经口腔前庭入路腔镜甲状腺全切除术治疗cN0甲状腺乳头状癌临床研究

目的 探讨经口腔前庭入路腔镜全甲状腺切除术（TOETVA）的有效性及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2017年7月至2019年7月浙江大学医学院附属第二医院甲状腺外科收治的行全甲状腺切除术且病理学检查确诊为甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）的110例病人的临床资料,术前影像学检查提示无淋巴结转移（cN0）。其中51例行TOETVA（经口组）,59例行开放甲状腺手术（开放组）,对比两组临床病理学指标、手术效果以及随访情况。结果 两组病人术中喉返神经信号减弱比例、中央区淋巴结清扫数目、单双侧甲状腺清扫比例、淋巴结转移阳性率、阳性淋巴结数目及术后并发症（声音嘶哑、饮水呛咳、暂时性甲状旁腺功能减退及感染）差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。术后随访6个月,经口组与开放组病人的Tg和PTH水平差异无统计学意义（P=0.560、0.206）,且均未发现两组有甲状腺残留及甲状腺癌复发转移征象。结论 TOETVA在有效性及安全性方面不劣于开放手术,且体表无手术瘢痕,尤其适合有美容要求的临床低危PTC病人。     

Maternal humoral factors associated with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type-1 transmission in a cohort from Kigali, Rwanda, 1988-1994

OBJECTIVES: to study different parameters of humoral immunity responses in the serum of 39 human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infected pregnant women from Kigali, (Rwanda) in correlation with perinatal transmission. METHODS: this study was done between 1988 and 1994. Thirty nine HIV-1 infected women, 18 transmitting (T) and 21 non-transmitting (NT) mothers, have been chosen based on the quantity of sera available for analysis. Maternal data were collected at the time of delivery or during the preceding month. Quantification of viral load was performed by the signal amplification bDNA assay. Specific reactivity of antibody was tested against recombinant p24 protein and five different synthetic peptides from gp120 and gp41 based on HIV LAI-strain sequences. Neutralization assays were performed against laboratory (RII strain of the HIV-1 C subtype) and primary strains (two NSI and one SI of the HIV-1 A subtype). Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity assay was performed with CEM.NK(R) cells against a laboratory HIV-1 strain. RESULTS: absence of correlation regarding maternal viral load, or viral subtype and vertical transmission was observed. By contrast, the CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly higher in non-transmitting mothers compared to transmitting mothers. Moreover, high anti-p24 antibody avidity was correlated with a lower risk of perinatal transmission. Furthermore, transmission risk appeared significantly higher with reactivity of serum samples to linear epitopes of gp41 (amino acids 566-582, 578-594), whereas risk appeared lower with reactivity to the immunodominant domain of gp41 (amino acids 597-609). No significant difference was observed in titres of antibody neutralizing primary isolates (two NSI (non syncitium inducer) and one SI (syncitium inducer) of the HIV-1 A subtype) and laboratory strain (RII strain, of the HIV-1 C subtype) between transmitting and non-transmitting mother's sera. In addition, titres of Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity were similar in transmitting versus non-transmitting mothers. However, high Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity titres were correlated with a good clinical status of children. CONCLUSIONS: three parameters such as high CD4/CD8 ratio, high anti-p24 antibody avidity and high reactivity against the immunodominant epitope of gp41 have been shown to be correlated with no perinatal transmission. High Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity titres appeared to be linked to a good clinical status of children after birth. One parameter, reactivity against two linear epitopes of gp41, appeared to be correlated with vertical transmission.     

自适应统计迭代重建技术算法在头颅CT扫描降低噪声中的对比分析

目的：分析不同的ASIR（自适应统计迭代重建技术）值在降低头部图像噪声中的价值。方法：采用型号为Discovery CT750 HD的宝石CT,对32例受检者进行头部扫描。扫描结束后在双侧侧脑室最大层面重建图像,FOV25cm、层厚5mm、间隔20mm,共5层,分别将ASIR值设定为0％、20％、40％、60％、80％、100％重建图像,窗宽为100HU、窗位为35HU。在一侧侧脑室内选取圆形感兴趣区,测量不同的ASIR值时侧脑室脑脊液的CT值与标准差,应用医学统计软件SPSS13对数据进行统计分析。结果：各组间侧脑室脑脊液的CT值标准差有明显的统计学差异,随ASIR百分比的增加,图像噪声水平明显降低。结论：提高ASIR值能够降低图像噪声。扫描时,采用较高ASIR值具有降低射线剂量的作用。     

上海市泖港社区居民慢性病核心指标监测结果分析

目的了解慢性病相关核心指标的流行情况,及时制定有关政策和措施。方法采用分层抽样的方法,抽取松江区泖港镇5个居委/村的社区居民进行核心指标监测,并进行相关统计分析。结果监测的5,964人中,腹型肥胖率达45.5%,血糖异常率为26.6%,血压异常率为46.4%。结论腹型肥胖、血糖、血压异常是慢性病发生的危险因素,定期监测慢性病核心指标,并制定相关的控制措施,对预防慢性病的发生与发展具有重要意义。     

自由角度和改制后固定角度穿刺架引导下仿甲状腺细针抽吸穿刺体模实验

目的探讨自由角度及改制后固定角度穿刺架在甲状腺细针抽吸穿刺中的可行性及准确性。方法模拟甲状腺细针抽吸穿刺建立模型,由10位医生分别通过徒手穿刺、使用自由角度穿刺架和改制后固定角度穿刺架对体模中的目标进行穿刺,每人做三次穿刺,分别记录下每次穿刺的目标深度、穿刺时间和成功率并对以上数据作统计学分析。结果第一组(徒手穿刺)穿刺成功率76.7%,目标放置平均深度1.99cm,穿刺平均时间40.52s;第二组(自由角度穿刺架)穿刺成功率100%,目标放置平均深度2.12cm,穿刺平均时间7.75s;第三组(改制后固定角度穿刺架)穿刺成功率100%,目标放置平均深度2.22cm,穿刺平均时间3.26s。徒手穿刺的成功率小于自由角度和改制后固定角度穿刺(P<0.05),自由角度和改制后固定角度穿刺的目标深度均大于徒手穿刺(P<0.05),自由角度和改制后固定角度穿刺的目标深度无差异(P=0.18),自由角度和改制后固定角度穿刺操作时间均短于徒手穿刺操作时间(P<0.001),改制后固定角度穿刺操作时间短于自由角度操作时间(P<0.01)。结论使用自由角度和改制后固定角度穿刺架穿刺均比徒手穿刺有更高的准确性,改制后固定角度穿刺架较自由角度穿刺架穿刺效率更高,对甲状腺深部小结节穿刺更便捷可靠。     

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??Efficacy of FOLFOX4 regimen systemic chemotherapy in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: An analysis of 22 cases YIN Xiao-yu*??CHEN Jie??PENG Jian-xin??et al. *Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery??the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University??Guangzhou 510080??China
Corresponding author??YIN Xiao-yu??E-mail??yinxy@21cn.com
Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficacy of FOLFOX4 regimen systemic chemotherapy in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The clinical data of 22 cases of advanced HCC were treated by FOLFOX4 regimen systemic chemotherapy between July 2007 and July 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were analyzed retrospectively. The chemotherapy was given each two weeks??with a maximum of 8 cycles. The therapeutic responses were evaluated each 3 cycles and end of treatment. Results A total of 85 cycles were administered in 22 cases??with a mean of ??3.7±2.0?? cycles /case. There were no complete response??5 partial responses??5 static diseases and 12 progressive diseases. The objective response rate was 22.7% (5/22)??and disease control rate was 45.4% (10/22)??with a one-year survival rate of 12.1% and median survival time of 5.8 months in the follow up of 2-34 ??8.5±1.9??months . In 10 cases of disease control after chemotherapy??the median survival time reached up to 9.5 months. Conclusion FOLFOX4 regimen systemic chemotherapy is effective in part of advanced HCC??and represented as an effective modality.     

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??Abstract??The purpose of the present study was to show the different choices of periodontal surgeries in resolving various clinical problems. There were both demands of restoration in bilateral posterior areas of the patient??but their remaining of local dental tissue was different. In order to immediately restore the function and esthetic of the patient's dentition??the crown-lengthening surgery was applied on the side of more dental tissue available??the tooth was extracted on the other side of less dental tissue available and cureless apical lesion??also??implant surgery was applied electively. Soft and hard tissue augmentation was finished in implantation synchronously. The effect of final restorations was good and the patient was satisfied. The periodontal surgery played the key role in multidisciplinary treatment??therefore??its indications should be carefully and comprehensively chosen in overall treatment design.