesis of porcine oocytes in the presence or absence of cysteamine under different oxygen tensions: role of cumulus cells

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cumulus cells on the in vitro maturation (IVM) and glutathione (GSH) synthesis of porcine oocytes cultured in the presence or absence of cysteamine under different oxygen tensions, and on their subsequent male pronucleus formation after in vitro fertilization (IVF). Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and cumulus-denuded oocytes (DOs) were cultured for 45 h in modified TCM-199 supplemented with or without 150 microM cysteamine under a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air (20% O2) or 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2. When cultured in medium supplemented with cysteamine under 20% O2 tension, the rates of COC maturation to the metaphase II (MII) stage were significantly higher than those of DOs (P<0.05). Regardless of the addition of cysteamine and oxygen tension, the rates of male pronucleus formation in COCs after IVM and IVF were significantly higher than in DOs (P<0.05). The GSH content of oocytes was significantly increased by the addition of cysteamine to the maturation medium (P<0.05), with significantly higher GSH content in COCs than in DOs (P<0.05). However, the GSH content of COCs and DOs was not significantly different when cultured in medium without cysteamine. These results indicate that cumulus cells play an important role in nuclear maturation to MII, GSH synthesis in porcine oocytes cultured in the presence of cysteamine, and subsequent male pronucleus formation after IVF.     

Research activities of interns in pharmacy

During their hospital internship, French pharmacists have many opportunities to participate in research activities, especially in post-doctoral work (DEA). We conducted a national survey among pharmacy residents and interns to ascertain their motivations before completing their diploma. Many (about 50%) considered their post-doctorate work as an initiation before starting their scientific profession. Other motivations were also noted. This study provides data for future comparisons.     

微孔滤膜空气微生物采样器的研制

研制的双采样头大流量微孔滤膜空气微生物采样器为６级Ａｎｄｅｒｓｅｎ空气微生物采样器效率的７７％～９６％。适用于空气洁净环境的生物洁净度检测和病房、公共场合的致病微生物检测,也可用于一般环境的空气微生物检测。     

Improvement in the turnover rate of the stratum corneum in false aged model rats by the administration of geniposidic acid in Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Leaf.

We earlier reported that collagen synthesis in false aged model rats was stimulated by the administration of a methanol extract from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides OLIVER. When the methanol extract was fractionated to n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol fractions by silica gel chromatography, we discovered that geniposidic acid and aucubin, contained in the acetone fraction, were the active ingredients. In the current study, we set out to examine if active compounds found in the Eucommia ulmoides OLIVER leaf (EUOL) improved the low turnover rate in the stratum corneum of false aged model rats. The turnover rate in the stratum corneum in rats was measured as 50% dansyl chloride clearance day. In the first experiment, administration of a 2.4% water soluble methanol extract (WSME) of EUOL, along with an 11% protein diet, led to a 20% higher turnover rate in the stratum corneum (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney) than the control value. The WSME mainly contained iridoid mono-glycosides such as geniposidic acid. In the second experiment, treatment with geniposidic acid similarly caused a higher turnover rate in the stratum corneum, increasing turnover by 23% (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney) compared to the control value. In this paper we reveal that the WSME contains compounds effective against aging, and one of them is geniposidic acid.     

Five new triterpene saponins from Pulsatilla patens var. multifida

Five new oleanane-type glycosides (1-5), along with two known triterpene saponins, were isolated from the roots of Pulsatilla patens var. multifida (Ranunculaceae). The structures of the new triterpene saponins were elucidated as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), hederagenin 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)][beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta -D-galactopyranoside (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bayogenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester (4), and 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)][beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta -D-galactopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester (5). Structure elucidation was accomplished by 1D and 2D NMR (HMQC, HMBC, and ROESY) methods, FABMS, and hydrolysis.     

New cycloartane glycosides from Cimicifuga dahurica

Two new cylcoartane glycosides along with a known compound, 12beta-hydroxycimigenol 3- O-alpha- L-arabinopyranoside, were isolated from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga dahurica (Ranunculaceae). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as cimigenol 3- O-alpha- L-arabinopyranoside and 25- O-acetylcimigenol 3- O-alpha- L-arabinopyranoside on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence.     

小儿呼吸道合胞病毒感染的病原学与临床研究

目的 探讨我院急性呼吸道感染合胞病毒的原学及临床研究,方法 对急性处呼吸道病毒感染的门诊及住院患儿的不同年份ＲＳＶ感染的情况进行了临床监测和比较。结果 冬春季急性呼吸道感染患儿ＲＳＶ检测阳性率平均在２７．８％,结论 ＲＳＶ是婴幼儿呼吸道感染病原中主要的病毒,其发病年龄高峰在１岁以内（７０％）,其中２－６个月发病率最高４４．８％）并且毛细支气管炎患儿ＲＳＶ感染率明显支气管炎和支气管肺炎。     

喉癌患者机体免疫状态的研究

采用放射免疫扩散法、碱性磷酸酶－抗碱性磷酸酶法和乳酸脱氢酶法，对６８例喉癌患者进行机体免疫状态研究，结果：ＣＤ３＾＋、ＣＤ４＾＋细胞和ＮＫ细胞活性均较对照组明显低下（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＣＤ８＾＋细胞较对照组稍有增加但无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）；ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ较对照组稍见低下但无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。提示：喉癌患者细胞免疫水平低下，ＣＤ４＾＋／ＣＤ８＾＋比值下降，机体免疫系统处于被抑制