NFNA safety survey: a report of data collected in 1988 versus 1998

In 1998, the Air & Surface Transport Nurses Association ASTNA (formerly known as the National Flight Nurses Association [NFNA]) sponsored a follow-up safety survey to one it had conducted in 1988. The survey was sent out to all association members and identified whether a respondent of the survey was employed by a program that had policies addressing the safety topics identified in the survey and were compliant with the topic. Covered topics included scheduling practices, rest, refusal to fly because of safety issues, safety briefings, safety training, chemical restraints, hot off-loading, personal protective gear, and safety equipment installed in aircraft.

The 1998 NFNA safety survey replicated a safety survey sent in 1988. The results of the two surveys were compared using side-by-side analysis with graphic comparison of trends that have occurred during the 10-year period. With the exception of hot loading/unloading, every category of questions recognized an increased frequency of both written policies and compliance or practice. The most significant improvement in compliance was “personal protective gear;” the category engendering the most concern was “refusal to fly due to safety issues.” In 1998, only 52% of respondents worked in programs that “defined the flight nurses' responsibility and acceptable reasons for refusal to participate.”     

中华医学会系列杂志网上在线订阅通知婴幼儿喂养建议

婴幼儿(O～36个月)营养的基本要求是满足生长、避免营养素缺乏.儿童良好的营养状态有助于预防急、慢性疾病,有益于儿童体格生长、神经心理发育.因遗传、代谢水平不同,儿童的营养需要个体差异很大.恰当的营养和喂养方式不仅可以改善生命早期生长发育,并且对生命后期的健康(如预防肥胖、心血管疾病等)有重要意义.     

早产/低出生体重儿喂养建议

早产/低出生体重儿是指出生胎龄小于37周、出生体重低于2500 g的新生儿,是需要特殊关注的群体,合理的营养支持是提高其存活率的关键环节之一,不仅关系到近期生长和疾病转归,而且直接影响远期预后,充足均衡的营养是保证早产/低出生体重儿健康成长的物质基础.     

Early introduction of allergenic foods for the prevention of food allergy from an Asian perspective—An Asia Pacific Association of Pediatric Allergy,Respirology & Immunology (APAPARI) consensus statement

Emerging evidence for the early introduction of allergenic foods for the prevention of food allergies, such as peanut allergy in Western populations, has led to the recent publication of guidelines in the USA and Europe recommending early peanut introduction for high‐risk infants with severe eczema or egg allergy. Peanut allergy is, however, much less prevalent in Asia compared to the West. Varying patterns of food allergy are seen even within Asian countries—such as a predominance of wheat allergy in Japan and Thailand and shellfish allergy in Singapore and the Philippines. Customs and traditions, such as diet and infant feeding practices, also differ between Asian populations. Hence, there are unique challenges in adapting guidelines on early allergenic food introduction to the Asian setting. In this paper, we review the evidence and discuss the possible approaches to guide the timely introduction of allergenic food in high‐risk infants in Asia.