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31.
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether clean catch urine specimens correlate with catheterized specimens for determination of protein/creatinine ratios in pregnant women being evaluated for preeclampsia. METHODS: Sixty pregnant women who were at least at 20 weeks of gestation were enrolled. Patients with ruptured membranes, vaginal bleeding, or urinary tract infections were excluded. Midstream clean catch urine specimens were collected. Catheterized specimens were then collected and used for clinical management. The specimens were analyzed for protein, creatinine, urinalysis, and culture. Based on sample size calculations, 60 participants were needed to detect a correlation of 0.90 with 80% power and alpha=0.05. RESULTS: Mean gestational age at enrollment was 35.9 weeks (range 23.1-41.7 weeks). Median (range) clean catch and catheterized protein/creatinine ratios were 0.204 (0.089-3.465) and 0.181 (0.067-3.335), respectively, with a correlation coefficient of 0.897 (P<.001). When results were categorized by degree of proteinuria using a cutoff of 0.3, sensitivity and specificity of the clean catch protein/creatinine ratios were 95.2% and 97.4%. When using a more conservative cutoff of 0.19, sensitivity and specificity of the clean catch protein/creatinine ratios were 96.4% and 75.0%. CONCLUSION: Clean catch and catheterized urine specimens correlate well in women with suspected preeclampsia. Routine catheterization of pregnant women is not necessary in the evaluation of preeclampsia. 相似文献
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33.
Annaheim B Rehm J Neuenschwander M Gmel G 《International journal of public health》2007,52(4):233-241
Summary Quitting hash. The readiness for behaviour change among cannabis users in Switzerland.
Objectives: The study aims to identify factors that are associated with the willingness of adolescents and young adults to modify their
cannabis use. It is hypothesized that frequency of use, cannabis-related problems and age of onset are associated with their
willingness to change.
Methods: In 2004, a survey on cannabis use was conducted among 13 to 29 year-olds living in Switzerland. Of the 5025 participants 593
had taken cannabis during the past six months. They were then asked about their willingness to change. Three groups of users
were compared: those not willing to change, those considering change, and those determined to change. Pearson Chi-square-tests
and logistic regressions were performed to test the hypotheses.
Results: Experience of problems motivates users to start thinking about changing their behavior. Frequent use and early onset are associated
with young people not making the transition from considering changing behavior to resolving to do so.
Conclusions: The need to perceive problematic use as a first step towards change and the inhibiting effect of dependencerelated factors
on the transition from consideration to determination calls for tailored intervention approaches that are matched to the willingness
to change.
Eingereicht: 10. Dezember 2005; überarbeitet: 13. September 2006; Angenommen: 6. M?rz 2007 相似文献
34.
Relu Coco Beatrice Mahler Adina Turcu-Stiolica Alexandru Stoichi Andreea Ghinet Elena-Silvia Shelby Laureniu Camil Bohîlea 《Viruses》2022,14(6)
Our study objective was to construct models using 20 routine laboratory parameters on admission to predict disease severity and mortality risk in a group of 254 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Considering the influence of confounding factors in this single-center study, we also retrospectively assessed the correlations between the risk of death and the routine laboratory parameters within individual comorbidity subgroups. In multivariate regression models and by ROC curve analysis, a model of three routine laboratory parameters (AUC 0.85; 95% CI: 0.79–0.91) and a model of six laboratory factors (AUC 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81–0.91) were able to predict severity and mortality of COVID-19, respectively, compared with any other individual parameter. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that inflammatory laboratory markers grouped together in three distinct clusters including positive correlations: WBC with NEU, NEU with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), NEU with systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), NLR with SII and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with SII. When analyzing the routine laboratory parameters in the subgroups of comorbidities, the risk of death was associated with a common set of laboratory markers of systemic inflammation. Our results have shown that a panel of several routine laboratory parameters recorded on admission could be helpful for early evaluation of the risk of disease severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Inflammatory markers for mortality risk were similar in the subgroups of comorbidities, suggesting the limited effect of confounding factors in predicting COVID-19 mortality at admission. 相似文献
35.
Davide L. Vetrano Maria S. Pisciotta Alice Laudisio Maria R. Lo Monaco Graziano Onder Vincenzo Brandi Domenico Fusco Beatrice Di Capua Diego Ricciardi Roberto Bernabei Giuseppe Zuccalà 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(6):523-527
Objectives
In Parkinson disease (PD), sarcopenia may represent the common downstream pathway that from motor and nonmotor symptoms leads to the progressive loss of resilience, frailty, and disability. Here we (1) assessed the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults with PD using 3 different criteria, testing their agreement, and (2) evaluated the association between PD severity and sarcopenia.Design
Cross-sectional, observation study.Setting
Geriatric day hospital.Participants
Older adults with idiopathic PD.Measurements
Body composition was evaluated through dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Handgrip strength and walking speed were measured. Sarcopenia was operationalized according to the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older Persons, and the International Working Group. Cohen k statistics was used to test the agreement among criteria.Results
Among the 210 participants (mean age 73 years; 38% women), the prevalence of sarcopenia was 28.5%–40.7% in men and 17.5%–32.5% in women. The prevalence of severe sarcopenia was 16.8%–20.0% in men and 11.3%–18.8% in women. The agreement among criteria was poor. The highest agreement was obtained between the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older Persons (severe sarcopenia) and International Working Group criteria (k = 0.52 in men; k = 0.65 in women; P < .01 for both). Finally, severe sarcopenia was associated with PD severity (odds ratio 2.30; 95% confidence interval 1.15–4.58).Conclusions
Sarcopenia is common in PD, with severe sarcopenia being diagnosed in 1 in every 5 patients with PD. We found a significant disagreement among the 3 criteria evaluated, in detecting sarcopenia more than in ruling it out. Finally, sarcopenia is associated with PD severity. Considering its massive prevalence, further studies should address the prognosis of sarcopenia in PD. 相似文献36.
37.
Beatrice C. Go Cammille C. Go Kevin Chorath Alvaro Moreira Karthik Rajasekaran 《世界耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志(英文)》2022,8(2):107
ObjectiveManagement of postoperative pain after head and neck cancer surgery is a complex issue, requiring a careful balance of analgesic properties and side effects. The objective of this review is to discuss the efficacy and safety of multimodal analgesia (MMA) for these patients.MethodsPubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov were systematically searched for all comparative studies of patients receiving MMA (nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, anticonvulsants, local anesthetics, and corticosteroids) for head and neck cancer surgeries. The primary outcome was additional postoperative opioid usage, and secondary outcomes included subjective pain scores, complications, adverse effects, and 30‐day outcomes.ResultsA total of five studies representing 592 patients (MMA, n = 275; non‐MMA, n = 317) met inclusion criteria. The most commonly used agents were gabapentin, NSAIDs, and acetaminophen (n = 221), NSAIDs (n = 221), followed by corticosteroids (n = 35), dextromethorphan (n = 40), and local nerve block (n = 19). Four studies described a significant decrease in overall postoperative narcotic usage with two studies reporting a significant decrease in hospital time. Subjective pain scores widely varied with two studies reporting reduced pain at postoperative day 3. There were no differences in surgical outcomes, medical complications, adverse effects, or 30‐day mortality and readmission rates.ConclusionMMA is an increasingly popular strategy that may reduce dependence on opioids for the treatment of postoperative pain. A variety of regimens and protocols are available for providers to utilize in the appropriate head and neck cancer patient. 相似文献
38.
39.
Aldo Pezzuto Beatrice Trabalza Marinucci Alberto Ricci Massimo Ciccozzi Giuseppe Tonini Michela DAscanio Giulio Guerrieri Maria Chianese Silvia Castelli Erino Angelo Rendina 《The Journal of international medical research》2022,50(6)
ObjectiveOnly approximately 15% of patients with lung cancer are suitable for surgery and clinical postoperative outcomes vary. The aim of this study was to investigate variables associated with post-surgery respiratory failure in this patient cohort.MethodsPatients who underwent surgery for lung cancer were retrospectively studied for respiratory function. All patients had undergone lung resection by a mini-thoracotomy approach. The study population was divided into two subgroups for comparison: lobectomy group, who underwent lobar resection; and sub-lobar resection group.ResultsA total of 85 patients were included, with a prevalence of lung cancer stage IA and adenocarcinoma histotype. Lobectomy (versus sub-lobar resection), the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a COPD assessment test (CAT) score >10, were all associated with an increased risk of respiratory failure. The partial pressure of arterial oxygen decreased more in the lobectomy group than in the sub-lobar resection group following surgery, with a significant postoperative between-group difference in values. Postoperative CAT scores were also better in the sub-lobar resection group.ConclusionsPost-surgical variations in functional parameters were greater in the group treated by lobectomy. COPD, high CAT score and surgery type were associated with postoperative development of respiratory failure. 相似文献
40.
Miriam Nannette Ebert Gabriele Beyer-Sehlmeyer Ute Monika Liegibel Tanja Kautenburger Thomas Walter Becker Beatrice Louise Pool-Zobel 《Nutrition and cancer》2013,65(1-2):156-164
Butyrate, one of the major products of gut fermentation, is known to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and differentiation, and increase phase II enzyme activities in tumor cells, whereas little information is available on protective effects in less-transformed colon cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the chemoprotective mechanism of glutathione S-transferase (GST) induction by butyrate could also play a role in earlier stages of colon carcinogenesis and whether chemoresistance of cells toward the endogenous genotoxic risk factor 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) could be a consequence of butyrate treatment. As cell models, we used the human tumor cell lines HT29 and HT29 clone 19A, a differentiated subclone with properties resembling primary colon cells. We determined the expression of GSTP1 protein (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), the major GST in HT29, GSTP1 mRNA (Northern blotting), GST activity, intracellular glutathione, and total protein. The genotoxic impact of HNE (100-200 μM) was compared in butyrate-treated and nontreated cells using single-cell microgel electrophoresis. Our results show that GSTP1 mRNA, GSTP1 protein, GST activity, and total protein were increased (1.2- to 2.5-fold) and glutathione levels were maintained after 24- 72 h of incubation with 4 mM butyrate. Moreover, a marked reduction of HNE-induced genotoxicity was caused by preincubation with butyrate. Butyrate also induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2, Western blotting) after 5-30 min, which indicates a regulation of GST expression by this signal pathway. Most effects were greater in HT29 parent cells than in clone cells. In conclusion, butyrate enhances expression of GST and other proteins in both cell lines, which leads to an enhanced chemoprotection, reducing the impact of HNE genotoxicity. Thus butyrate could play a role in early and later stages of cancer prevention by reducing exposure to relevant risk factors. 相似文献